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Canonical WNT Signaling Promotes Osteogenesis by Directly Stimulating Runx2 Gene Expression
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Both activating and null mutations of proteins required for canonical WNT signaling have revealed the importance of this pathway for normal skeletal development. However, tissue-specific transcriptional mechanisms through which WNT signaling promotes the differentiation of bone-forming cells have yet to be identified. Here, we address the hypothesis that canonical WNT signaling and the bone-related transcription factor RUNX2/CBFA1/AML3 are functionally linked components of a pathway required for the onset of osteoblast differentiation. Our findings show that, in bone of the SFRP1 (secreted frizzled-related protein-1)-null mouse, which exhibits activated WNT signaling and a high bone mass phenotype, there is a significant increase in expression of T-cell factor (TCF)-1, Runx2, and the RUNX2 target gene osteocalcin. We demonstrate by mutational analysis that a functional TCF regulatory element responsive to canonical WNT signaling resides in the promoter of the Runx2 gene (-97 to -93). By chromatin immunoprecipitation, recruitment of beta-catenin and TCF1 to the endogenous Runx2 gene is shown. Coexpression of TCF1 with canonical WNT proteins resulted in a 2-5-fold activation of Runx2 promoter activity and a 7-8-fold induction of endogenous mRNA in mouse pluripotent mesenchymal and osteoprogenitor cells. This enhancement was abrogated by SFRP1. Taken together, our results provide evidence for direct regulation of Runx2 by canonical WNT signaling and suggest that Runx2 is a target of beta-catenin/TCF1 for the stimulation of bone formation. We propose that WNT/TCF1 signaling, like bone morphogenetic protein/transforming growth factor-beta signaling, activates Runx2 gene expression in mesenchymal cells for the control of osteoblast differentiation and skeletal development.
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“Many studies have demonstrated that β-catenin is required for bone formation and is activated during multiple stages of osteoblast differentiation to regulate both osteoblast and osteoclast.40–43”
From Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence (2022) · cites this paper as [43]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gaur, T., Lengner, C. J., Hovhannisyan, H., Bhat, R. A., Bodine, P. V. N., Komm, B. S., Javed, A., van Wijnen, A. J., Stein, J. L., Stein, G. S., & Lian, J. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- Wyeth (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lian, Jane B.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-09
- Volume
- 280
- Issue
- 39
- Pages
- 33132-33140
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2153720415
- Cited by
- 1,170
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 80 · 2020: 96 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 73 · 2016: 65 · 2015: 74 · 2014: 57 · 2013: 67 · 2012: 55
- FWCI
- 13.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK032520, P30-DK32520)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR049069, P01 AR 48818, P01AR048818, AR 39588, R01AR039588)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Keywords
- Wnt/β-catenin signaling, Runx2, bone formation, osteogenic differentiation, SFRP1, TCF1, β-catenin, osteocalcin, skeletal development, mesenchymal cells, osteoprogenitor cells
- MeSH terms
- Secreted Frizzled-Related Proteins, Animals, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Fibroblasts, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Transgenic, Models, Biological, Osteoblasts, Osteogenesis, Promoter Regions, Genetic, RNA, Messenger, Signal Transduction, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit, Mice, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha, Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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