Prenatal exposure to maternal cigarette smoking and DNA methylation: epigenome-wide association in a discovery sample of adolescents and replication in an independent cohort at birth through 17 years of age
Open accessAbstract
Abstract Background: Prenatal exposure to maternal cigarette smoking (prenatal smoke exposure) had been associated with altered DNA methylation (DNAm) at birth. Objective: We examined whether such alterations are present from birth through adolescence. Methods: We used the Infinium HumanMethylation450K BeadChip to search across 473,395 CpGs for differential DNAm associated with prenatal smoke exposure during adolescence in a discovery cohort (n = 132) and at birth, during childhood, and during adolescence in a replication cohort (n = 447). Results: In the discovery cohort, we found five CpGs in MYO1G (top-ranking CpG: cg12803068, p = 3.3 × 10–11) and CNTNAP2 (cg25949550, p = 4.0 × 10–9) to be differentially methylated between exposed and nonexposed individuals during adolescence. The CpGs in MYO1G and CNTNAP2 were associated, respectively, with higher and lower DNAm in exposed versus nonexposed adolescents. The same CpGs were differentially methylated at birth, during childhood, and during adolescence in the replication cohort. In both cohorts and at all developmental time points, the differential DNAm was in the same direction and of a similar magnitude, and was not altered appreciably by adjustment for current smoking by the participants or their parents. In addition, four of the five EWAS (epigenome-wide association study)–significant CpGs in the adolescent discovery cohort were also among the top sites of differential methylation in a previous birth cohort, and differential methylation of CpGs in CYP1A1, AHRR, and GFI1 observed in that study was also evident in our discovery cohort. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that modifications of DNAm associated with prenatal maternal smoking may persist in exposed offspring for many years—at least until adolescence. Citation: Lee KW, Richmond R, Hu P, French L, Shin J, Bourdon C, Reischl E, Waldenberger M, Zeilinger S, Gaunt T, McArdle W, Ring S, Woodward G, Bouchard L, Gaudet D, Davey Smith G, Relton C, Paus T, Pausova Z. 2015. Prenatal exposure to maternal cigarette smoking and DNA methylation: epigenome-wide association in a discovery sample of adolescents and replication in an independent cohort at birth through 17 years of age. Environ Health Perspect 123:193–199; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408614
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Meta-analysis of blood from human newborn infants born of mothers who smoked during pregnancy found differentially methylated CpGs associated with gene expression in pathways and processes critical to development.
“Meta-analysis of blood from human newborn infants born of mothers who smoked during pregnancy found differentially methylated CpGs associated with gene expression in pathways and processes critical to development [177,178].”
From Nicotine on the developing brain. (2023) · cites this paper as [177]
The Results (page not provided) report differentially methylated CpGs in newborns exposed to maternal smoking, but the study is an adolescent discovery analysis with newborn replication, not a meta-analysis of newborn blood. The Discussion (page not provided) says the CpGs might alter gene expression and explicitly states that this remains to be studied; it does not establish gene-expression associations across developmental pathways. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
1 retracted
RETRACTED: DNA Damage, Homology-Directed Repair, and DNA Methylation
Cuozzo, C., Porcellini, A., Angrisano, T., Morano, A., Lee, B., Pardo, A. D., Messina, S., Iuliano, R., Fusco, A., Santillo, M. R., et al. (2007) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030110 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
RetractedControlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing
Benjamini, Y., & Hochberg, Y. (1995) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x · Cited by 109,482 · see citing works
The Measurement of Observer Agreement for Categorical Data
Landis, J. R., & Koch, G. G. (1977) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2529310 · Cited by 81,148 · see citing works
Aryee, M. J., Jaffe, A. E., Bravo, H. C., Ladd‐Acosta, C., Feinberg, A. P., Hansen, K. D., & Irizarry, R. A. (2014) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btu049 · Cited by 4,423 · see citing works
DNA methylation arrays as surrogate measures of cell mixture distribution
Houseman, E. A., Accomando, W. P., Koestler, D. C., Christensen, B. C., Marsit, C. J., Nelson, H. H., Wiencke, J. K., & Kelsey, K. T. (2012) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/1471-2105-13-86 · Cited by 3,175 · see citing works
Boyd, A., Golding, J., Macleod, J., Lawlor, D. A., Fraser, A., Henderson, J., Molloy, L., Ness, A., Ring, S., & Davey Smith, G. (2013) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dys064 · Cited by 2,996 · see citing works
Self-citationDu, P., Zhang, X., Huang, C.-C., Jafari, N., Kibbe, W. A., Hou, L., & Lin, S. M. (2010) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/1471-2105-11-587 · Cited by 2,136 · see citing works
High density DNA methylation array with single CpG site resolution
Bibikova, M., Barnes, B., Tsan, C., Ho, V., Klotzle, B., Le, J. M., Delano, D., Zhang, L., Schroth, G. P., Gunderson, K. L., et al. (2011) · Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2011.07.007 · Cited by 1,727 · see citing works
Smoking prevalence and cigarette consumption in 187 countries, 1980-2012
Ng, M., Freeman, M. K., Fleming, T. D., Robinson, M., Dwyer-Lindgren, L., Thomson, B., Wollum, A., Sanman, E., Wulf, S., Lopez, A. D., et al. (2014) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2013.284692 · Cited by 1,576 · see citing works
Epigenetic Reprogramming in Plant and Animal Development
Feng, S., Jacobsen, S. E., & Reik, W. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1190614 · Cited by 1,171 · see citing works
Validation of a DNA methylation microarray for 450,000 CpG sites in the human genome
Sandoval, J., Heyn, H., Moran, S., Serra-Musach, J., Pujana, M. A., Bibikova, M., & Esteller, M. (2011) · Epigenetics · doi:10.4161/epi.6.6.16196 · Cited by 990 · see citing works
A unique regulatory phase of DNA methylation in the early mammalian embryo
Smith, Z. D., Chan, M. M., Mikkelsen, T. S., Gu, H., Gnirke, A., Regev, A., & Meissner, A. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10960 · Cited by 964 · see citing works
Chen, Y.-A., Lemire, M., Choufani, S., Butcher, D., Grafodatskaya, D., Zanke, B., Gallinger, S., Hudson, T. J., & Weksberg, R. (2013) · Epigenetics · doi:10.4161/epi.23470 · Cited by 908 · see citing works
Tobacco smoking leads to extensive genome-wide changes in DNA methylation
Zeilinger, S., Kühnel, B., Klopp, N., Baurecht, H., Kleinschmidt, A., Gieger, C., Weidinger, S., Lattka, E., Adamski, J., Peters, A., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063812 · Cited by 824 · see citing works
Self-citationJoubert, B. R., Håberg, S. E., Nilsen, R. M., Wang, X., Vollset, S. E., Murphy, S. K., Huang, Z., Hoyo, C., Midttun, Ø., Cupul-Uicab, L. A., et al. (2012) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1205412 · Cited by 716 · see citing works
Structure and Function of Mammalian DNA Methyltransferases
Jurkowska, R. Z., Jurkowski, T. P., & Jeltsch, A. (2010) · ChemBioChem · doi:10.1002/cbic.201000195 · Cited by 694 · see citing works
Epigenetics as a unifying principle in the aetiology of complex traits and diseases
Petronis, A. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09230 · Cited by 682 · see citing works
Tobacco-smoking-related differential DNA methylation: 27K discovery and replication
Breitling, L. P., Yang, R., Korn, B., Burwinkel, B., & Brenner, H. (2011) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.03.003 · Cited by 640 · see citing works
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and child overweight: systematic review and meta-analysis
Oken, E., Levitan, E. B., & Gillman, M. W. (2008) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803760 · Cited by 632 · see citing works
Davies, M. N., Volta, M., Pidsley, R., Lunnon, K., Dixit, A., Lovestone, S., Coarfa, C., Harris, R. A., Milosavljevic, A., Troakes, C., et al. (2012) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2012-13-6-r43 · Cited by 630 · see citing works
Dynamic interactions between transposable elements and their hosts
Levin, H. L., & Moran, J. V. (2011) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg3030 · Cited by 621 · see citing works
The maternal and fetal physiologic effects of nicotine
Lambers, D. S., & Clark, K. E. (1996) · Seminars in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/s0146-0005(96)80079-6 · Cited by 577 · see citing works
Touleimat, N., & Tost, J. (2012) · Epigenomics · doi:10.2217/epi.12.21 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
Price, E. M., Cotton, A. M., Lam, L., Farré, P., Emberly, E., Brown, C. J., Robinson, W., & Kobor, M. (2013) · Epigenetics & Chromatin · doi:10.1186/1756-8935-6-4 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
Shenker, N. S., Polidoro, S., van Veldhoven, K., Sacerdote, C., Ricceri, F., Birrell, M. A., Belvisi, M. G., Brown, R., Vineis, P., & Flanagan, J. M. (2013) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/dds488 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Bursts of retrotransposition reproduced in Arabidopsis
Tsukahara, S., Kobayashi, A., Kawabe, A., Mathieu, O., Miura, A., & Kakutani, T. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08351 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Faulk, C., & Dolinoy, D. C. (2011) · Epigenetics · doi:10.4161/epi.6.7.16209 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Recruitment of DNA methyltransferase I to DNA repair sites
Mortusewicz, O., Schermelleh, L., Walter, J., Cardoso, M. C., & Leonhardt, H. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0501034102 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Individual common variants exert weak effects on the risk for autism spectrum disorders
Anney, R., Klei, L., Pinto, D., Almeida, J., Bacchelli, E., Baird, G., Bolshakova, N., Bölte, S., Bolton, P. F., Bourgeron, T., et al. (2012) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/dds301 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Cigarette smoking and DNA methylation
Lee, K. W. K., & Pausová, Z. (2013) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2013.00132 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Self-citationData Resource Profile: Accessible Resource for Integrated Epigenomic Studies (ARIES)
Relton, C. L., Gaunt, T. R., McArdle, W. L., Ho, K. M., Duggirala, A., Shihab, H. A., Woodward, G., Lyttleton, O., Evans, D. M., Reik, W., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyv072 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Self-citationRelton, C. L., & Davey Smith, G. (2010) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000356 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Self-citationAnderson, G. R., Galfin, T., Xu, W., Aoto, J. N., Malenka, R. C., & Südhof, T. C. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1216398109 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Satta, R., Maloku, E., Zhubi, A., Pibiri, F., Hajós, M., Costa, E., & Guidotti, A. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0808699105 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Molecular Enzymology of Mammalian DNA Methyltransferases
Jeltsch, A. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-31390-7_7 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Induction of DNA Hypomethylation by Tumor Hypoxia
Shahrzad, S., Bertrand, K. C., Minhas, K., & Coomber, B. L. (2007) · Epigenetics · doi:10.4161/epi.2.2.4613 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Demethylation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor as a biomarker for nascent smokers
Philibert, R. A., Beach, S. R. H., & Brody, G. H. (2012) · Epigenetics · doi:10.4161/epi.22520 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Pausová, Z., Paus, T., Abrahamowicz, M., Almerigi, J. B., Arbour, N., Bernard, M., Gaudet, D., Hanzalek, P., Hamet, P., Evans, A. C., et al. (2007) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20402 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationMaternal smoking in pregnancy, adult adiposity and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Power, C., Atherton, K., & Thomas, C. (2010) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.03.015 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Cigarette Smoke Induces MUC5AC Protein Expression through the Activation of Sp1
Di, Y. P., Zhao, J., & Harper, R. W. (2012) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m111.334375 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Potential of DNMT and its Epigenetic Regulation for Lung Cancer Therapy
Tang, M., Xu, W., Qizhao, W., Xiao, W., & Xu, R. (2009) · Current Genomics · doi:10.2174/138920209788920994 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Identification of a Cigarette Smoke–Responsive Region in the Distal MMP-1 Promoter
Mercer, B. A., Wallace, A. M. R., Brinckerhoff, C., & D'Armiento, J. M. (2008) · American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1165/rcmb.2007-0310oc · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Telomere shortening and DNA damage of embryonic stem cells induced by cigarette smoke
Huang, J., Okuka, M., Lu, W., Tsibris, J. C. M., McLean, M. P., Keefe, D. L., & Liu, L. (2012) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.07.003 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Patiño‐López, G., Aravind, L., Dong, X., Kruhlak, M. J., Ostap, E. M., & Shaw, S. (2010) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m109.086959 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Syme, C. A., Abrahamowicz, M., Mahboubi, A., Leonard, G. T., Perron, M., Richer, L., Veillette, S., Gaudet, D., Paus, T., & Pausová, Z. (2009) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2009.354 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationProtein Binding Protects Sites on Stable Episomes and in the Chromosome from De Novo Methylation
Han, L., Lin, I. G., & Hsieh, C. (2001) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.21.10.3416-3424.2001 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Olety, B., Wälte, M., Honnert, U., Schillers, H., & Bähler, M. (2009) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2009.11.096 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Association of secondhand smoke exposures with DNA methylation in bladder carcinomas
Wilhelm-Benartzi, C. S., Christensen, B. C., Koestler, D. C., Houseman, E. A., Schned, A. R., Karagas, M. R., Kelsey, K. T., & Marsit, C. J. (2011) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-011-9788-6 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Ščėsnaitė, A., Jarmalaitė, S., Mutanen, P., Anttila, S. L., Nyberg, F., Benhamou, S., Boffetta, P., & Husgafvel‐Pursiainen, K. (2012) · Mutagenesis · doi:10.1093/mutage/ger092 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
DNA methylation and healthy human aging
Jones, M. J., Goodman, S. J., & Kobor, M. S. (2015) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.12349 · Cited by 937 · see citing works
DNA methylation in newborns and maternal smoking in pregnancy: genome-wide consortium meta-analysis
Joubert, B. R., Felix, J. F., Yousefi, P., Bakulski, K. M., Just, A. C., Breton, C., Reese, S. E., Markunas, C. A., Richmond, R. C., Xu, C.-J., et al. (2016) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.02.019 · Cited by 886 · see citing works
Self-citationRichmond, R. C., Simpkin, A. J., Woodward, G., Gaunt, T. R., Lyttleton, O., McArdle, W. L., Ring, S. M., Smith, A. D. A. C., Timpson, N. J., Tilling, K., et al. (2015) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddu739 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Self-citationBanderali, G., Martelli, A. M., Landi, M., Moretti, F., Betti, F., Radaelli, G., Lassandro, C., & Verduci, E. (2015) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-015-0690-y · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Data Resource Profile: Accessible Resource for Integrated Epigenomic Studies (ARIES)
Relton, C. L., Gaunt, T. R., McArdle, W. L., Ho, K. M., Duggirala, A., Shihab, H. A., Woodward, G., Lyttleton, O., Evans, D. M., Reik, W., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyv072 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Self-citationBreton, C. V., Marsit, C. J., Faustman, E. M., Nadeau, K. C., Goodrich, J. M., Dolinoy, D. C., Herbstman, J. B., Holland, N., LaSalle, J. M., Schmidt, R. J., et al. (2017) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp595 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
The Exposome: Molecules to Populations
Niedzwiecki, M. M., Walker, D. I., Vermeulen, R. C. H., Chadeau‐Hyam, M., Jones, D. P., & Miller, G. W. (2018) · The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010818-021315 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Khouja, J. N., Suddell, S. F., Peters, S. E., Taylor, A. E., & Munafo, M. R. (2020) · Tobacco Control · doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055433 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Tobacco Smoking-Associated Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Changes in the EPIC Study
Ambatipudi, S., Cuenin, C., Hernández‐Vargas, H., Ghantous, A., Calvez‐Kelm, F. L., Kaaks, R., Barrdahl, M., Boeing, H., Aleksandrova, K., Trichopoulou, A., et al. (2016) · Epigenomics · doi:10.2217/epi-2016-0001 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Multi-omics signatures of the human early life exposome
Maître, L., Bustamante, M., Hernandéz-Ferrer, C., Thiel, D., Lau, C. E., Siskos, A., Vives-Usano, M., Ruiz-Arenas, C., Pelegrí-Sisó, D., Robinson, O., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-34422-2 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Longitudinal analysis of DNA methylation associated with birth weight and gestational age
Simpkin, A. J., Suderman, M. J., Gaunt, T. R., Lyttleton, O., McArdle, W. L., Ring, S. M., Tilling, K. M., Smith, G. D., & Relton, C. L. (2015) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddv119 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Self-citationNicotine on the developing brain.
Castro, E. M., Lotfipour, S., & Leslie, F. M. (2023) · Pharmacological research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106716 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Nardone, S., & Elliott, E. (2016) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00329 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Prenatal epigenetics diets play protective roles against environmental pollution
Li, S.-Z., Chen, M., Li, Y.-Y., & Tollefsbol, T. (2019) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/s13148-019-0659-4 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Epigenetics of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Siu, M. T., & Weksberg, R. (2017) · Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53889-1_4 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
DNA methylation links prenatal smoking exposure to later life health outcomes in offspring
Wiklund, P., Karhunen, V., Richmond, R. C., Parmar, P., Rodriguez, A., De Silva, M., Wielscher, M., Rezwan, F. I., Richardson, T. G., Veijola, J., et al. (2019) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/s13148-019-0683-4 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Self-citationDNA methylation as a marker for prenatal smoke exposure in adults
Richmond, R. C., Suderman, M. J., Langdon, R., Relton, C. L., & Smith, G. D. (2018) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyy091 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citationSmoking and pregnancy: Epigenetics and developmental origins of the metabolic syndrome
Rogers, J. M. (2019) · Birth Defects Research · doi:10.1002/bdr2.1550 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Vogel, C. F. A., & Haarmann‐Stemmann, T. (2017) · Current Opinion in Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.cotox.2017.02.004 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Rauschert, S., Melton, P. E., Burdge, G. C., Craig, J. M., Godfrey, K. M., Holbrook, J. D., Lillycrop, K. A., Mori, T. A., Beilin, L. J., Oddy, W. H., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00770 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Stueve, T. R., Li, W., Shi, J., Marconett, C. N., Zhang, T., Yang, C., Mullen, D. J., Yan, C., Wheeler, W., Hua, X., et al. (2017) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddx188 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Bauer, T., Trump, S., Ishaque, N., Thürmann, L., Gu, L., Bauer, M., Bieg, M., Gu, Z., Weichenhan, D., Mallm, J., et al. (2016) · Molecular Systems Biology · doi:10.15252/msb.20156520 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Vitamin C Prevents Offspring DNA Methylation Changes Associated with Maternal Smoking in Pregnancy
Shorey-Kendrick, L., McEvoy, C., Ferguson, B., Burchard, J., Park, B., Gao, L.-N., Vuylsteke, B., Milner, K., Morris, C., & Spindel, E. (2017) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201610-2141oc · Cited by 82 · see citing works
DNA Methylation Score as a Biomarker in Newborns for Sustained Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy
Reese, S. E., Zhao, S., Wu, M. C., Joubert, B. R., Parr, C. L., Håberg, S. E., Ueland, P. M., Nilsen, R. M., Midttun, Ø., Vollset, S. E., et al. (2016) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp333 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
The complex biology of aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation in cancer and beyond
Opitz, C. A., Holfelder, P., Prentzell, M. T., & Trump, S. (2023) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115798 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Serpeloni, F., Radtke, K., de Assis, S. G., Henning, F., Nätt, D., & Elbert, T. (2017) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2017.153 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Epigenetic Signatures as Biomarkers of Exposure
Ladd‐Acosta, C. (2015) · Current Environmental Health Reports · doi:10.1007/s40572-015-0051-2 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
DNA Methylation and BMI: Investigating Identified Methylation Sites at HIF3A in a Causal Framework
Richmond, R. C., Sharp, G. C., Ward, M. E., Fraser, A., Lyttleton, O., McArdle, W. L., Ring, S. M., Gaunt, T. R., Lawlor, D. A., Smith, G. D., et al. (2016) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db15-0996 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citationBauer, M., Fink, B., Thürmann, L., Eszlinger, M., Herberth, G., & Lehmann, I. (2016) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/s13148-016-0249-7 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Combined effects of ambient air pollution and home environmental factors on low birth weight
Lu, C., Zhang, W., Zheng, X., Sun, J., Chen, L., & Deng, Q. (2019) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124836 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Environmental Impact on DNA Methylation in the Germline: State of the Art and Gaps of Knowledge
Pacchierotti, F., & Spanò, M. (2015) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2015/123484 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Rzehak, P., Saffery, R., Reischl, E., Covic, M., Wahl, S., Grote, V., Xhonneux, A., Langhendries, J., Ferré, N., Closa‐Monasterolo, R., et al. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0155554 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationVaiserman, A. (2015) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/s13148-015-0130-0 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Early Life Exposures and Adult Cancer Risk
Clarke, M. A., & Joshu, C. E. (2017) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/epirev/mxx004 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Association of Neighborhood Disadvantage in Childhood With DNA Methylation in Young Adulthood
Reuben, A., Sugden, K., Arseneault, L., Corcoran, D. L., Danese, A., Fisher, H. L., Moffitt, T. E., Newbury, J. B., Odgers, C. L., Prinz, J. A., et al. (2020) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.6095 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Morales, E., Vilahur, N., Salas, L. A., Motta, V., Fernández, M. F., Murcia, M., Llop, S., Tardón, A., Fernández‐Tardón, G., Santa‐Marina, L., et al. (2016) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyw196 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Epigenetic Alterations of Maternal Tobacco Smoking during Pregnancy: A Narrative Review
Nakamura, A., François, O., & Lepeule, J. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18105083 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Esposito, E. A., Jones, M. J., Doom, J. R., MacIsaac, J. L., Gunnar, M. R., & Kobor, M. S. (2016) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579416000055 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Prenatal nicotine exposure and risk of schizophrenia among offspring in a national birth cohort
Niemelä, S., Sourander, A., Surcel, H.-M., Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki, S., McKeague, I. W., Cheslack-Postava, K., & Brown, A. S. (2016) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.15060800 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Can we observe epigenetic effects on human brain function?
Nikolova, Y. S., & Hariri, A. R. (2015) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2015.05.003 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Impact on birth weight of maternal smoking throughout pregnancy mediated by DNA methylation
Witt, S. H., Frank, J., Gilles, M., Lang, M., Treutlein, J., Streit, F., Wolf, I., Peus, V., Scharnholz, B., Send, T., et al. (2018) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/s12864-018-4652-7 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Rauschert, S., Melton, P. E., Heiskala, A., Karhunen, V., Burdge, G. C., Craig, J. M., Godfrey, K. M., Lillycrop, K. A., Mori, T. A., Beilin, L. J., et al. (2020) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp6076 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Miyake, K., Kawaguchi, A., Miura, R., Kobayashi, S., Tran, N. Q. V., Kobayashi, S., Miyashita, C., Araki, A., Kubota, T., Yamagata, Z., et al. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23772-x · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Adolescent epigenetic profiles and environmental exposures from early life through peri-adolescence
Goodrich, J. M., Dolinoy, D. C., Sánchez, B. N., Zhang, Z., Meeker, J. D., Mercado‐García, A., Solano-González, M., Hu, H., Téllez‐Rojo, M. M., & Peterson, K. E. (2016) · Current Zoology · doi:10.1093/eep/dvw018 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Vogel, C. F. A., Chang, W. L. W., Kado, S. Y., McCulloh, K. L., Vogel, H., Wu, D., Haarmann‐Stemmann, T., Yang, G., Leung, P. S. C., Matsumura, F., et al. (2016) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1510194 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Felix, J. F., & Cecil, C. A. M. (2018) · Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease · doi:10.1017/s2040174418000442 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Cohort Profile: The Saguenay Youth Study (SYS)
Pausová, Z., Paus, T., Abrahamowicz, M., Bernard, M., Gaudet, D., Leonard, G. T., Peron, M., Pike, G. B., Richer, L., Séguin, J. R., et al. (2016) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyw023 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationJung, K. H., Lovinsky‐Desir, S., Yan, B., Torrone, D., Lawrence, J., Jezioro, J. R., Perzanowski, M. S., Perera, F. P., Chillrud, S. N., & Miller, R. L. (2017) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/s13148-017-0361-3 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Albers, L., Sobotzki, C., Kuß, O., Ajslev, T., Batista, R. F., Bettiol, H., Brabin, B., Buka, S. L., Cardoso, V. C., Clifton, V. L., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-018-0050-0 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationMaternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and offspring DNA methylation in midlife
Tehranifar, P., Wu, H., McDonald, J. A., Jasmine, F., Santella, R. M., Gurvich, I., Flom, J. D., & Terry, M. B. (2017) · Epigenetics · doi:10.1080/15592294.2017.1325065 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Fragou, D., Pakkidi, E., Aschner, M., Samanidou, V., & Kovatsi, L. (2019) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.059 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Rotroff, D. M., Joubert, B. R., Marvel, S. W., Håberg, S. E., Wu, M. C., Nilsen, R. M., Ueland, P. M., Nystad, W., London, S. J., & Motsinger‐Reif, A. A. (2016) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3310-1 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The Triad Mother-Breast Milk-Infant as Predictor of Future Health: A Narrative Review
Verduci, E., Giannì, M. L., Vizzari, G., Vizzuso, S., Cerasani, J., Mosca, F., & Zuccotti, G. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13020486 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Zou, R., Boer, O. D., Felix, J. F., Muetzel, R. L., Franken, I. H. A., Cecil, C. A. M., & El Marroun, H. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.24701 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Gao, D., Wang, C., Xi, Z., Zhou, Y., Wang, Y., & Zuo, Z. (2017) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfx028 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Early Origins of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Prenatal and Early Life Risk Factors
Deolmi, M., Decarolis, N. M., Motta, M., Makrinioti, H., Fainardi, V., Pisi, G., & Esposito, S. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20032294 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
DNA Methylation Signatures as Biomarkers of Prior Environmental Exposures
Ladd‐Acosta, C., & Fallin, M. D. (2019) · Current Epidemiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s40471-019-0178-z · Cited by 51 · see citing works
van Otterdijk, S. D., Binder, A. M., & Michels, K. B. (2017) · Epigenetics · doi:10.1080/15592294.2017.1361592 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Novel DNA methylation sites associated with cigarette smoking among African Americans
Barcelona, V., Huang, Y., Brown, K., Liu, J., Zhao, W., Yu, M., Kardia, S. L. R., Smith, J. A., Taylor, J. Y., & Sun, Y. V. (2019) · Epigenetics · doi:10.1080/15592294.2019.1588683 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Epigenetic Biomarkers of Preterm Birth and Its Risk Factors
Knight, A. K., & Smith, A. K. (2016) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes7040015 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Zhang, B., Hong, X., Ji, H., Tang, W., Kimmel, M., Ji, Y., Pearson, C., ZUCKERMAN, B. S., Surkan, P. J., & Wang, X. (2018) · Epigenetics · doi:10.1080/15592294.2018.1475978 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
A Protective Role of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Repressor in Inflammation and Tumor Growth
Vogel, C. F. A., Ishihara, Y., Campbell, C. E., Kado, S. Y., Nguyen, A., Sweeney, C. A., Pollet, M., Haarmann‐Stemmann, T., & Tuscano, J. M. (2019) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers11050589 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Epigenome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Prenatal Maternal Stressful Life Events and Newborn DNA Methylation
Ruehlmann, A. K., Sammallahti, S., Hidalgo, A. P. C., Bakulski, K., Binder, E., Campbell, M., Caramaschi, D., Cecil, C., Colicino, E., Cruceanu, C., et al. (2023) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-02010-5 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Jeremias, G., Gonçalves, F. J. M., Pereira, J. L., & Asselman, J. (2020) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.12589 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Environmental Xenobiotics and Epigenetic Modifications: Implications for Human Health and Disease
Sobral, A. F., Cunha, A., Costa, I. D., Silva‐Carvalho, M., Silva, R., & Barbosa, D. J. (2025) · Journal of Xenobiotics · doi:10.3390/jox15040118 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
In utero and childhood exposure to tobacco smoke and multi-layer molecular signatures in children
Vives-Usano, M., Hernandéz-Ferrer, C., Maître, L., Ruiz-Arenas, C., Andrušaitytė, S., Borràs, E., Carracedo, Á., Casas, M., Chatzi, L., Coen, M., et al. (2020) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-020-01686-8 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Martin, E. M., & Fry, R. C. (2016) · Current Zoology · doi:10.1093/eep/dvv011 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Ghantous, A., Hernández‐Vargas, H., Byrnes, G. B., Dwyer, T., & Herceg, Z. (2015) · Mutagenesis · doi:10.1093/mutage/gev010 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Li, X., Zhang, B., Fu, Y., Yang, A., Zhang, H., Zhang, H., Niu, Y., Nie, J., & Yang, J. (2019) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/s12940-019-0508-0 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Genetic and Environmental Impacts on DNA Methylation Levels in Twins
Yet, I., Tsai, P.-C., Castillo-Fernandez, J. E., Carnero-Montoro, E., & Bell, J. T. (2016) · Epigenomics · doi:10.2217/epi.15.90 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Recent advances in understanding the neurobiology of childhood socioeconomic disadvantage
Holz, N. E., Laucht, M., & Meyer‐Lindenberg, A. (2015) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0000000000000178 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA Alterations in Newborns with Prenatal Exposure to Cigarette Smoke
Pirini, F., Guida, E., Lawson, F. P., Mancinelli, A., & Guerrero-Preston, R. E. (2015) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph120201135 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Gonseth, S., de Smith, A. J., Roy, R., Zhou, M., Lee, S., Shao, X., Ohja, J., Wrensch, M., Walsh, K. M., Metayer, C., et al. (2016) · Epigenetics · doi:10.1080/15592294.2016.1209614 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Gene x environment interactions in conduct disorder: Implications for future treatments
Holz, N. E., Zohsel, K., Laucht, M., Banaschewski, T., Hohmann, S., & Brandeis, D. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.017 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Epigenetic Biomarkers for Environmental Exposures and Personalized Breast Cancer Prevention
Park, H. L. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17041181 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Association of maternal prenatal smoking GFI1-locus and cardio-metabolic phenotypes in 18,212 adults
Parmar, P., Lowry, E., Cugliari, G., Suderman, M. J., Wilson, R., Karhunen, V., Andrew, T., Wiklund, P., Wielscher, M., Guarrera, S., et al. (2018) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.10.066 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationEpigenetics as a Biomarker for Early-Life Environmental Exposure
Schrott, R., Song, A., & Ladd‐Acosta, C. (2022) · Current Environmental Health Reports · doi:10.1007/s40572-022-00373-5 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
An Efficient Approach to Screening Epigenome-Wide Data
Ray, M. A., Tong, X., Lockett, G. A., Zhang, H., & Karmaus, W. (2016) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2016/2615348 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Fuemmeler, B. F., Dozmorov, M. G., Do, E. K., Zhang, J. J., Grenier, C., Huang, Z., Maguire, R. L., Kollins, S. H., Hoyo, C., & Murphy, S. K. (2021) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp8099 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
França, C. M. P., Sallum, A. M. E., Braga, A. L. F., Strufaldi, F. L., Silva, C. A., & Farhat, S. C. L. (2017) · The Journal of Rheumatology · doi:10.3899/jrheum.161500 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Richmond, R. C., Timpson, N. J., & Sørensen, T. I. A. (2015) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyv066 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationOdintsova, V. V., Rebattu, V., Hagenbeek, F. A., Pool, R., Beck, J. J., Ehli, E. A., van Beijsterveldt, C. E. M., Ligthart, L., Willemsen, G. A. H. M., de Geus, E. J. C., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.688464 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Prenatal Maternal Smoke, DNA Methylation, and Multi-omics of Tissues and Child Health
Cosín-Tomás, M., Cilleros-Portet, A., Aguilar-Lacasaña, S., Fernández-Jiménez, N., & Bustamante, M. (2022) · Current Environmental Health Reports · doi:10.1007/s40572-022-00361-9 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Jamshed, L., Perono, G. A., Jamshed, S., & Holloway, A. C. (2020) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfaa127 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Coluccio, L. M. (2020) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-38062-5_12 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Miyake, K., Kushima, M., Shinohara, R., Horiuchi, S., Otawa, S., Akiyama, Y., Ooka, T., Kojima, R., Yokomichi, H., Yamagata, Z., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-30304-9 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Insights from epigenetic studies on human health and evolution
Mulligan, C. J. (2018) · Current Opinion in Genetics & Development · doi:10.1016/j.gde.2018.06.008 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Fa, S., Larsen, T. V., Bilde, K., Daugaard, T. F., Ernst, E. H., Olesen, R. H., Mamsen, L. S., Ernst, E., Larsen, A., & Nielsen, A. L. (2016) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/s13148-016-0296-0 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Methylation marks of prenatal exposure to maternal smoking and risk of cancer in adulthood
Dugué, P., Hodge, A. M., Wong, E. M., Joo, J.-H. E., Jung, C., Hopper, J. L., English, D. R., Giles, G. G., Milne, R. L., & Southey, M. C. (2020) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyaa210 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Miyake, K., Miyashita, C., Araki, A., Miura, R., Itoh, S., Yamazaki, K., Kobayashi, S., Masuda, H., Ooka, T., Yamagata, Z., et al. (2021) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/s13148-021-01063-z · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Su, K., Li, M., Lee, N.-W., Ho, B., Cheng, C.-L., Chuang, Y.-C., Yu, S., & Guo, Y. L. (2019) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.001 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Gitik, M., Holliday, E. D., Leung, M., Yuan, Q., Logue, S. F., Tikkanen, R., Goldman, D., & Gould, T. J. (2018) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2018.08.009 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Schwartz, S. S., & Amrom, D. (2023) · Current Diabetes Reviews · doi:10.2174/1573399818666220422085016 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Epigenome-Wide Association Study of Wellbeing
Baselmans, B. M. L., van Dongen, J., Nivard, M. G., Lin, B. D., Zilhäo, N. R., Boomsma, D. I., & Bartels, M. (2015) · Twin Research and Human Genetics · doi:10.1017/thg.2015.85 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Fa, S., Larsen, T. V., Bilde, K., Daugaard, T. F., Ernst, E. H., Lykke‐Hartmann, K., Olesen, R. H., Mamsen, L. S., Ernst, E., Larsen, A., et al. (2017) · Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.etap.2017.11.007 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Anti-cancer therapy is associated with long-term epigenomic changes in childhood cancer survivors
Robinson, N., Casement, J., Gunter, M. J., Huybrechts, I., Agudo, A., Rodríguez‐Barranco, M., Eichelmann, F., Johnson, T., Kaaks, R., Pala, V. M., et al. (2022) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41416-022-01792-9 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Richmond, R. C., & Joubert, B. R. (2017) · Epigenomics · doi:10.2217/epi-2016-0135 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationGao, L., Liu, X., Millstein, J., Siegmund, K. D., Dubeau, L., Maguire, R. L., Zhang, J. J., Fuemmeler, B. F., Kollins, S. H., Hoyo, C., et al. (2018) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/s13148-018-0532-x · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Peng, C., den Dekker, M. A. M., Cárdenas, A., Rifas‐Shiman, S. L., Luttmann‐Gibson, H., Agha, G., Harris, M. H., Coull, B. A., Schwartz, J. D., Litonjua, A. A., et al. (2018) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp2034 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Röhl, A., Baek, S. H., Kachroo, P., Morrow, J. D., Tantisira, K. G., Silverman, E. K., Weiss, S. T., Sharma, A., Glass, K., & DeMeo, D. L. (2022) · Respiratory Research · doi:10.1186/s12931-022-01963-5 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lee, K. W. K., Richmond, R., Hu, P., French, L., Shin, J., Bourdon, C., Reischl, E., Waldenberger, M., Zeilinger, S., Gaunt, T., McArdle, W., Ring, S., Woodward, G., Bouchard, L., Gaudet, D., Smith, G. D., Relton, C., Paus, T., & Pausova, Z.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Helmholtz Munich (DE)
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO)
- Université de Sherbrooke (CA)
- Hôpital de Chicoutimi (CA)
- Rotman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- ORCID
- Venue
- Environmental Health Perspectives
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2014-10-17
- Volume
- 123
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 193-199
- ISSN
- 0091-6765 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-9924
- PMC
- PMC4314251
- OpenAlex
- W1972219651
- Cited by
- 186
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 9.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- public-domain
- creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 1169 d)
- Locations
- Environmental Health Perspectives (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (publishedVersion)
- Site cant be reached (submittedVersion)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (102215, 092731)
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Medical Research Council (MC_PC_15018)
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/I025263/1, BB/I025751/1)
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/L003023/1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Keywords
- maternal cigarette smoking, prenatal tobacco exposure, DNA methylation, epigenome-wide association study, CNTNAP2, CYP1A1, AHRR, GFI1, adolescent development, childhood, birth cohort, transgenerational epigenetic effects, smoking during pregnancy, CpG sites, offspring outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, England, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Quebec, Smoking, Cohort Studies, Maternal Exposure, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic, Genome-Wide Association Study
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review