Secreted antagonists of the Wnt signalling pathway
Abstract
The extracellular antagonists of the Wnt signalling pathway can be divided into two broad classes. Both classes of molecule prevent ligand-receptor interactions, but by different mechanisms: members of the first class, which include the sFRP (secreted Frizzled-related protein) family, WIF (Wnt inhibitory factor)-1 and Cerberus, primarily bind to Wnt proteins; the second class comprises certain members of the Dickkopf (Dkk) family, which bind to one subunit of the Wnt receptor complex. In addition, there are other protein interactions that contribute to Wnt antagonist function. Moreover, certain sFRPs and Dkks do not antagonise Wnt function, which suggests that these families have as-yet-undiscovered functions.
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Dickkopfs are secreted proteins capable of antagonizing Wnt signaling by inhibiting the coreceptors LRP5 and LRP6.
“Nevertheless, given that Dickkopfs are secreted proteins capable of antagonizing Wnt signaling by inhibiting the coreceptors LRP5 and LRP6 (43, 44), these findings suggest that increased Wnt signaling may also be involved in the increase in bone mass induced by ACVR2B/Fc.”
From Targeting myostatin/activin A protects against skeletal muscle and bone loss during spaceflight (2020) · cites this paper as [43]
Each of these secreted inhibitors are tightly regulated during embryogenesis and serve to limit or likely create a gradient of Wnt signaling for pattern formation.
“Each of these secreted inhibitors are tightly regulated during embryogenesis and serve to limit or likely create a gradient of Wnt signaling for pattern formation.22”
From Wnt signal transduction pathways (2008) · cites this paper as [22]
During gastrulation, a number of Wnt inhibitors including Cerberus, WIF, Dickkopf and Frzb are expressed in and secreted from the organizer to modulate formation of the anterior of the embryo and also promote anterior head formation.
“During gastrulation, a number of Wnt inhibitors including Cerberus, WIF, Dickkopf and Frzb are expressed in and secreted from the organizer to modulate formation of the anterior of the embryo and also promote anterior head formation.22”
From Wnt signal transduction pathways (2008) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Kawano, Y., & Kypta, R.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Kypta, Robert
- ORCID
- Kypta, Robert
- Venue
- Journal of Cell Science
- Publisher
- The Company of Biologists
- Published
- 2003-07-01
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 2627-2634
- ISSN
- 0021-9533 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-9137
- OpenAlex
- W2079819294
- Cited by
- 1,584
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 68 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 69 · 2015: 68 · 2014: 106 · 2013: 89 · 2012: 87
- FWCI
- 4.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Cell Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Studies
- Keywords
- Wnt signalling pathway, Wnt antagonists, secreted frizzled-related proteins, WIF1, Cerberus, ligand-receptor interactions, protein-protein interaction
- MeSH terms
- Secreted Frizzled-Related Proteins, Animals, Carrier Proteins, Humans, Membrane Proteins, Proteins, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Repressor Proteins, Signal Transduction, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Xenopus Proteins, Zebrafish Proteins, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Wnt Proteins
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