Heightened aversion to risk and loss in depressed patients with a suicide attempt history
Open accessAbstract
Suicide attempters have been found to be impaired in decision-making; however, their specific biases in evaluating uncertain outcomes remain unclear. Here we tested the hypothesis that suicidal behavior is associated with heightened aversion to risk and loss, which might produce negative predictions about uncertain future events. Forty-five depressed patients with a suicide attempt history, 47 nonsuicidal depressed patients, and 75 healthy controls participated in monetary decision-making tasks assessing risk and loss aversion. Suicide attempters compared with the other groups exhibited greater aversion to both risk and loss during gambles involving potential loss. Risk and loss aversion correlated with each other in the depressed patients, suggesting that a common pathophysiological mechanism underlies these biases. In addition, emotion regulation via suppression, a detrimental emotional control strategy, was positively correlated with loss aversion in the depressed patients, also implicating impairment in regulatory processes. A preliminary fMRI study also found disrupted neural responses to potential gains and losses in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, insula cortex, and left amygdala, brain regions involved in valuation, emotion reactivity, and emotion regulation. The findings thus implicate heightened negative valuation in decision-making under risk, and impaired emotion regulation in depressed patients with a history of suicide attempts.
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Compared with suicide nonattempters, suicide attempters with the same diagnosis show less activity in the dlPFC, rACC, dACC, thalamus, and insula during decision-making tasks.
“Compared with suicide nonattempters, suicide attempters having the same diagnosis manifest less activity in the dlPFC, rACC, dACC, thalamus, and insula while performing decision-making tasks (e.g., the Iowa Gambling Task) (95-99).”
From A brain-centric model of suicidal behavior (2020) · cites this paper as [99]
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- Authors
- Baek, K., Kwon, J., Chae, J.-H., Chung, Y. A., Kralik, J. D., Min, J.-A., Huh, H., Choi, K. M., Jang, K.-I., Lee, N.-B., Kim, S., Peterson, B. S., & Jeong, J.
- Affiliations
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KR)
- Catholic University of Korea (KR)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chae, Jeong-Ho
- Jeong, Jaeseung
- ORCID
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2017-09-11
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 11228-11228
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5593974
- OpenAlex
- W2750584045
- Cited by
- 98
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 5.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Korea Science and Engineering Foundation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- suicide attempt history, depression, risk aversion, loss aversion, decision making under risk, emotion regulation, emotional suppression, subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, insula, amygdala
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Decision Making, Depression, Emotions, Fear, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Risk-Taking, Suicide, Attempted, Young Adult
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