Cited by 775Gut microbiota and healthGastrointestinal motility and disordersOral microbiology and periodontitis research

Mechanisms and consequences of intestinal dysbiosis

Open access
Weiss, G. Adrienne, Hennet, Thierry·2017·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences

Abstract

The composition of the gut microbiota is in constant flow under the influence of factors such as the diet, ingested drugs, the intestinal mucosa, the immune system, and the microbiota itself. Natural variations in the gut microbiota can deteriorate to a state of dysbiosis when stress conditions rapidly decrease microbial diversity and promote the expansion of specific bacterial taxa. The mechanisms underlying intestinal dysbiosis often remain unclear given that combinations of natural variations and stress factors mediate cascades of destabilizing events. Oxidative stress, bacteriophages induction and the secretion of bacterial toxins can trigger rapid shifts among intestinal microbial groups thereby yielding dysbiosis. A multitude of diseases including inflammatory bowel diseases but also metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes type II are associated with intestinal dysbiosis. The characterization of the changes leading to intestinal dysbiosis and the identification of the microbial taxa contributing to pathological effects are essential prerequisites to better understand the impact of the microbiota on health and disease.

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Crossref · 10.1007/s00018-017-2509-x

Cites

248 of 248 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • The intestinal microbiota affects the functionality of various organs such as brain, liver, pancreas, intestine, and heart.

    “Regardless of balance, intestinal microbiota affects the functionality of various organs such as brain, liver, pancreas, intestine, and heart (60, 61).”
  • The immune system and the intestinal microbiota play a symbiotic function, maintaining a picture of non-inflammatory homeostasis.

    “In addition, the immune system and the intestinal microbiota play a symbiotic function, maintaining a picture of non-inflammatory homeostasis: in cases of intestinal dysbiosis, there is an activation of the immune system, which leads to changes in the host's immunity.”
  • In intestinal dysbiosis, activation of the immune system leads to changes in the host's immunity, which can impair maturation of the innate immune system or lead to autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes.

    “These changes can impair the maturation of the innate immune system or lead to autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes (61).”

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Authors
Weiss, G. A., & Hennet, T.
Affiliations
University of Zurich (CH)
Corresponding author
Hennet, Thierry
Venue
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
Published
2017-03-28
Volume
74
Issue
16
Pages
2959-2977
ISSN
  • 1420-682X (ISSN-L)
  • 1420-9071
OpenAlex
W2599453585
Cited by
775
References
249
Citations by year
2026: 86 · 2025: 145 · 2024: 124 · 2023: 112 · 2022: 121 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 59 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 7
FWCI
2.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
Funders
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (CRSII3_154488/1)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Keywords
gut dysbiosis, gut microbiota, microbial diversity, oxidative stress, bacteriophage induction, bacterial toxins, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, host-microbe interactions
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Diet, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Humans, Immunity, Intestinal Mucosa, Intestines, Oxidative Stress, Inflammasomes, Dysbiosis

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