Cited by 323Tactile and Sensory InteractionsMultisensory perception and integrationAction Observation and Synchronization

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Primary somatosensory cortex discriminates affective significance in social touch

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Gazzola, Valeria, Spezio, Michael L., Etzel, Joset A., Castelli, Fulvia, Adolphs, Ralph, Keysers, Christian·2012·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1073/pnas.1113211109PMC PMC3382530

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Abstract

Another person’s caress is one of the most powerful of all emotional social signals. How much the primary somatosensory cortices (SIs) participate in processing the pleasantness of such social touch remains unclear. Although ample empirical evidence supports the role of the insula in affective processing of touch, here we argue that SI might be more involved in affective processing than previously thought by showing that the response in SI to a sensual caress is modified by the perceived sex of the caresser. In a functional MRI study, we manipulated the perceived affective quality of a caress independently of the sensory properties at the skin: heterosexual males believed they were sensually caressed by either a man or woman, although the caress was in fact invariantly delivered by a female blind to condition type. Independent analyses showed that SI encoded, and was modulated by, the visual sex of the caress, and that this effect is unlikely to originate from the insula. This suggests that current models may underestimate the role played by SI in the affective processing of social touch.

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Authors: Gazzola, V., Spezio, M. L., Etzel, J. A., Castelli, F., Adolphs, R., & Keysers, C.
Affiliations: Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NL)
California Institute of Technology (US)
University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
University of Pavia (IT)
ORCID: Gazzola, Valeria
Spezio, Michael L.
Etzel, Joset A.
Adolphs, Ralph
Keysers, Christian
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Published: 2012-06-04
Volume: 109
Issue: 25
Pages: E1657-66
ISSN: 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1113211109
PMC: PMC3382530
OpenAlex: W2108891685
Cited by: 323
References: 85
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 9.67
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
KNAW Research Portal (The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
KNAW research portal (Royal Academy of Art and Sciences (KNAW)) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
European Commission
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
National Institutes of Health
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
Keywords: primary somatosensory cortex, social touch, caress, insula, tactile perception, multisensory integration
MeSH terms: Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Somatosensory Cortex, Touch

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Primary somatosensory cortex discriminates affective significance in social touch

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