WITHIN‐SUBJECT COMPARISON OF REAL AND HYPOTHETICAL MONEY REWARDS IN DELAY DISCOUNTING
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A within‐subject design, using human participants, compared delay discounting functions for real and hypothetical money rewards. Both real and hypothetical rewards were studied across a range that included $10 to $250. For 5 of the 6 participants, no systematic difference in discount rate was observed in response to real and hypothetical choices, suggesting that hypothetical rewards may often serve as a valid proxy for real rewards in delay discounting research. By measuring discounting at an unprecedented range of real rewards, this study has also systematically replicated the robust finding in human delay discounting research that discount rates decrease with increasing magnitude of reward. A hyperbolic decay model described the data better than an exponential model.
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Assessment of delay discounting using hypothetical rewards is a practical procedure that yields valid data.
“The results across these studies have led to the conclusion that assessment of delay discounting using hypothetical rewards is a practical procedure that yields valid data [15–21].”
From The behavioral economics and neuroeconomics of reinforcer pathologies: implications for etiology and treatment of addiction (2011) · cites this paper as [17]
Delay discounting rates from hypothetical rewards are comparable to those from potentially real rewards.
“the assessed discounting rates from procedures using all hypothetical rewards were comparable to those from the potentially real procedures [15–20].”
From The behavioral economics and neuroeconomics of reinforcer pathologies: implications for etiology and treatment of addiction (2011) · cites this paper as [17]
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- Authors
- Johnson, M. W., & Bickel, W. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Vermont (US)
- Corresponding author
- Johnson, Matthew W.
- Venue
- Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-03
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 129-146
- ISSN
- 0022-5002 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-3711
- PMC
- PMC1284852
- OpenAlex
- W2005033227
- Cited by
- 991
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 49 · 2016: 72 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 55 · 2013: 56 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 10.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (T32-DA-07242, R01 DA11692, R01DA011692, T32DA007242)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Accounting › Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis
- Keywords
- delay discounting, discount rate, reward magnitude, exponential discounting, time preference, within-subject comparison
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Choice Behavior, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Individuality, Internal-External Control, Male, Motivation, Reinforcement Schedule, Token Economy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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