DNA methylation and substance-use risk: a prospective, genome-wide study spanning gestation to adolescence
Open accessAbstract
Epigenetic processes have been implicated in addiction; yet, it remains unclear whether these represent a risk factor and/or a consequence of substance use. Here, we believe we conducted the first genome-wide, longitudinal study to investigate whether DNA methylation patterns in early life prospectively associate with substance use in adolescence. The sample comprised of 244 youth (51% female) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), with repeated assessments of DNA methylation (Illumina 450k array; cord blood at birth, whole blood at age 7) and substance use (tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use; age 14–18). We found that, at birth, epigenetic variation across a tightly interconnected genetic network (n=65 loci; q<0.05) associated with greater levels of substance use during adolescence, as well as an earlier age of onset amongst users. Associations were specific to the neonatal period and not observed at age 7. Key annotated genes included PACSIN1, NEUROD4 and NTRK2, implicated in neurodevelopmental processes. Several of the identified loci were associated with known methylation quantitative trait loci, and consequently likely to be under significant genetic control. Collectively, these 65 loci were also found to partially mediate the effect of prenatal maternal tobacco smoking on adolescent substance use. Together, findings lend novel insights into epigenetic correlates of substance use, highlight birth as a potentially sensitive window of biological vulnerability and provide preliminary evidence of an indirect epigenetic pathway linking prenatal tobacco exposure and adolescent substance use.
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Expecting mothers who smoke tobacco and alcohol have an indirect link with adolescent substance abuse in later life.
“Expecting mothers who smoke tobacco and alcohol have an indirect link with adolescent substance abuse in later life [24, 39].”
From Risk and protective factors of drug abuse among adolescents: a systematic review (2021) · cites this paper as [24]
The Results (Follow-up analyses; page unavailable) report an indirect association between prenatal maternal tobacco smoking and adolescent substance use, including adolescent alcohol use. The Discussion identifies tobacco smoking—not maternal alcohol use—as the prenatal exposure with this indirect association. The claim is supported for smoking but not for alcohol use by expecting mothers. (LLM, conf=0.90)
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- Authors
- Cecil, C. A. M., Walton, E., Smith, R. G., Viding, E., McCrory, E. J., Relton, C. L., Suderman, M., Pingault, J.-B., McArdle, W., Gaunt, T. R., Mill, J., & Barker, E. D.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Georgia State University (US)
- University of Exeter (GB)
- University College London (GB)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Cecil, C A M
- Barker, E D
- ORCID
- Venue
- Translational Psychiatry
- Published
- 2016-12-06
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- e976-e976
- ISSN
- 2158-3188 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5315565
- OpenAlex
- W2560585971
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 4.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Translational Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Royal Devon and Exeter Research Repository (Royal Devon and Exeter) (submittedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (102215/2/13/2), 102215, 102215/2/13/)
- King's College London
- University of Bristol (102215/2/13/2)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Wa 3635/1-1)
- Medical Research Council (102215, 102215/2/13/2, MC_PC_15018)
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/I025263/1, BB/I025751/1)
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/N001273/1, 102215/2/13/2)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD068437)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- DNA methylation, adolescent substance use, prenatal tobacco exposure, methylation quantitative trait loci, epigenetic risk factors, age of onset, NTRK2, brain development, umbilical cord blood, addiction
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Alcohol Drinking, Marijuana Abuse, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Risk, Smoking, Genome, Human, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic, Genome-Wide Association Study
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