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Infections as a major preventable cause of human cancer
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Abstract. Kuper H, Adami H‐O & Trichopoulos D (Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; University of Athens Medical School, Greece). Infections as a major preventable cause of human cancer (Internal Medicine in the 21st Century). J Intern Med 2000; 248: 171–183. Infections may be responsible for over 15% of all malignancies worldwide. Important mechanisms by which infectious agents may induce carcinogenesis include the production of chronic inflammation, the transformation of cells by insertion of oncogenes and inhibition of tumour suppressors, and the induction of immunosuppression. Common characteristics shared by infectious agents linked to malignancies are that they are persistent in the host, often highly prevalent in the host population and induce cancer after a long latency. The associations between a selection of infectious agents and malignancies are covered in detail.
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In the citing paper
“Many cancers arise from sites of infection, chronic irritation and inflammation.”
From Inflammation and cancer (2002) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Tumour cells produce various cytokines and chemokines that attract leukocytes.”
From Inflammation and cancer (2002) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“The Gram-negative bacterium H. pylori is established as a definite carcinogen for the development of gastric cancer — the second most common type of cancer globally11,29 — and DNA damage resulting from chronic inflammation is believed the mechanism32.”
From Inflammation and cancer (2002) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Genetic and functional experiments indicate that neutrophils, mast cells, eosinophils and activated T lymphocytes also contribute to malignancies by releasing extracellular proteases, pro-angiogenic factors and chemokines11,23–26.”
From Inflammation and cancer (2002) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Indeed, there is a growing body of evidence that many malignancies are initiated by infections11,27–29 (Table 1) — upwards of 15% of malignancies worldwide can be attributed to infections, a global total of 1.2 million cases per year11.”
From Inflammation and cancer (2002) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Indeed, there is a growing body of evidence that many malignancies are initiated by infections11,27–29 (Table 1) — upwards of 15% of malignancies worldwide can be attributed to infections, a global total of 1.2 million cases per year11.”
From Inflammation and cancer (2002) · cites this paper as [11]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kuper, H., Adami, H. ‐., & Trichopoulos, D.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2000-09
- Volume
- 248
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 171-183
- ISSN
- 0954-6820 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2796
- OpenAlex
- W2159454395
- Cited by
- 740
- References
- 109
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 0.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Otorhinolaryngology › Head and Neck Cancer Studies
- Keywords
- infection, cancer prevention, carcinogenesis, chronic inflammation, oncogenes, tumour suppressor, immunosuppression, persistent infection, tumor latency
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Clonorchiasis, Humans, Neoplasms, Primary Prevention, Schistosomiasis, Virus Diseases, Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter Infections
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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