The DOI matches its Crossref record; 59 of the 59 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Bile acid metabolites control TH17 and Treg cell differentiation
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
Bile acids are abundant in the mammalian gut, where they undergo bacteria-mediated transformation to generate a large pool of bioactive molecules. Although bile acids are known to affect host metabolism, cancer progression and innate immunity, it is unknown whether they affect adaptive immune cells such as T helper cells that express IL-17a (T H 17 cells) or regulatory T cells (T reg cells). Here we screen a library of bile acid metabolites and identify two distinct derivatives of lithocholic acid (LCA), 3-oxoLCA and isoalloLCA, as T cell regulators in mice. 3-OxoLCA inhibited the differentiation of T H 17 cells by directly binding to the key transcription factor retinoid-related orphan receptor-γt (RORγt) and isoalloLCA increased the differentiation of T reg cells through the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS), which led to increased expression of FOXP3. The isoalloLCA-mediated enhancement of T reg cell differentiation required an intronic Foxp3 enhancer, the conserved noncoding sequence (CNS) 3; this represents a mode of action distinct from that of previously identified metabolites that increase T reg cell differentiation, which require CNS1. The administration of 3-oxoLCA and isoalloLCA to mice reduced T H 17 cell differentiation and increased T reg cell differentiation, respectively, in the intestinal lamina propria. Our data suggest mechanisms through which bile acid metabolites control host immune responses, by directly modulating the balance of T H 17 and T reg cells.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that certain secondary BAs serve significant biological functions, including the regulation of host metabolism, immunity, and resistance against intestinal pathogen expansion.21,360–364”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [363]
In the citing paper
“On the other hand, certain secondary BAs exert anti-inflammatory effects by stimulating Treg cell differentiation and inhibiting TH17 cell differentiation.361,363,364,702,710”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [363]
In the citing paper
“Hence, in humans BACH2 might be an important regulator of homeostatic Th17 cells that could be exploited for the treatment of human autoimmune diseases.”
From TH17 cell heterogeneity and its role in tissue inflammation (2023) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the BACH2 locus are associated with human autoimmune diseases and a protective allele for MS disease correlates with an increase of BACH2 expression in CD4+ T cells”
From TH17 cell heterogeneity and its role in tissue inflammation (2023) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“by integrating single-cell ATAC-seq and single-cell RNA-seq, we generated a regulatory network across npTh17, pTh17, and Th1 cells”
From TH17 cell heterogeneity and its role in tissue inflammation (2023) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“Predicted regulators of the non-pathogenic- and general- Th17 program included RORγt, ETS1, BACH2, FOSL2, and RBPJ.”
From TH17 cell heterogeneity and its role in tissue inflammation (2023) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“The network predicted the pathogenic Th17- and Th1- program to be regulated by the transcription factors ATF3, BHLHE40, FOS, NR4A1, EOMES, and T-BET.”
From TH17 cell heterogeneity and its role in tissue inflammation (2023) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“We validated BACH2 as a novel regulator of Th17 pathogenicity that promoted immunomodulatory programs and restrained pro-inflammatory Th1-like programs in Th17 cells.”
From TH17 cell heterogeneity and its role in tissue inflammation (2023) · cites this paper as [60]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
DADA2: High–resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data
Callahan, B. J., McMurdie, P. J., Rosen, M. J., Han, A. W., Johnson, A. J. A., & Holmes, S. P. (2016) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.3869 · Cited by 35,698
Bokulich, N. A., Kaehler, B. D., Rideout, J. R., Dillon, M. R., Bolyen, E. K., Knight, R. D., Huttley, G. A., & Caporaso, J. G. (2018) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-018-0470-z · Cited by 6,037
Metabolites produced by commensal bacteria promote peripheral regulatory T-cell generation
Arpaia, N., Campbell, C., Fan, X., Dikiy, S., van der Veeken, J., deRoos, P., Liu, H., Cross, J. R., Pfeffer, K., Coffer, P. J., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12726 · Cited by 4,838
Induction of Intestinal Th17 Cells by Segmented Filamentous Bacteria
Ivanov, I. I., Atarashi, K., Manel, N., Brodie, E. L., Shima, T., Karaoz, U., Wei, D., Goldfarb, K. C., Santee, C. A., Lynch, S. V., et al. (2009) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.09.033 · Cited by 4,554
Self-citationBile salt biotransformations by human intestinal bacteria
Ridlon, J. M., Kang, D.-J., & Hylemon, P. B. (2006) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.r500013-jlr200 · Cited by 2,829
Precision microbiome reconstitution restores bile acid mediated resistance to Clostridium difficile
Buffie, C. G., Bucci, V., Stein, R. R., McKenney, P. T., Ling, L., Gobourne, A., No, D., Liu, H., Kinnebrew, M., Viale, A., et al. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13828 · Cited by 1,872
Gut microbiome–mediated bile acid metabolism regulates liver cancer via NKT cells
Ma, C., Han, M., Heinrich, B., Fu, Q., Zhang, Q., Sandhu, M., Agdashian, D., Terabe, M., Berzofsky, J. A., Fako, V., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aan5931 · Cited by 1,508
Sena, L. A., Li, S., Jairaman, A., Prakriya, M., Ezponda, T., Hildeman, D. A., Wang, C.-R., Schumacker, P. T., Licht, J. D., Perlman, H., et al. (2013) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2012.10.020 · Cited by 1,338
Foxp3 Reprograms T Cell Metabolism to Function in Low-Glucose, High-Lactate Environments
Angelin, A., Gil‐de‐Gómez, L., Dahiya, S., Jiao, J., Guo, L., Levine, M. H., Wang, Z., Quinn, W. J., Kopinski, P. K., Wang, L., et al. (2017) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.12.018 · Cited by 1,304
T cell metabolism drives immunity
Buck, M. D., O’Sullivan, D., & Pearce, E. L. (2015) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20151159 · Cited by 1,238
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–800 of 999
Shi, W., Deng, Y., Zhao, C., Xiao, W., Wang, Z., Xiong, Z., & Zhao, L. (2021) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ab.2021.114474 · Cited by 14
Zhang, W., Zhang, J., Liu, T., Xing, J., Zhang, H., Wang, D., & Tang, D. (2022) · Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s00432-022-04081-3 · Cited by 14
Traditional Chinese Medicine Regulates Th17/Treg Balance in Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Xie, F., Xiong, Q., Li, Y., Yao, C., Wu, R., Wang, Q., Luo, L., Liu, H., & Feng, P. (2022) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2022/6275136 · Cited by 14
Metabolic Optimisation of Regulatory T Cells in Transplantation
Atif, M., Mohr, A., Conti, F., Scatton, O., Gorochov, G., & Miyara, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.02005 · Cited by 16
Zhang, Y., Wang, L., Li, X., & Geng, J. (2021) · Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine · doi:10.3892/etm.2021.9914 · Cited by 14
Tang, Q., & Evans, R. M. (2021) · Essays in Biochemistry · doi:10.1042/ebc20210038 · Cited by 14
Wang, L., Shao, L., Gao, Y., Liu, J., Li, X.-D., Zhou, J., Li, S.-F., Song, Y., Liu, B., Zhang, W., et al. (2025) · The American Journal of Chinese Medicine · doi:10.1142/s0192415x25500223 · Cited by 14
The Microbial Bile Acid Metabolite 3-Oxo-LCA Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Progression
Sun, F., Wang, K., Dong, X., Secaira-Morocho, H., Hui, A., Cai, C., Sze, J., Low, B., Udgata, S., Pasch, C. A., et al. (2025) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-24-3898 · Cited by 17
Baldi, S., Turrini, M., Cei, F., Menicatti, M., Bartolucci, G., & Amedei, A. (2026) · BioFactors · doi:10.1002/biof.70078 · Cited by 13
Fritsch, D. A., Jackson, M. I., Wernimont, S. M., Feld, G. K., Badri, D. V., Brejda, J. J., Cochrane, C., & Gross, K. L. (2023) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.1039032 · Cited by 17
The association of gut microbiome with recurrent pregnancy loss: A comprehensive review
Zhu, J., Jin, J., Qi, Q., Li, L., Zhou, J., Cao, L., & Wang, L. (2023) · Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics · doi:10.5582/ddt.2023.01010 · Cited by 15
Lai, Y., Wu, X., Chao, E., Bloomstein, J. D., Wei, G., Hwang, S. T., & Shi, Z. (2023) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jid.2023.05.012 · Cited by 13
Sui, H. X., Deng, W., Chai, Q., Han, B., Zhang, Y., Wei, Z., Li, Z., Wang, T., Feng, J., Yuan, M., et al. (2023) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpha.2023.11.008 · Cited by 13
The effects of low-dose IL-2 on Th17/Treg cell imbalance in primary biliary cholangitis mouse models
Wang, Z., Liu, Z., Zheng, J., Huang, L.-X., Jin, R., Wang, X., Chen, D., Xie, Y., & Feng, B. (2024) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/s12876-024-03176-0 · Cited by 13
Zhang, D., Lv, W., Xu, Y., Zhang, Z., Zeng, S., Zhang, W., Gong, L., Shao, L., Zhang, M., Tian, H., et al. (2024) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1016/j.ajt.2024.02.029 · Cited by 13
He, Y., Qi, A., Gu, Y., Zhang, C., Wang, Y., Yang, W., Bi, L., Gong, Y., Jiao, L., & Xu, L. (2024) · Integrative Cancer Therapies · doi:10.1177/15347354241237973 · Cited by 15
New developments in biotechnology applied to microorganisms
(GMO), E. P. O. G. M. O., Mullins, E. D., Bresson, J., Dewhurst, I. C., Epstein, M. M., Firbank, L. G., Guerche, P., Hejátko, J., Moreno, F. J., Naegeli, H., et al. (2024) · EFSA Journal · doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8895 · Cited by 13
Zhu, G., Yan, L., Fang, L., Fan, C., Sun, H., Zhou, X., Zhang, Y., & Shi, Z. (2024) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1426911 · Cited by 14
Cheng, W., Zhu, N., Wang, J., & Yang, R. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1331518 · Cited by 14
Chen, S., Xue, X., Zhang, H., Huang, X., Lin, X., He, J., Chen, L., Luo, S., & Gao, J. (2024) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156000 · Cited by 13
Biagioli, M., Giorgio, C. D., Morretta, E., Bellini, R., Massa, C., Urbani, G., Bordoni, M., Marchianò, S., Lachi, G., Sepe, V., et al. (2024) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107403 · Cited by 14
Targeting G Protein–Coupled Receptors in Immuno-Oncological Therapies
Stagg, J., & Gutkind, J. S. (2024) · The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-061724-080852 · Cited by 13
Pathogenic mechanisms in the evolution of food allergy
Martínez‐Blanco, M., Mukhatayev, Z., & Chatila, T. A. (2024) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.13398 · Cited by 16
Lu, Y., Xiong, Y., Zhang, S., Wang, B., Feng, Y., Pu, Z., Wei, K., Chen, J., Chen, D., & Zhang, P. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1454713 · Cited by 13
Shi, N., Jiang, S., Zhao, Y., Zhang, Y., Duan, X., Hong, G., Yang, Z., Duan, Y., & Niu, H. (2024) · Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1186/s10020-024-01014-3 · Cited by 14
Zaufel, A., van de Wiel, S. M. W., Yin, L., Fauler, G., Chien, D. C.-C., Dong, X., Gilmer, J. F., Truong, J. K., Dawson, P. A., van de Graaf, S. F. J., et al. (2021) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166153 · Cited by 14
Inflammatory and Non-Inflammatory Mechanisms Controlling Cirrhosis Development
Sánchez, P. S., Rigual, M. D. M., & Djouder, N. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13205045 · Cited by 13
A shotgun metagenomic analysis of the fecal microbiome in humans infected with Giardia duodenalis
McGregor, B. A., Razmjou, E., Hooshyar, H., Seeger, D. R., Golovko, S. A., Golovko, M. Y., Singer, S. M., Hur, J., & Solaymani-Mohammadi, S. (2023) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-023-05821-1 · Cited by 13
Kong, X., Yao, X., Ren, J., Gao, J., Cui, Y., Sun, J., Xu, X., Hu, W., Wang, H., Li, H., et al. (2023) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-023-03504-7 · Cited by 13
Bile acids mediate signaling between microbiome and the immune system
Liston, A., & Whyte, C. E. (2020) · Immunology and Cell Biology · doi:10.1111/imcb.12332 · Cited by 13
Erngren, I., Vaivade, A., Carlsson, H., Al-Grety, A., Åkerfeldt, T., Kockum, I. S., Hedström, A. K., Alfredsson, L. S., Olsson, T. P., Burman, J., et al. (2025) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-025-04041-x · Cited by 14
Wu, X., Cao, T., Ye, J., Shi, R., Bao, X., Ge, Y., Li, D., Hao, S., Liu, F., & Liu, X. (2025) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5c01184 · Cited by 11
Xu, X., Zhou, J., Xie, H., Zhang, R., Gu, B., Liu, L., Liu, M., & Chang, X.-R. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1610254 · Cited by 14
Reichardt, F., Lucas, L. N., Okyere, L., Choi, J., Amador‐Noguez, D., Gaulke, C. A., & Anakk, S. (2025) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2025.2540483 · Cited by 12
Intestinal aging-related immune dysfunction: mechanisms and interventions
Shen, X., Gao, X., & Wang, L. (2025) · Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica · doi:10.3724/abbs.2025157 · Cited by 13
Xue, T., Zhu, Y., Chang, M., He, Y., & Zhu, G. (2025) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5c08885 · Cited by 12
Shao-Yu, Y., Niu, D., Chen, J., Li, W.-Y., Wang, X., Meng, Q.-W., Song, W.-J., Yang, Y., Wang, H., Li, R., et al. (2025) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2025.2582944 · Cited by 15
Diet-derived microbial metabolites as regulators of immune function
Siracusa, F., Machicote, A., Huber, S., & Gagliani, N. (2025) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2025.102713 · Cited by 16
The NQR Complex Regulates the Immunomodulatory Function of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron
Engelhart, M. J., Glowacki, R. W. P., Till, J. M., Harding, C. V., Martens, E. C., & Ahern, P. P. (2023) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.2200892 · Cited by 13
Khocht, A., Paster, B. J., Lenoir, L., Irani, C., & Fraser, G. E. (2023) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/jcpe.13860 · Cited by 13
Diet composition drives tissue-specific intensity of murine enteric infections
Israelson, H., Vedsted-Jakobsen, A., Zhu, L., Gagnaire, A., von Münchow, A., Polakovicova, N., Valente, A. H., Raza, A., Andersen‐Civil, A. I. S., Olsen, J. E., et al. (2024) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.02603-23 · Cited by 12
Targeting bile salt homeostasis in biliary diseases
Trampert, D. C., Kunst, R. F., & van de Graaf, S. F. J. (2024) · Current Opinion in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mog.0000000000000997 · Cited by 11
The Role of Gut Microbiota in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Yao, S., Yang, X., Cen, L., & Tan, S. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25063179 · Cited by 12
Rook, G. A. W. (2024) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105653 · Cited by 12
Li, Y., Zhou, Z., Liang, X., Ding, J., He, Y., Sun, S., Cheng, W., Ni, Z., & Yu, C. (2024) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s458928 · Cited by 12
Quantifying Forms and Functions of Enterohepatic Bile Acid Pools in Mice
Sudo, K., Eliason, A. D., Soucy, S. M., Barrack, K. E., Liu, J., Balasubramanian, A., Shu, C. J., James, M. J., Hegner, C. L., Dionne, H. D., et al. (2024) · Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.101392 · Cited by 14
Lee, S. K., Kwon, J. H., Jang, J. W., Bae, S. H., Yoon, S. K., Jung, E. S., & Choi, J. Y. (2024) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000005220 · Cited by 13
Nanomedicine: The new trend and future of precision medicine for inflammatory bowel disease
Li, H. Z., Pan, M., Li, Y., Liang, H., Cui, M., Zhang, M., & Zhang, M. (2024) · Chinese Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/cm9.0000000000003413 · Cited by 12
Bile Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Pathophysiology to Treatment
Bai, S. H., Chandnani, A., & Cao, S. “. (2024) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines12122910 · Cited by 15
Zhou, P., Zheng, T., Li, Y., Zhang, X., Feng, J., Wei, Y., Wang, H., Yao, Y., Gong, F., Tian, W., et al. (2020) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c03758 · Cited by 12
Cultivation and Genomic Characterization of the Bile Bacterial Species From Cholecystitis Patients
Yan, Q., Zhang, S., Li, S., Wang, G., Zhang, A., Jin, T., Zhang, Y., Lv, Q., Xiao, M., Sun, Y., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.739621 · Cited by 12
Shi, W., Ye, H., Deng, Y., Chen, S., Xiao, W. L., Wang, Z., Xiong, Z., & Zhao, L. (2022) · Journal of Chromatography B · doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.123096 · Cited by 12
Ogbechi, J., Huang, Y., Clanchy, F. I. L., Pantazi, E. D., Topping, L. M., Darlington, L. G., Williams, R. O., & Stone, T. W. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1001956 · Cited by 12
Xu, Y., Zhou, C., Zong, M., Zhu, J., Guo, X., & Sun, Z. (2024) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/d4fo00159a · Cited by 12
Exploring the role of gut microbiota in colorectal liver metastasis through the gut-liver axis
Liu, Q.-L., Zhou, H., Wang, Z., & Chen, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2025.1563184 · Cited by 12
Zhao, X., Li, R., Sun, R., Pan, Q., Lu, H., & Chai, J. (2025) · EngMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.engmed.2025.100088 · Cited by 11
Gut microbiota–host post-translational modification axis in immunometabolic diseases
Li, S., Guo, Y., An, S., Ge, L., You, J., & Ren, W. (2025) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2025.06.006 · Cited by 11
Microbial Metabolites in Allergic Diseases: Beyond Short-Chain Fatty Acids
Morillas-Armenta, J., Macías‐Camero, A., Rzetecka, N., Zubeldia‐Varela, E., Barker‐Tejeda, T. C., Escribese, M. M., Pérez‐Gordo, M., Barber, D., & Villaseñor, A. (2025) · Current Allergy and Asthma Reports · doi:10.1007/s11882-025-01231-8 · Cited by 12
The contribution of the intestinal microbiome to immune recovery after HCT
Wolfe, A. E., & Markey, K. A. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.988121 · Cited by 11
Du, P., Jing, J., & He, X. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1091124 · Cited by 11
Intestinal microecology-based treatment for inflammatory bowel disease: Progress and prospects
Yan, X.-X., & Dong, W. (2023) · World Journal of Clinical Cases · doi:10.12998/wjcc.v11.i1.47 · Cited by 11
Intersection of the microbiome and immune metabolism in lupus
Garcia, A. C., Six, N., Ma, L., & Morel, L. M. (2024) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.13360 · Cited by 12
Yin, Q., Ni, J., & Ying, J. (2024) · Immunity Inflammation and Disease · doi:10.1002/iid3.1263 · Cited by 12
Ye, J., Shi, R., Wu, X., Fan, H., Zhao, Y., Hu, X., Wang, L., Bo, X., Li, D., Ge, Y., et al. (2025) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2025.2452241 · Cited by 13
Fang, Q., Qin, C., Peng, Y., Zhang, L., Li, D., & Hu, S. (2025) · Trends in Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2025.104893 · Cited by 11
Bile acid and microbiome interactions in the developing child
Tessier, M. E. M., Shneider, B. L., Petrosino, J. F., & Preidis, G. A. (2025) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1002/jpn3.70014 · Cited by 13
A Sequential Release Micro‐nano System for Colitis Therapy via Gut Microbiota and Immune Regulation
Zhu, D., Ma, X., Wang, J., Chen, T., Yang, J., Liu, Y., Lin, Z., Wu, M., Hu, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2025) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202424409 · Cited by 13
Yue, S. R., Gong, L., Tan, Y. L., Zhang, X., & Liao, F. (2025) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114501 · Cited by 13
Chang, L., Wang, C., Peng, J., Yuan, M., Zhang, Z., Xu, Y., Liu, X., Zhang, Q., Li, X., Yang, A.-A., et al. (2025) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5c00409 · Cited by 11
Metabolic hallmarks of type 2 diabetes compromise T cell function
Liang, Y., Chen, W., Gao, Q., Tan, K. C. B., Lee, C., & Ling, G. S. (2025) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2025.08.005 · Cited by 11
Li, Y., Gu, F., Gu, H., Hu, P., Liu, H., & Cai, D. (2022) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo12070659 · Cited by 11
Li, X., Zhang, B., Zhang, X., Yu, S., Xue, H., & Hu, X. (2023) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.mucimm.2022.12.005 · Cited by 11
Altered intestinal microbiome and epithelial damage aggravate intestinal graft-versus-host disease
Gao, F., Wu, H., Wang, L., Zhao, Y., & Huang, H. (2023) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2023.2221821 · Cited by 11
Luo, Y., Liu, C., Luo, Y., Zhang, X., Li, J., Hu, C.-J., & Yang, S. (2023) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-023-01085-y · Cited by 11
Intestinal factors promoting the development of RORγt+ cells and oral tolerance
López‐Fandiño, R., Molina, E., & Lozano‐Ojalvo, D. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1294292 · Cited by 11
Potential role of bile acids in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis
Yang, J., Chen, X., Liu, T., & Shi, Y. (2023) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122279 · Cited by 11
Singh, R. K., Srivastava, P., & Manna, P. P. (2024) · Medical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12032-023-02289-y · Cited by 11
Regulatory T Cells for Control of Autoimmunity
Kawakami, R., & Sakaguchi, S. (2024) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-9781-7_5 · Cited by 13
Bile acids, bile pigments and colorectal cancer risk
Kuhls, S., Oßwald, A., & Ocvirk, S. (2022) · Current Opinion in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mog.0000000000000820 · Cited by 11
Parthenolide Suppresses T Helper 17 and Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Zhang, Z., Zhang, K., Zhang, M., Zhang, X., & Zhang, R. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.856694 · Cited by 11
Kumar, Y., Yadav, R., & Bhatia, A. (2020) · Future Virology · doi:10.2217/fvl-2020-0210 · Cited by 11
Amyloid-β-driven Alzheimer’s disease reshapes the colonic immune system in mice
Makhijani, P., Valentino, T. R., Manwaring-Mueller, M., Emani, R., Mu, W., Aguirre, C. G., Tan, C. R., Rane, A., Wilson, K. A., Kifle, A., et al. (2025) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116109 · Cited by 13
Nie, D., Zhang, H., Wang, H., Song, W., Yuan, D., Zhu, D., Mao, G., Guo, T., & Lin, M. (2025) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2025.157269 · Cited by 10
The gut-liver axis modulates intestinal immune homeostasis
Gu, Y., & Wu, C. (2025) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.12.001 · Cited by 11
The interplay between bile acids and mucosal adaptive immunity
Mohammed, A. D., Ball, R. A. W., & Kubinak, J. L. (2023) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1011356 · Cited by 10
Liu, S., Yang, S., Blažeković, B., Lu, L., Zhang, J., & Wang, Y. N. (2024) · Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.eng.2023.11.017 · Cited by 10
Gao, Y., Yue, J., Ha, F., Wang, Y., Wang, R., Yang, X., Zhang, J., Liu, X., Zhang, Y., Han, T., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.97059 · Cited by 10
Wolf, P. G., Welsh, C., Binion, B., Dai, H., Oliveira, M. L., Hamm, A., Goldberg, S., Buobu, P. S., Schering, T., Vergis, S., et al. (2025) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.035 · Cited by 12
PSC and colitis: A complex relationship
Horst, L. J., Kempski, J., Walmsley, M., Huber, S., & Schramm, C. (2025) · Hepatology · doi:10.1097/hep.0000000000001236 · Cited by 11
Recent advances on immunity and hypertension: the new cells on the kidney block
Dasinger, J. H., Abais‐Battad, J. M., McCrorey, M. K., & Beusecum, J. P. V. (2025) · American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00309.2024 · Cited by 10
Immunobiology of bile and cholangiocytes
Yang, L., Leung, P. S. C., Zhang, W., Zhang, S., Liu, Z., Kurth, M. J., Patterson, A. D., Gershwin, M. E., & Song, J. (2025) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2025.103376 · Cited by 12
Immunosuppressant imprecision: multidirectional effects on metabolism and microbiome
Kensiski, A., Gavzy, S. J., Wu, L., Mas, V. R., Ma, B., & Bromberg, J. S. (2025) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00178-24 · Cited by 11
Self-citationFXR protects against neonatal sepsis by enhancing the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs
He, J., Zhang, Y., Jing, Y., Dong, R., Li, T., Zheng, X., Zhou, P., Shi, K., Zhong, W., Liu, Q., et al. (2025) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-025-01289-4 · Cited by 10
Dietary Cholesterol Metabolite Regulation of Tissue Immune Cell Development and Function
Frascoli, M., Reboldi, A., & Kang, J. (2022) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.2200273 · Cited by 10
Ramos, R. J., Zhu, C., Joseph, D. F., Thaker, S., LaComb, J. F., Markarian, K., Lee, H., Petrov, J. C., Monzur, F., Buscaglia, J. M., et al. (2022) · Medical Research Archives · doi:10.18103/mra.v10i10.3318 · Cited by 10
Synthetic microbial consortia for the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection in mice model
Liu, J., Zhu, W., Lessing, D. J., & Chu, W. (2023) · Microbial Biotechnology · doi:10.1111/1751-7915.14333 · Cited by 10
Urinary metabolomic profiling of a cohort of Colombian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Rojo-Sánchez, A., Carmona-Martes, A., Díaz-Olmos, Y., Santamaría-Torres, M. A., Cala, M. P., Orozco‐Acosta, E., Aroca, G., Pacheco‐Londoño, L. C., Quiroz, E. N., & Pacheco-Lugo, L. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-60217-0 · Cited by 10
A long journey to the colon: The role of the small intestine microbiota in intestinal disease
Shealy, N. G., Baltagulov, M., & Byndloss, M. X. (2024) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1111/mmi.15270 · Cited by 11
Sassone‐Corsi, M., Azriel, S., Simon, A., Ramanan, D., Ortiz-Lopez, A., Chen, F., Yissachar, N., Mathis, D. J., & Benoist, C. O. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2209624119 · Cited by 11
Microbiome-derived secondary bile acids promote repair of colonic mucosa after injury
Attema, B. J., & Kuipers, F. (2025) · EMBO Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/s44321-025-00218-2 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Hang, S., Paik, D., Yao, L., Kim, E., Trinath, J., Lu, J., Ha, S., Nelson, B. N., Kelly, S. P., Wu, L., Zheng, Y., Longman, R. S., Rastinejad, F., Devlin, A. S., Krout, M. R., Fischbach, M. A., Littman, D. R., & Huh, J. R.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Hyderabad Campus (IN)
- Bucknell University (US)
- New York University (US)
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
- Weill Cornell Medicine (US)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Stanford University (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fischbach, Michael A.
- Littman, Dan R.
- Huh, Jun R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2019-11-27
- Volume
- 576
- Issue
- 7785
- Pages
- 143-148
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC6949019
- OpenAlex
- W2990182987
- Cited by
- 1,457
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 274 · 2025: 287 · 2024: 260 · 2023: 207 · 2022: 174 · 2021: 158 · 2020: 94 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 43.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2020-02-25)
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Wellcome Trust (210664/Z/18/Z)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI107027, R01AI080885)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK103358, R01DK114252, R01DK110559, P30DK034854)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- bile acid metabolites, lithocholic acid, Th17 cell differentiation, regulatory T cells, RORγt, Foxp3, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, gut microbiota, intestinal lamina propria, IL-17A, T cell regulation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Lithocholic Acid, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Reactive Oxygen Species, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Mice, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Th17 Cells
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
