Discriminative and affective touch: Sensing and feeling.
Open accessAbstract
The multimodal properties of the human somatosensory system continue to be unravelled. There is mounting evidence that one of these submodalities-touch-has another dimension, providing not only its well-recognized discriminative input to the brain, but also an affective input. It has long been recognized that touch plays an important role in many forms of social communication and a number of theories have been proposed to explain observations and beliefs about the "power of touch." Here, we propose that a class of low-threshold mechanosensitive C fibers that innervate the hairy skin represent the neurobiological substrate for the affective and rewarding properties of touch.
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Observations of McGlone et al. on hedonic coupling suggest two qualia (touch and pleasure) may be linked in ways that could imply homology.
“I would also cite here the observations of McGlone et al. (2014) on hedonic coupling, that two qualia (touch and pleasure in their example) appear to be linked in ways that could imply homology.”
From The function(s) of consciousness revisited: insights from a modular/constitutive model using vision as a test case (2026) · cites this paper as McGlone et al. (2014)
C-tactile afferents are specially attuned to social touch, particularly affiliative touch such as gentle stroking, and have been found in all mammals studied.
“Subsequent research on the importance of touch in mammals has discovered the existence of nerve fibres called C-tactile afferents that are specially attuned to social touch, particularly affiliative touch such as gentle stroking [62,63]. These have been found in all mammals studied, including primates, pigs, rats, mice, guinea pigs, rabbits and cats [64,65].”
From The social origins of consciousness (2025) · cites this paper as [63]
Spinal reflexes and the spinothalamic pathways are engaged with peripheral interfaces while bypassed with brain interfaces.
“Fourth, spinal reflexes (Schouenborg, 2008) and the spinothalamic pathways (important for affective touch, see McGlone et al., 2014) are engaged with peripheral interfaces while bypassed with brain interfaces.”
From Biomimetic approaches to bionic touch through a peripheral nerve interface (2015) · cites this paper as McGlone et al., 2014
The main tactile fibers underlying discriminative touch are myelinated Ab fibers.
“The main tactile fibers underlying discriminative touch are myelinated Ab fibers.”
From Tactile innervation densities across the whole body (2020) · cites this paper as McGlone et al. 2014
Tactile input has a broad impact on bodily function and percept, ranging from simple reflexes to arousal regulation to complex social processes, and is highly influential in numerous central nervous system processes.
“Given that tactile input has a broad impact on bodily function and percept, ranging from simple reflexes to arousal regulation to complex social processes, it is also highly influential in numerous central nervous system processes ( Ayres, 1972 ; McGlone et al., 2014 ; Lane et al., 2019 ).”
From The brain-body disconnect: A somatic sensory basis for trauma-related disorders (2022) · cites this paper as McGlone et al., 2014
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Smirni, D., Smirni, P., Carotenuto, M., Parisi, L., Quatrosi, G., & Roccella, M. (2019) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci9120368 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
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Young, K. S., Parsons, C. E., Stein, A., & Kringelbach, M. L. (2015) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00026 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Arakawa, H. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.592408 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
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The social origins of consciousness
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- Authors
- McGlone, F., Wessberg, J., & Olausson, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Linköping University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- McGlone, Francis
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 737-755
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2079458882
- Cited by
- 1,112
- References
- 225
- Citations by year
- 2026: 121 · 2025: 139 · 2024: 144 · 2023: 99 · 2022: 90 · 2021: 112 · 2020: 113 · 2019: 75 · 2018: 73 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 10
- FWCI
- 4.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Ion Channels and Receptors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- tactile discrimination, affective touch, somatosensory system, low-threshold mechanoreceptors, C-fibers, hairy skin, social communication, multisensory perception
- MeSH terms
- Afferent Pathways, Central Nervous System, Discrimination, Psychological, Emotions, Humans, Neural Conduction, Psychophysics, Skin Physiological Phenomena, Touch, Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated
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