The stress of being born
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Normal birth is a eustress reaction, a beneficial hedonic stress with extremely high catecholamines that protects us from intrauterine hypoxia and assists in the rapid shift to extrauterine life.
“Normal birth is a eustress reaction, a beneficial hedonic stress with extremely high catecholamines that protects us from intrauterine hypoxia and assists in the rapid shift to extrauterine life.”
From Umbilical cord pH, blood gases, and lactate at birth: normal values, interpretation, and clinical utility. (2023) · cites this paper as [8]
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Self-citationEarly skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants
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“The process of parturition is considered an inflammatory/immune event in which offspring are exposed to reduced oxygen and blood flow (Lagercrantz and Slotkin, 1986; Tyzio et al., 2006; Maron et al., 2010), a surge in stress hormones (Lagercrantz and Slotkin, 1986), elevated fetal cytokines…”
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“These responses center around circulatory adjustments that ensure adequate perfusion of the brain and heart, and require autonomous secretion of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla (102), as well as a myocardium that is adapted to function in a low oxygen environment.”
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“Further, the fact that fetal arterial blood has substantially lower O2 concentrations means that the fetal brain is already hypoxic relative to that of a newborn or adult (Faber et al. 1985; Lagercrantz and Slotkin 1986), thus reducing the margin of safety for any agent that compromises oxidative…”
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“The initial surge of adenosine and prostaglandins during (17) and catecholamines after birth (18) is followed by a period of diminished responsiveness to external stimuli (4) and increased vagal tone (19).”
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“These adverse outcomes are directly related to each other, since vaginal delivery and SIDS both involve the ability to survive acute hypoxia, involving patterns of cardiorespiratory responses that are unique to the neonate (Kinney, 2009; Lagercrantz and Slotkin, 1986).”
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“for survival, during the hypoxic events of delivery (54).”
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Dell'Anna, M. E., Luthman, J., Lindqvist, E., & Olson, L. (1993) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/0361-9230(93)90070-r · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Mode of Delivery and Asthma at School Age in 9 European Birth Cohorts
Rusconi, F., Zugna, D., Annesi‐Maesano, I., Baïz, N., Barros, H., Correia, S., Duijts, L., Forastiere, F., Inskip, H. M., Kelleher, C. C., et al. (2017) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwx021 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Developmental perspectives on interpersonal affective touch
Crucianelli, L., & Filippetti, M. L. (2020) · Topoi · doi:10.1007/s11245-018-9565-1 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“These findings seem to suggest that bodily representation is highly malleable in AN or to use Legrand (2010) words, it is “dis-integrated”, in the sense that eating disorders are not only characterized by over-objectification of their physical body but also by weakened body-ownership (Legrand 2010).”
BackgroundSkin Conductance Changes During the First Year of Life in Full-Term Infants
HERNES, K. G., Mørkrid, L., Fremming, A., Ødegården, S., Martinsen, Ø. G., & Storm, H. (2002) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/00006450-200212000-00005 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Breastfeeding and infant‐mother interaction
Zetterström, R. H. (1999) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1999.tb01293.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“During delivery thefetusis subjectedto a severestress situation, which is mirrored by an extremely high concentrationof stresshormones,such as catecholamines, in cord blood, the concentrationof which is about40%higherthanin patientswith pheochromocytoma(15).”
BackgroundBREASTFEEDING, SKIN-TO-SKIN CONTACT, AND MOTHER-INFANT INTERACTIONS OVER INFANTS' FIRST THREE MONTHS
Bigelow, A. E., Power, M., Gillis, D. E., MacLellan‐Peters, J., Alex, M. R., & McDonald, C. (2013) · Infant Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1002/imhj.21424 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lagercrantz, H., & Slotkin, T. A.
- Venue
- Scientific American
- Published
- 1986-04
- Volume
- 254
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 100-107
- ISSN
- 0036-8733 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2012602762
- Cited by
- 448
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 11.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Scientific American (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- births, stress, childbirth, maternal stress
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Medulla, Animals, Asphyxia Neonatorum, Catecholamines, Female, Fetal Hypoxia, Fetus, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Labor, Obstetric, Pregnancy, Respiratory Physiological Phenomena, Sheep, Stress, Physiological, Rats
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