CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 71Stuttering Research and TreatmentLanguage Development and DisordersObsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders

Psychosocial Impact of Living with a Stuttering Disorder: Knowing Is Not Enough.

Open access
Beilby, Janet·2014·Seminars in Speech and Language
DOI 10.1055/s-0034-1371756
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Stuttering requires a multidimensional perspective given that, in recent years, researchers have shown the impact of the disorder to reach far beyond the surface components with demonstrated psychosocial and anxiety effects for the individual living with a stutter. This article explores the impact a stuttering disorder has on the individual (child, adolescent, and adult) and on their family members (siblings, parents, and partners). These experiences include behavioral and social difficulties, self-awareness, reactions to stuttering, communication difficulties in daily situations, and overall quality of life. The influence of stuttering on the most intimate relationships of the person who stutters is presented. An overview of stuttering across the life span is discussed in terms of stuttering in children and adolescents, and the significant levels of adverse impact as a result of living with a stutter are described. In addition, the impact that the stuttering disorder has on the parents and siblings of children who stutter is also detailed through significant findings pertaining to lack of attachment and trust between the young people and their parents. The responsibilities and demands on parents and siblings in the family context are highlighted. Focus is also placed on the experience of living with a person who stutters from the perspective of their life partner. Perceived quality of life is explored with unexpected differences recounted between the quality of life experienced by the adult who stutters and their partner's perceptions of this disorder. Finally, the potential for a novel Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for individuals who stutter is presented.

AI snapshot

Written from the paper’s full text.

TL;DR

This clinical review argues that stuttering is multidimensional, with psychosocial consequences that extend beyond speech surface features to children, adolescents, siblings, parents, and partners. It concludes that documenting these impacts is not sufficient and presents integrated Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as a promising treatment direction.

Key findings

  • In a matched comparison of 95 children/adolescents who stutter and 95 fluent peers, those who stutter reported lower quality of life, greater adverse social impact, more negative speech-related reactions, and more daily communication difficulty. For children, stuttered speech frequency was associated with self-awareness/knowledge of stuttering, but for adolescents it was not significantly correlated with other OASES sections.
  • A sibling study involving 12 stuttering sibling dyads, 12 fluent control dyads, and their parents (96 participants total) found that fluent siblings had strong positive and negative emotions independent of the stuttering child’s severity; three-quarters had discussed stuttering with parents, but only one sibling’s own feelings had been sought. Stuttering dyads showed greater closeness alongside more conflict and status disparity, and parents showed greater partiality toward the child who stutters.
  • In a parent study of 10 school-aged children who stutter and 20 parents versus 10 fluent children and 20 parents, no significant parenting-style differences emerged, but parents rated children who stutter as having more behavior difficulties, and children who stutter rated parents lower on attachment and trust. Children also reported frustration with how parents managed and disclosed their stuttering.
  • Among 20 couples, adults who stutter and their partners reported similar stuttering knowledge, personal reactions, and communication impact; nearly half of partners described overprotection and distress watching their loved one speak. No relationship was found between the two groups in perceived quality-of-life impact, suggesting partners may underestimate the adverse impact. In a separate ACT program with 20 adults who stutter (10 men, 10 women), participants showed significant reductions in adverse impact, increased readiness for change, improved mindfulness, and reduced stuttering frequency, maintained at 3 months.

Methods

  • Design: A narrative clinical review summarizing a program of research from the Curtin Stuttering Treatment Clinic, combining matched-control group comparisons, family-focused qualitative and quantitative studies, and an integrated ACT effectiveness study.
  • Samples: 95 children/adolescents who stutter versus 95 fluent peers; 12 stuttering sibling dyads plus 12 fluent control dyads and parents (96 total); 10 children who stutter and 20 parents versus 10 fluent children and 20 parents; 20 couples including an adult who stutters; and 20 adults who stutter in the ACT program.
  • Analysis: Group comparisons, correlations between stuttering frequency and psychosocial measures, qualitative thematic analysis of family and partner experiences, and pre-post ACT outcomes with 3-month maintenance.

Limitations

  • The paper does not state explicit limitations.
  • Evident from the text: this is a narrative/clinical overview rather than a systematic review, and several summarized studies use small samples (e.g., 10 children and 20 parents; 12 sibling dyads; 20 couples; 20 adults), with some described as preliminary.
  • Evident from the text: most findings come from one specialized Western Australian clinic, and the cross-sectional family studies cannot establish causal direction between stuttering and relationship or psychosocial outcomes.

Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1055/s-0034-1371756

Cites

79 of 79 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Claims the paper makes

0 of 39 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged

  • Findingnone given

    Young people who were fluent also had some degree of negative reaction to their speaking ability.

    “An important clinical implication emerged from the finding that young people who were fluent also had some degree of negative reaction to their speaking ability.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingnone given

    The complexities of the stuttering disorder and its impact on life relationships were reported by every participant and their parents alike.

    “The complexities of the stuttering disorder and its impact on life relationships were reported by every participant and their parents alike.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    Fluent siblings exhibited strong emotions regarding their sibling who stutters, both positive and negative.

    “Fluent siblings exhibited strong emotions regarding their sibling who stutters-both positive and negative.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    The emotions described by the fluent sibling appeared independent of the stuttering severity ratings of their siblings.

    “The emotions described by the fluent sibling appeared independent of the stuttering severity ratings of their siblings, with children with mild stuttering generating the same reactions as those with severe stuttered speech.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    People who stutter and their fluent partners reported similar personal reactions to stuttering.

    “similar personal reactions to stuttering”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • May combine two claims. 17
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 9
  • The quote only partly states this claim. 1

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingnone given

    Young people who stutter have greater concerns about speaking and magnified affective, behavioral, and cognitive reactions to speaking, and significantly compromised communication in daily situations.

    “They have greater concerns about speaking and magnified affective, behavioral, and cognitive reactions to speaking and significantly compromised communication in daily situations.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Discussions with parents focused on ways to help the child who stutters, but the fluent sibling's insights and potential difficulties were not addressed.

    “The discussions with parents focused on ways to help the child who stutters, but the fluent sibling's insights and potential difficulties were not addressed.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Fluent siblings reported being frustrated by the child who stutters, but also being upset when they were bullied or teased by others.

    “Fluent siblings reported being frustrated by the child who stutters, but also being upset when they were bullied or teased by others.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Findingown data

    Qualitative results indicated that the participants shared life experiences regarding reactions to stuttering.

    “Qualitative results indicated that the participants shared life experiences regarding reactions to stuttering.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingnone given

    Half of the siblings often served as protection for the child who stuttered and identified this as a positive role.

    “Half of the siblings often served as protection for the child who stuttered and identified this as a positive role with the potential to educate others.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Most fluent spouses encouraged their spouse to seek therapy and described the support they provided regarding the range of decisions their partner made in the pursuit of fluency.

    “Further, most fluent spouses encouraged their spouse to seek therapy and described the support they provided regarding the range of decisions their partner made in the pursuit of fluency.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Three-quarters of siblings reported discussing stuttering with their parents, but only one child reported that their feelings and impressions about stuttering had been sought.

    “Three-quarters of the siblings reported that they had discussed stuttering with their parents, but only one child explained that their feelings and impressions about stuttering had been sought.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • The quote only partly states this claim.

    Findingnone given

    People who stutter and their fluent partners reported a similar degree to which stuttering affects communication.

    “a similar degree to which stuttering affects communication”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Children who stutter reported friends who helped them with their speech, and appreciation of these attempts.

    “They also reported friends who helped them with their speech, and appreciation of these attempts to help manage their fluency.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Children who stutter and their siblings demonstrated significantly greater closeness, and concurrently increased conflict and status disparity, than fluent sibling dyads.

    “Children who stutter and their siblings demonstrated significantly greater closeness, and concurrently, increased conflict and status disparity, than did the fluent sibling dyads.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingnone given

    The majority of children who stutter reported that their friends were aware of the stutter, but were not unduly concerned by it.

    “The majority of children who stutter reported that their friends were aware of the stutter, but were not unduly concerned by it.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Young people who stutter reported frustration with how their parents attempted to shape their fluency and how parents disclosed information regarding their stuttering.

    “Young people who stutter reported frustration not only with the ways their parents attempted to shape their fluency but also with how the parents disclosed information regarding their stuttering.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    Stuttering has been described as a speech motor disorder that interrupts the timing and/or coordination between the respiratory, laryngeal, and vocal tract subsystems of speech.

    “It is well known that stuttering has been described as a speech motor disorder that interrupts the timing and/or coordination between the respiratory, laryngeal, and vocal tract subsystems of speech.[1][2][3][4][5][6]”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites [1] 1. Caruso A, Max L, McClowry M. Perspectives on stuttering as a motor speech disorder. In: Caruso A, Strand E, eds. Clinical Management of Motor Speech Disorders in Children. New York, NY: Thieme; 1999:319-325
    • cites [2] 2. Kent RD. Research on speech motor control and its disorders: a review and prospective. J Commun Disord 2000;33(5):391-427, quiz 428

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites [3] 3. Nudelman HB, Herbrich KE, Hess KR, Hoyt BD, Rosenfield DB. A model of the phonatory response time of stutterers and fluent speakers to frequency- modulated tones. J Acoust Soc Am 1992;92(4 Pt 1): 1882-1888 source

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    Other authors have described cognitive, linguistic, and psycholinguistic components of stuttering that can influence a person's overall communicative competence.

    “However, other authors have described the cognitive, linguistic, and psycholinguistic components of the disorder that can influence a person's overall communicative competence.7,8”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites [7] 7. Healey EC, Scott-Trautman L, Susca M. Clinical applications of a multidisciplinary approach for the assessment and treatment of stuttering. Contemp Issues Commun Sci Disord 2004;31:40-48 source
    • cites [8] 8. Wall M, Myers F. Clinical Management of Child- hood Stuttering. Baltimore, MD: University Park Press; 1984

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Children who stutter are aware of their stuttering shortly after its onset, and social interaction can be impaired from an early age.

    “Parental reports have indicated that children who stutter are aware of their stuttering shortly after its onset, and thus social interaction can be impaired from an early age.30,31”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites [30] 30. Ambrose NG, Yairi E. The development of aware- ness of stuttering in preschool children. J Fluency Disord 1994;19(4):229-245 source
    • cites [31] 31. Packman A, Onslow M, Attanasio J. The timing of early intervention in the Lidcombe Program. In: Onslow M, Packman A, Harrison E, eds. The Lidcombe Program of Early Stuttering Interven- tion. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed; 2003:41-55

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Stuttering has the potential to elicit ridicule, embarrassment, frustration, and/or pity from the listener, and is associated with some degree of fear, anxiety, and/or frustration in the person who stutters.

    “The nature of stuttering has the potential to elicit ridicule, embarrassment, frustration, and/or pity from the listener; therefore, it is inevitable that it is associated with some degree of fear, anxiety, and/or frustration in the person who stutters.[20][21][22][23]”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites [20] 20. Bloodstein O, Bernstein Ratner N. A Handbook on Stuttering. 6th ed. Clifton Park, NY: Thomson Delmar Learning; 2008

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites [21] 21. Lincoln M, Onslow M, Menzies R. Beliefs about stuttering and anxiety: research and implications. Australian Journal of Human Communication Disorders 1996;24:3-10 source
    • cites [22] 22. Menzies R, Onslow M, Packman A. Anxiety and stuttering: exploring a complex relationship. Am J Speech Lang Pathol 1999;8(1):3-10 source

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Interpretationreasoning

    Stuttering includes core surface speech elements, such as repetitions, prolongations, and cessations of sounds, interwoven with covert or affective components such as stress, anxiety, and negative reactions to speaking.

    “The pervasive nature of stuttering defies a uniform definition, however, because stuttering includes core surface speech elements, such as repetitions, prolongations, and cessations of sounds interwoven with elements that exist below the surface.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Family-centered interventions are useful and effective, but dependence on parents-as-clinicians may produce increased pressure in the home.

    “Family-centered interventions are useful and effective, but such dependence on parents-as-clinicians may produce increased pressure in the home.47,50”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites [47] 47. Barr J, McLeod S, Daniel G. Siblings of children with speech impairment: cavalry on the hill. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch 2008;39(1):21-32 source
    • cites [50] 50. Pratt C, Botting N, Conti-Ramsden G. The characteristics and concerns of mothers of adoles- cents with a history of SLI. Child Lang Teach Ther 2006;22(2):177-196 source

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Researchers and clinicians have argued for a more expansive model of stuttering that includes psychosocial impact.

    “Researchers and clinicians have argued for a more expansive model of stuttering, which presents not only the surface behaviors in an individual's speech but also the psychosocial impact or consequences stuttering has on their life.19,[24][25][26][27][28]”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites [19] 19. Yaruss JS, Quesal RW. Stuttering and the interna- tional classification of functioning, disability, and health: an update. J Commun Disord 2004;37(1): 35-52 source
    • cites [24] 24. Cooper EB, Cooper CS. Clinician attitudes to- wards stuttering: two decades of change. J Fluency Disord 1996;21(2):119-135 source
    • cites [25] 25. Gabel RM. Effects of stuttering severity and ther- apy involvement on attitudes towards people who stutter. J Fluency Disord 2006;31(3):216-227

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Children who stutter experience more negative attitudes toward speech than normally fluent children, even as young as 3 and 4 years of age, and these negative attitudes appear to worsen with age and stuttering severity.

    “Children who stutter have been found to experience more negative attitudes toward speech than those who are normally fluent, even as young as 3 and 4 years of age, and these negative attitudes appear to worsen with age and stuttering severity.[32][33][34][35][36][37]”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites [32] 32. De Nil LF, Brutten G. Speech-associated attitudes, stuttering, voice disordered, articulation disor- dered, and normal speaking children. J Fluency Disord 1990;15(2):127-134

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites [33] 33. De Nil LF, Brutten GJ. Speech-associated atti- tudes of stuttering and nonstuttering children. J Speech Hear Res 1991;34(1):60-66

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites [34] 34. Vanryckeghem M. The communication attitude test: a concordancy investigation of stuttering and nonstuttering children and their parents. J Fluency Disord 1995;20:191-203

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    A more complete understanding of the therapy process is achieved by involving the spouse from the outset.

    “A more complete understanding of the therapy process is achieved by involving the spouse from the outset.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
    • Rests on an assumption: Over their lifetime, the partner usually spends more time with the person who stutters than anyone else.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Efforts to repress undesired thoughts may be unworkable and even counterproductive.

    “The literature, however, indicates that efforts to repress undesired thoughts may be unworkable and even counterproductive.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [74][75][76]

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    ACT as a treatment option has been shown to expand behavioral choices, reduce emotional reactivity, and improve quality of life for individuals having chronic medical and psychological issues in other disorders.

    “ACT as a treatment option has been shown to expand behavioral choices, reduce emotional reactivity, and improve quality of life for individuals having chronic medical and psychological issues in other disorders.[78][79][80]”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [78][79][80]

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    The research presented in this article has highlighted the need and value for stuttering treatments to include a psychosocial management component.

    “The research presented in this article has highlighted the need and value for stuttering treatments to include a psychosocial management component.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    The demonstrated impacts that stuttering evokes provide the groundwork for treatments that support psychological flexibility.

    “The demonstrated impacts that stuttering evokes, provide the groundwork for treatments that support psychological flexibility.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Efforts to eradicate unwanted thoughts seem to highlight and reinforce them further, which results in increases in unwanted thoughts especially in times of stress.

    “Efforts to eradicate unwanted thoughts seem to highlight and reinforce them further, which results in increases in unwanted thoughts especially in times of stress.[74][75][76]”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [74][75][76]

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    Our findings provide support for a broadbased clinical program for adults who stutter that includes the fluent partner as a support in their treatment efforts.

    “Our findings provide support for a broadbased clinical program for adults who stutter that includes the fluent partner as a support in their treatment efforts.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
    • Rests on an assumption: A positive treatment outcome for an individual is directly related to the family's commitment to and involvement in the treatment process.
27 of 27

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    To date, research has not delineated the nature or extent of the negative impact that stuttered speech has on school-aged children and adolescents.

    “To date, research has not delineated the nature or extent of the negative impact that stuttered speech has on the vulnerable schoolaged and adolescent age groups.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    The impact of stuttering and stuttering therapy on siblings of a child who stutters and the subsequent quality of the sibling relationship had previously not been thoroughly explored.

    “Despite these findings, the impact of stuttering and stuttering therapy on the siblings of a child who stutters and the subsequent quality of the sibling relationship had previously not been thoroughly explored.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    It is not necessarily clear which aspects of the experience of stuttering are unique to stuttering and which are part of growing up.

    “These ages represent times of change in young people's lives, and it is not necessarily clear which aspects of the experience of stuttering are unique to stuttering and which are perhaps just part of growing up and learning to communicate with others.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Many people have unfavorable impressions of their speaking ability.

    “Many people have unfavorable impressions of their speaking ability.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    School-aged children between 6 and 12 years old have unique psychosocial, affective, and behavioral developmental patterns that set them aside from preschoolers and adolescents.

    “School-aged children between the ages of 6 and 12 years old have unique psychosocial, affective, and behavioral developmental patterns that set them aside from preschoolers and adolescents.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    School-aged children demonstrate preliminary notions about their sense of self and personal identity in a growing awareness of future socialization.

    “School-aged children also demonstrate preliminary notions about their sense of self and personal identity in a growing awareness of future socialization.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Therapy traditionally has focused on what the parent can do to help their child rather than on the crisis created for the family by the child who stutters.

    “Therapy traditionally has focused on what the parent can do to help their child rather than on the crisis created for the family by the child who stutters.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    There is limited information about the impact of stuttering on the intimate relationship between an adult who stutters and their life partner, and specific issues about how stuttering affects fluent partners' quality of life or how a fluent partner affects the person who stutters have yet to be examined.

    “However, there is limited information regarding the impact on the most intimate relationship of all-that between the adult who stutters and their life partner.”
    “Still, specific issues related to how a stuttering disorder might affect the quality of life of fluent partners, or how the presence of a fluent partner might affect an individual who stutters, have yet to be examined.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    A positive treatment outcome for an individual is directly related to the family's commitment to and involvement in the treatment process.

    “Across disciplines, the literature indicates that a positive treatment outcome for an individual is directly related to the family's commitment to and involvement in the treatment process.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Over their lifetime, the partner usually spends more time with the person who stutters than anyone else.

    “Over their lifetime, the partner usually spends more time with this person than anyone else.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    No research had investigated how the core processes of an integrated ACT model could help adults who stutter deal with the impact of the disorder more effectively.

    “To date, however, no research had investigated how the core processes of an integrated ACT model could help adults who stutter deal with the impact of the disorder”
    “no research had investigated how the core processes of an integrated ACT model could help adults who stutter deal with the impact of the disorder more effectively.”
11 of 11

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.

  • Sibling discussions are described in opposite ways

    Minor

    The paper says three-quarters of siblings had discussed stuttering with their parents, then says it had not been discussed with the vast majority. The finding that only one sibling was asked about their feelings does not support the broader claim that stuttering itself was not discussed.

1 of 1

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

4 of the 83 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 11

  1. [11]11. Cooper EB. Chronic perseverative stuttering syn- drome: a harmful or helpful construct? Am J Speech Lang Pathol 1993;2:11-15
  2. [12]12. Manning WH. Progress under the surface and over time. In: Bernstein Ratner N, Healey C, eds. Stuttering Research and Practice: Bridging the Gap. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum, Inc.; 1999:123-130
  3. [13]13. Murphy WP. A preliminary look at shame, guilt, and stuttering. In: Bernstein-Ratner N, Healey EC, eds. Stuttering Research and Practice: Bridg- ing the Gap. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Inc.; 1999:131-143
  4. [23]23. Reitzes P. Providing mentors, role models, and peer support for children who stutter. J Stutt Ther . Advocacy Res 2006;1:16-28
  5. [31]31. Packman A, Onslow M, Attanasio J. The timing of early intervention in the Lidcombe Program. In: Onslow M, Packman A, Harrison E, eds. The Lidcombe Program of Early Stuttering Interven- tion. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed; 2003:41-55
  6. [40]40. Yaruss JS, Quesal RW, Coleman C. Overall As- sessment of the Speakers' Experience of Stutter- ing-Standard Interview. San Antonio, TX: Pearson; 2010
  7. [45]45. Seligman M, Darling R. Ordinary Families: Special Children. 2nd ed. New York, NY: The Guilford Press; 1997
  8. [48]48. Russell C, Russell C, Russell M. We're here too: supporting "sibs" of children with special needs. Except Parent 2003;33:36-39
  9. [64]64. Boberg E, Kully D. Comprehensive Stuttering Program. San Diego, CA: College-Hill Press; 1985
  10. [76]76. Wenzlaff RM, Wegner DM. Thought suppres- sion. Annu Rev Psychol 2000;51:59-91
  11. [78]78. Donaldson-Fielder EJ, Bond FW. Psychological acceptance and emotional intelligence in relation to workplace well-being. Br J Guid Counc 2004; 32(2):187-203

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Beilby, J.
Affiliations
Curtin University (AU)
Corresponding author
Beilby, Janet
ORCID
Beilby, Janet
Venue
Seminars in Speech and Language
Publisher
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Published
2014-04-29
Volume
35
Issue
02
Pages
132-143
ISSN
  • 0734-0478 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-9056
DOI
10.1055/s-0034-1371756
OpenAlex
W2032151090
Cited by
71
References
83
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1
FWCI
2.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Seminars in Speech and Language (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Stuttering Research and Treatment
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
Keywords
stuttering, psychosocial impact, quality of life, family impact, siblings, romantic partners, communication difficulties, self-awareness, anxiety, attachment, acceptance and commitment therapy, lifespan development
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Object Attachment, Quality of Life, Sibling Relations, Social Adjustment, Stuttering, Parenting, Spouses

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Claims read by deepseek-v4.1-flash under definition version 3 (extract-v3) on 2026-10-11.

Classified by jev-1.13-20260917 (gold-guideline-v0.2) on 2026-10-11.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review