The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Atrogin-1, a muscle-specific F-box protein highly expressed during muscle atrophy
Open accessAbstract
Muscle wasting is a debilitating consequence of fasting, inactivity, cancer, and other systemic diseases that results primarily from accelerated protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. To identify key factors in this process, we have used cDNA microarrays to compare normal and atrophying muscles and found a unique gene fragment that is induced more than ninefold in muscles of fasted mice. We cloned this gene, which is expressed specifically in striated muscles. Because this mRNA also markedly increases in muscles atrophying because of diabetes, cancer, and renal failure, we named it atrogin-1. It contains a functional F-box domain that binds to Skp1 and thereby to Roc1 and Cul1, the other components of SCF-type Ub-protein ligases (E3s), as well as a nuclear localization sequence and PDZ-binding domain. On fasting, atrogin-1 mRNA levels increase specifically in skeletal muscle and before atrophy occurs. Atrogin-1 is one of the few examples of an F-box protein or Ub-protein ligase (E3) expressed in a tissue-specific manner and appears to be a critical component in the enhanced proteolysis leading to muscle atrophy in diverse diseases.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Muscle atrophy requires the activation of gene transcription programs that regulate the expression of a subset of genes that are named atrophy-related genes or atrogenes [10–14].”
From The connection between the dynamic remodeling of the mitochondrial network and the regulation of muscle mass (2021) · cites this paper as [12]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual
Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E., & Maniatis, T. (1989) · UCLA - Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud · Cited by 133,589
Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual
Deininger, P. L. (1990) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0003-2697(90)90595-z · Cited by 84,684
Hershko, A., & Ciechanover, A. (1998) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.425 · Cited by 8,840
Church, G. M., & Gilbert, W. (1984) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.81.7.1991 · Cited by 8,213
Structural features in eukaryotic mRNAs that modulate the initiation of translation.
Kozak, M. (1991) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)54860-2 · Cited by 1,826
SCF and Cullin/RING H2-Based Ubiquitin Ligases
Deshaies, R. J. (1999) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.15.1.435 · Cited by 1,238
Mechanisms of Muscle Wasting — The Role of the Ubiquitin–Proteasome Pathway
Mitch, W. E., & Goldberg, A. L. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199612193352507 · Cited by 1,163
Self-citationDoyle, D., Lee, A., Lewis, J. H., Kim, E., Sheng, M., & MacKinnon, R. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81307-0 · Cited by 1,126
Kipreos, E. T., & Pagano, M. (2000) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2000-1-5-reviews3002 · Cited by 753
Lecker, S. H., Solomon, V., Mitch, W. E., & Goldberg, A. L. (1999) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/129.1.227s · Cited by 742
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- R Medina, S S Wing, A Haas, A L Goldberg Biomed Biochim Acta 50, 347–356 (1991).
- V E Baracos, C DeVivo, D H Hoyle, A L Goldberg Am J Physiol 268, E996–E1006 (1995).
- S S Wing, A L Goldberg Am J Physiol 264, E668–E676 (1993).
- A L Goldberg, M Tischler, G DeMartino, G Griffin FASEB J 39, 31–36 (1980).
- I C Kettelhut, M T Pepato, R H Migliorini, R Medina, A L Goldberg Braz J Med Biol Res 27, 981–993 (1994).
- S R Price, J L Bailey, B K England Miner Electrolyte Metab 22, 72–75 (1996).
- W E Mitch Miner Electrolyte Metab 22, 62–65 (1996).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–115 of 115
Silveira, W. A., Gonçalves, D. A., Graça, F. A., Andrade-Lopes, A. L., Bergantin, L. B., Zanon, N. M., Godinho, R. O., Kettelhut, I. C., & Navegantes, L. C. C. (2014) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01055.2013 · Cited by 47
Park, B.-S., Henning, P. C., Grant, S. C., Lee, W. J., Lee, S.-R., Arjmandi, B. H., & Kim, J.-S. (2013) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2013.06.005 · Cited by 49
Flavones Inhibit LPS-Induced Atrogin-1/MAFbx Expression in Mouse C2C12 Skeletal Myotubes
SHIOTA, C., ABE, T., KAWAI, N., OHNO, A., TESHIMA-KONDO, S., MORI, H., TERAO, J., TANAKA, E., & NIKAWA, T. (2015) · Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology · doi:10.3177/jnsv.61.188 · Cited by 46
Small molecule adiponectin receptor agonist GTDF protects against skeletal muscle atrophy
Singh, A. K., Shree, S., Chattopadhyay, S., Kumar, S., Gurjar, A., Kushwaha, S., Kumar, H., Trivedi, A. K., Chattopadhyay, N., Maurya, R., et al. (2017) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2016.09.013 · Cited by 42
Zhao, F., Yu, Y., Liu, W., Zhang, J., Liu, X., Liu, L., & Yin, H. (2018) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05387 · Cited by 41
Wang, H., Li, T.-L., Hsia, S., Su, I.-L., Chan, Y.-L., & Wu, C.-J. (2015) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.3483 · Cited by 39
Lee, S.-J., Bae, J. H., Lee, H., Lee, H., Park, J., Kang, J.-S., & Bae, G.-U. (2019) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2019.112054 · Cited by 38
Jeong, J.-W., Shim, J.-J., Choi, I.-D., Kim, S.-H., Ra, J., Ku, H. K., Lee, D. E., Kim, T.-Y., Jeung, W., Lee, J.-H., et al. (2015) · Journal of Medicinal Food · doi:10.1089/jmf.2014.3401 · Cited by 34
Master Regulators of Muscle Atrophy: Role of Costamere Components
Gorza, L., Sorge, M., Seclì, L., & Brancaccio, M. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10010061 · Cited by 31
Lee, M.-K., Kim, Y.-M., Kim, I.-H., Choi, Y.-H., & Nam, T.-J. (2017) · Molecular Medicine Reports · doi:10.3892/mmr.2017.6443 · Cited by 28
Aoyama, S., Jia, H., Nakazawa, K., Yamamura, J., Saito, K., & Kato, H. (2016) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.115.226316 · Cited by 23
EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Mitophagy protects against statin‐mediated skeletal muscle toxicity
Ramesh, I., Campos, J. C., Lee, P., Song, Y., Hernandez, G., Sin, J., Tucker, K. C., Saadaeijahromi, H., Gurney, M., Ferreira, J. C. B., et al. (2019) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.201900807rr · Cited by 17
OKAMOTO, T., & MACHIDA, S. (2017) · Biomedical Research · doi:10.2220/biomedres.38.331 · Cited by 16
Byrne, C. A., McNeil, A. T., Koh, T. J., Brunskill, A. F., & Fantuzzi, G. (2019) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222345 · Cited by 15
Abuduwaili, H., Kamoshita, K., Ishii, K.-A., Takahashi, K., Abuduyimiti, T., Qifang, L., Isobe, Y., Goto, H., Nakano, Y., Takeshita, Y., et al. (2023) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00270.2022 · Cited by 7
Metadata
- Authors
- Gomes, M. D., Lecker, S. H., Jagoe, R. T., Navon, A., & Goldberg, A. L.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2001-11-20
- Volume
- 98
- Issue
- 25
- Pages
- 14440-14445
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC64700
- OpenAlex
- W2100688137
- Cited by
- 1,774
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 68 · 2020: 89 · 2019: 85 · 2018: 85 · 2017: 77 · 2016: 84 · 2015: 98 · 2014: 98 · 2013: 119 · 2012: 105
- FWCI
- 11.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Muscular Dystrophy Association
- National Space Biomedical Research Institute
- US-UK Fulbright Commission
- National Institutes of Health (5k08dk002707-03, DK02707)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK02707)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- atrogin-1, muscle atrophy, F-box protein, ubiquitin-proteasome system, E3 ubiquitin ligase, SCF ubiquitin ligase, Skp1, ROC1, CUL1, skeletal muscle, fasting, protein degradation, diabetes mellitus, cancer, renal failure, PDZ-binding domain, nuclear localization signal, gene expression
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Cloning, Molecular, Fasting, Ligases, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Molecular Sequence Data, Muscle Proteins, Muscular Atrophy, RNA, Messenger, Gene Expression, DNA, Complementary, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
