Cited by 58Immune cells in cancerAtherosclerosis and Cardiovascular DiseasesGarlic and Onion Studies

S-1-Propenylcysteine Promotes IL-10-Induced M2c Macrophage Polarization through Prolonged Activation of IL-10R/STAT3 Signaling

Open access
Miki, Satomi, Suzuki, Jun-ichiro, Takashima, Miyuki, Ishida, Mari, Kokubo, Hiroki, Yoshizumi, Masao·2021·Scientific Reports

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that may lead to the development of serious cardiovascular diseases. Aged garlic extract (AGE) has been reported to ameliorate atherosclerosis, although its mode of action remains unclear. We found that AGE increased the mRNA or protein levels of arginase1 (Arg1), interleukin-10 (IL-10), CD206 and hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF2α) and decreased that of CD68, HIF1α and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the aorta and spleen of apolipoprotein E knockout mice. We also found that S-1-propenylcysteine (S1PC), a characteristic sulfur compound in AGE, increased the level of IL-10-induced Arg1 mRNA and the extent of M2c-like macrophage polarization in vitro. In addition, S1PC increased the population of M2c-like macrophages, resulting in suppressed the population of M1-like macrophages and decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These effects were accompanied by prolonged phosphorylation of the IL-10 receptor α (IL-10Rα) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) that inhibited the interaction between IL-10Rα and Src homology-2-containing inositol 5’-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1). In addition, administration of S1PC elevated the M2c/M1 macrophage ratio in senescence-accelerated mice. These findings suggest that S1PC may help improve atherosclerosis due to its anti-inflammatory effect to promote IL-10-induced M2c macrophage polarization.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/s41598-021-01866-3

Cites

88 of 88 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • S-1-propenylcysteine acts as an anti-inflammatory via stimulation of IL-10 expression and promotion of macrophage polarization towards an M2c status, which regulates phagocytosis of apoptotic cells.

    “For instance, recent evidence has shown that S-1-propenylcysteine, one of the AGE components, acts as an anti-inflammatory via stimulation of IL-10 expression and promotion of macrophage polarization towards an M2c status, which regulates the phagocytosis process of apoptotic cells [213].”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [53]De Paoli F Staels B Chinetti-Gbaguidi G Macrophage phenotypes and their modulation in atherosclerosis Circ. J. 2014 78 1775 1781 24998279
  2. [74]Ferrucci L Fabbri E Inflammageing: chronic inflammation in ageing, cardiovascular disease, and frailty Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 2018 15 505 522 30065258 PMC6146930

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Miki, S., Suzuki, J.-I., Takashima, M., Ishida, M., Kokubo, H., & Yoshizumi, M.
Affiliations
  • Hiroshima University (JP)
  • Wakunaga (Japan) (JP)
Corresponding author
  • Miki, Satomi
  • Yoshizumi, Masao
Venue
Scientific Reports
Published
2021-11-17
Volume
11
Issue
1
Pages
22469-22469
ISSN
2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3212282428
Cited by
58
References
88
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6
FWCI
2.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Hiroshima University Acedemic Information Repository (Hiroshima University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Garlic and Onion Studies
Keywords
aged garlic extract, atherosclerosis, IL-10 signaling, STAT3, IL-10 receptor alpha, SHIP1, arginase-1, HIF-2α, anti-inflammatory activity, macrophage polarization, inflammatory cytokines, sulfur compounds
MeSH terms
Mice, Knockout, ApoE, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Cysteine, Disease Models, Animal, Garlic, Macrophage Activation, Macrophages, Male, Phytotherapy, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Phosphorylation, Plant Extracts, Recombinant Proteins, Signal Transduction, Interleukin-10, Cell Polarity, Treatment Outcome, Atherosclerosis, STAT3 Transcription Factor, Mice, Receptors, Interleukin-10, Plaque, Atherosclerotic

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review