Active Site Mutation in DNA Polymerase γ Associated with Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia Causes Error-prone DNA Synthesis
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Progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) is a heritable mitochondrial disorder characterized by the accumulation of multiple point mutations and large deletions in mtDNA. Autosomal dominant PEO was recently shown to co-segregate with a heterozygous Y955C mutation in the human gene encoding the sole mitochondrial DNA polymerase, DNA polymerase gamma (pol gamma). Since Tyr-955 is a highly conserved residue critical for nucleotide recognition among family A DNA polymerases, we analyzed the effects of the Y955C mutation on the kinetics and fidelity of DNA synthesis by the purified human mutant polymerase in complex with its accessory subunit. The Y955C enzyme retains a wild-type catalytic rate (k(cat)) but suffers a 45-fold decrease in apparent binding affinity for the incoming nucleoside triphosphate (K(m)). The Y955C derivative is 2-fold less accurate for base pair substitutions than wild-type pol gamma despite the action of intrinsic exonucleolytic proofreading. The full mutator effect of the Y955C substitution was revealed by genetic inactivation of the exonuclease, and error rates for certain mismatches were elevated by 10-100-fold. The error-prone DNA synthesis observed for the Y955C pol gamma is consistent with the accumulation of mtDNA mutations in patients with PEO.
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The proofreading deficient exonuclease domain causes a 10- to 100-fold increase in nucleotide misinsertion rates.
“The proofreading deficient exonuclease domain causes a 10- to 100-fold increase in nucleotide misinsertion rates (Ponamarev et al., 2002).”
From Role of the mitochondrial DNA replication machinery in mitochondrial DNA mutagenesis, aging and age-related diseases (2017) · cites this paper as Ponamarev et al., 2002
The Y955C mutation has a wild-type catalytic rate, but a 45-fold decrease in binding affinity for the incoming dNTP.
“The Y955C mutation has a wild-type catalytic rate, but a 45-fold decrease in binding affinity for the incoming dNTP.”
From Role of the mitochondrial DNA replication machinery in mitochondrial DNA mutagenesis, aging and age-related diseases (2017) · cites this paper as Ponamarev et al., 2002
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- Authors
- Ponamarev, M. V., Longley, M. J., Nguyen, D., Kunkel, T. A., & Copeland, W. C.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Copeland, William C.
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-05
- Volume
- 277
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 15225-15228
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2038833748
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 7.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Enzyme Structure and Function
- Keywords
- chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, DNA polymerase gamma, mitochondrial DNA, proofreading exonuclease, nucleotide binding affinity, mitochondrial DNA mutations, mitochondrial disease, polymerase fidelity
- MeSH terms
- DNA Polymerase gamma, Amino Acid Sequence, Base Sequence, Binding Sites, DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, DNA Replication, DNA, Mitochondrial, Genes, Dominant, Humans, Mitochondria, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Protein Conformation, Tyrosine, Conserved Sequence, Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External, Amino Acid Substitution
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