Anterior temporal lobes mediate semantic representation: Mimicking semantic dementia by using rTMS in normal participants
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Studies of semantic dementia and PET neuroimaging investigations suggest that the anterior temporal lobes (ATL) are a critical substrate for semantic representation. In stark contrast, classical neurological models of comprehension do not include ATL, and likewise functional MRI studies often fail to show activations in the ATL, reinforcing the classical view. Using a novel application of low-frequency, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the ATL, we demonstrate that the behavioral pattern of semantic dementia can be mirrored in neurologically intact participants: Specifically, we show that temporary disruption to neural processing in the ATL produces a selective semantic impairment leading to significant slowing in both picture naming and word comprehension but not to other equally demanding, nonsemantic cognitive tasks.
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The anterior temporal lobe supports language as a heteromodal association area involved in concept representation, and the right anterior temporal lobe has been implicated in representing abstract social concepts.
“The ATL supports language as a heteromodal association area involved in the representation of concepts (Lambon Ralph et al. 2009; Pobric et al. 2007; Rogers et al. 2004) and the right ATL has been implicated in the representation of abstract social concepts (e.g., Zahn et al. 2009).”
From The brain basis of emotion: a meta-analytic review (2012) · cites this paper as Pobric et al. 2007
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- Authors
- Pobric, G., Jefferies, E., & Ralph, M. A. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2007-12-11
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- 50
- Pages
- 20137-20141
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2148435
- OpenAlex
- W2169670326
- Cited by
- 398
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 7.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (078734/Z05/Z)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- anterior temporal lobe, semantic representation, semantic dementia, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, semantic impairment, picture naming, word comprehension, semantic processing
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Dementia, Female, Health, Humans, Male, Semantics, Temporal Lobe, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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