The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 1 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
The ASA Statement on p -Values: Context, Process, and Purpose
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24 Own interpretation · 2 No basis given · 1 No full text of the sources
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The widespread use of”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Statistical significance is not equivalent to scientific, human, or economic significance.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For example, a p-value near 0.05 taken by itself offers only weak evidence against the null hypothesis.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“By itself, a p-value does not provide a good measure of evidence regarding a model or hypothesis.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Similarly, identical estimated effects will have different p-values if the precision of the estimates differs.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A p-value provides one approach to summarizing the incompatibility between a particular set of data and a proposed model for the data.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. P-values can indicate how incompatible the data are with a specified statistical model.
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Conducting multiple analyses of the data and reporting only those with certain p-values (typically those passing a significance threshold) renders the reported p-values essentially uninterpretable.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Whenever a researcher chooses what to present based on statistical results, valid interpretation of those results is severely compromised if the reader is not informed of the choice and its basis.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The smaller the p-value, the greater the statistical incompatibility of the data with the null hypothesis, if the underlying assumptions used to calculate the p-value hold.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. P-values can indicate how incompatible the data are with a specified statistical model.
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Valid scientific conclusions based on p-values and related statistics cannot be drawn without at least knowing how many and which analyses were conducted, and how those analyses (including p-values) were selected for reporting.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Probably not a substantial claim. 10
- It may state two separate claims as one. 10
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This has led to some scientific journals discouraging the use of p-values, and some scientists and statisticians recommending their abandonment, with some arguments essentially unchanged since p-values were first introduced.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. Introduction
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The statistical community has been deeply concerned about issues of reproducibility and replicability of scientific conclusions.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“While the p-value can be a useful statistical measure, it is commonly misused and misinterpreted.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. Introduction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A conclusion does not immediately become”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“All these measures and approaches rely on further assumptions, but they may more directly address the size of an effect (and its associated uncertainty) or whether the hypothesis is correct.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 4. Other Approaches
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The validity of scientific conclusions, including their reproducibility, depends on more than the statistical methods themselves.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. Introduction
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“It is a statement about data in relation to a specified hypothetical explanation, and is not a statement about the explanation itself.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 2. P-values do not measure the probability that the studied hypothesis is true, or the probability that the data were produced by random chance alone.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Researchers should recognize that a p-value without context or other evidence provides limited information.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Likewise, a relatively large p-value does not imply evidence in favor of the null hypothesis; many other hypotheses may be equally or more consistent with the observed data.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This incompatibility can be interpreted as casting doubt on or providing evidence against the null hypothesis or the underlying assumptions.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. P-values can indicate how incompatible the data are with a specified statistical model.
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Appropriately chosen techniques, properly conducted analyses and correct interpretation of statistical results also play a key role in ensuring that conclusions are sound and that uncertainty surrounding them is represented properly.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. Introduction
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Misunderstanding or misuse of statistical inference is only one cause of the”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Peng 2015 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Smaller p-values do not necessarily imply the presence of larger or more important effects, and larger p-values do not imply a lack of importance or even lack of effect.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“P-values do not measure the probability that the studied hypothesis is true, or the probability that the data were produced by random chance alone.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 2. P-values do not measure the probability that the studied hypothesis is true, or the probability that the data were produced by random chance alone.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In view of the prevalent misuses of and misconceptions concerning p-values, some statisticians prefer to supplement or even replace p-values with other approaches.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 4. Other Approaches
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
There is widespread consensus in the statistical community on the principles articulated in the ASA statement.
“according to widespread consensus in the statistical community”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“While the large scale of the Tabula Muris Senis dataset provides substantial power to predict subtle changes in LR interactions, the biological complexity, dependencies among communication pairs, and multiple testing burden require that these p-values be interpreted within a broader biological and statistical context [33].”
From Quantitative profiling of lifespan-dependent cell-cell communication potential reveals dynamic ligand-receptor network shifts across mouse tissues (2026) · cites this paper as [33]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“These types of incorrect descriptions contribute to confirmation bias, overinterpretation of results, and reporting correlation as implied causation (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016).”
From Unethical Numbers? A Meta-analysis of Library Learning Analytics Studies (2019) · cites this paper as Wasserstein and Lazar 2016
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“This is especially true of relatively large-sample-size studies (as most learning analytics studies are), which are likely to obtain statistically significant findings in relatively small variations in measures such as GPA (Field 2017; Salkind 2016 Wasserstein and Lazar 2016).”
From Unethical Numbers? A Meta-analysis of Library Learning Analytics Studies (2019) · cites this paper as Wasserstein and Lazar 2016
In the citing paper
“In 2016, the American Statistical Association released a statement on statistical significance and the P value with six principles underlying the proper use and interpretation of this statistical tool (77).”
From Misrepresentation and distortion of research in biomedical literature (2018) · cites this paper as [77]
In the citing paper
“Although we also present p values for exploratory analyses, we refrain from labeling any of them as statistically significant, following best-practice recommendations for statistical analysis [43].”
From Comparing quality of reporting between preprints and peer-reviewed articles in the biomedical literature (2020) · cites this paper as [43]
In the citing paper
“Contrary to IJE author recommendations and recent guidance from the American Statistics Society, 16 Gao et al. largely base their conclusions on findings with a P -value equivalent to < 0.05 after multiple testing.”
From Commentary: Two-sample Mendelian randomization: opportunities and challenges (2016) · cites this paper as [16]
In the citing paper
“Following guidance,50 we focused on 95% CIs, rather than statistical significance. For example, unlike conventional interpretations, we did not outright interpret an effect estimate “non‐significant” if the lower or upper bound of the 95% CI was slightly above/below the null value; we interpreted them as “suggestive” of an effect.”
From Third‐wave cognitive behaviour therapies for weight management: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis (2020) · cites this paper as [50]
Citations
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- Leek, J. (2014), “On the Scalability of Statistical Procedures: Why the p-Value Bashers Just Don't Get It,” Simply Statistics Blog, Available at http://simplystatistics.org/2014/02/14/on-the-scalability-of-statistical-procedures-why-the-p-value-bashers-just-dont-get-it/.
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“…efecto y no mide el tamaño de tal efecto o su importancia: “valores p más pequeños no necesariamente implican la presencia de efectos más grandes o importantes, y los valores de p más gran - des no implican una falta de importancia ni incluso una falta de efecto” (Wasserstein y Lazar, 2016: 132).”
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“When members of the American Statistical Association’s board decided to develop a policy statement on P values and statistical significance, they did so knowing they had not previously taken positions on specific matters of statistical practice.(1) They recognized that ‘‘misunderstanding or misuse of statistical infer…”
BackgroundA statistical approach for analyzing data from the in vivo Pig-a gene mutation assay
Igl, B., Dertinger, S. D., Dobrovolsky, V. N., Raschke, M., Sutter, A. P., & Vonk, R. (2018) · Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.05.007 · Cited by 2
Nagaraj, Y., & Narasimhadhan, A. V. (2018) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-0020-2_37 · Cited by 2
Making Evidence Actionable: Interactive Dashboards, Bayes, and Health Care Innovation
Bir, A., Freeman, N. L. B., Chew, R., et al. (2019) · eGEMs (Generating Evidence & Methods to improve patient outcomes) · doi:10.5334/egems.300 · Cited by 2
Being more idiographic in the nomothetic world
Korulczyk, T., Biela, A., & Blampied, N. M. (2019) · Polish Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.24425/ppb.2019.129453 · Cited by 2
Trkulja, V., & Hrabač, P. (2019) · Croatian Medical Journal · doi:10.3325/cmj.2019.60.570 · Cited by 2
Mkalama, B. W., Ndemo, E. B., Maalu, J. K., & Pokhariyal, G. P. (2020) · European Scientific Journal ESJ · doi:10.19044/esj.2020.v16n13p199 · Cited by 2
“The inclusion of the three afore-mentioned variables into the regression model has been confirmed as acceptable by other scholars (Wasserstein & Lazar, 2016; Greenland, et al., 2016; Gagnier, 2017; Heinze & Dunkler, 2017).”
MethodVorland, C. J., Mestre, L. M., Mendis, S. S., & Brown, A. W. (2020) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-020-02287-0 · Cited by 2
“This nuance reflects that the statistical tests used (null hypothesis significance testing) do not determine whether the null hypothesis is true, but rather whether the null hypothesis is an unlikely explanation for differences in the sample distributions under the assumptions of the test [6].”
MethodReal-world study: from real-world data to real-world evidence
Wen, Y. (2020) · Translational Breast Cancer Research · doi:10.21037/tbcr-20-19 · Cited by 2
“The definition, use and misuse of P value have been well discussed in many publications (24-27), and will not be re-emphasized here again.”
BackgroundA Multicellular Network Mechanism for Temperature-Robust Food Sensing
Patel, D. S., Diana, G., Entchev, E. V., Zhan, M., Lu, H., & Ch'ng, Q.-L. (2020) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108521 · Cited by 2
Evans, S. R. (2021) · Statistics in Biopharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1080/19466315.2020.1811151 · Cited by 2
Using Educational Data Mining to Test the Validity of Learning Style Theory
Shobbrook, R., Branch, P., & Ling, P. (2020) · IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering · doi:10.1109/tale48869.2020.9368442 · Cited by 2
Philosophical or empirical incommensurability of frequentist versus Bayesian thinking
Trafimow, D. (2021) · Econometrics · doi:10.15611/eada.2021.1.02 · Cited by 2
Effective semi-supervised learning for structured data using Embedding GANs
Deng, X., Jiang, P., Zhao, D., Huang, R. H., & Shen, H. (2021) · Pattern Recognition Letters · doi:10.1016/j.patrec.2021.07.019 · Cited by 2
Rieg, R., Zarzycka, E., & Dobroszek, J. (2022) · Corporate Ownership and Control · doi:10.22495/cocv19i2art9 · Cited by 2
“Still, many studies base statistical inference on the null hypothesis significance tests (NHST) framework despite this approach being severe (Ioannidis, 2005; Fanelli & Ioannidis, 2013; Kline, 2013).”
BackgroundFurukawa, H., Noda, S., Kitashima, C., Omine, M., Fukumoto, T., Ono, H., OHARA, A., & Nakao, M. (2022) · BioPsychoSocial Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13030-021-00229-8 · Cited by 2
“As there are many critical views on the p-value in recent years [13], the effect size was calculated to clarify the intervention effect.”
BackgroundMeyners, M., Carr, B. T., & Hasted, A. M. (2019) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2019.05.015 · Cited by 2
Targeted sequencing of candidate gene regions for myelofibrosis in dogs
Campbell, A. G., Seelig, D. M., Beckman, J. D., Minor, K. M., Heinrich, D. A., Friedenberg, S. G., Modiano, J. F., & Furrow, E. (2022) · Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/jvim.16476 · Cited by 2
“Platelet count 129-395 k/μL 268 (14-1052) H: 8/23 (35%) L: 3/23 (13%)”
Replicability and Meta-Analysis
Schauer, J. M. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-04968-2_14 · Cited by 3
Gender Similarities in the Mathematical Performance of Early School-Age Children
Escudero, A., Lago, M. O., & Dopico, C. (2022) · Mathematics · doi:10.3390/math10173094 · Cited by 7
Agley, J. D., Xiao, Y., Thompson, E. E., & Golzarri‐Arroyo, L. (2022) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/41747 · Cited by 2
“In keeping with modern inferential statistical recommendations, we will report all P values precisely rather than by threshold [40] and provide a balanced interpretation, especially where .01< P <.05.”
Assessing the Ability of Long Noncoding RNA Expression to Predict Patient Outcomes in Pediatric AML
McCaw, Z. R., Richardson, P. G. G., & Wei, L. J. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.23.00465 · Cited by 2
Franklin, J. M. (2016) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.6984 · Cited by 2
A forcing strategy to improve the evaluation of clinical superiority in anaesthesia trials
Gibbs, N. M., & Weightman, W. M. (2016) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aew255 · Cited by 2
Clinical Research - Fieldwork Perspective on Ramp-up Management Studies
Christensen, I. (2016) · Procedia CIRP · doi:10.1016/j.procir.2016.04.200 · Cited by 2
How to Start Analyzing, Test Assumptions and Deal with that Pesky p-Value
Mertens, W., Pugliese, A., & Recker, J. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42700-3_8 · Cited by 2
Ordering Quantiles through Confidence Statements
de Campos, C. P., Pereira, C. A. D. B., Rancoita, P. M. V., et al. (2016) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e18100357 · Cited by 2
“As argued recently by many statisticians [13], this approach for comparison of methods does not force the use of a particular significance level without justification.”
BackgroundNelson, C. J., & Schofield, E. (2016) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.10.001 · Cited by 2
“Earlier this year, the American Statistical Association published an excellent statement related to P values and how P values are frequently misinterpreted.(1) This statement led us to think about the common mistakes related to P values seen in the Journal of Sexual Medicine and at presentations at the annual meeting…”
BackgroundA General Framework for the Evaluation of Genetic Association Studies Using Multiple Marginal Models
Kitsche, A., Ritz, C., & Hothorn, L. A. (2016) · Human Heredity · doi:10.1159/000448477 · Cited by 2
Kimko, H. H. C., Berry, S., O’Kelly, M., Mehrotra, N., Hutmacher, M. M., & Sethuraman, V. S. (2017) · Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics · doi:10.1080/10543406.2017.1289956 · Cited by 2
Wang, N. C., ADELSTEIN, E. C., Jain, S. K., Mendenhall, G. S., Shalaby, A. A., Voigt, A., & Saba, S. (2017) · Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology · doi:10.1111/anec.12466 · Cited by 2
“We did not assign a value for “significance” for reported p-values given the recent statement by the American Statistical Association, but recognize the traditional threshold of p .05 (Wasserstein & Lazar, 2016).”
MethodKrausman, P. R. (2017) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.1002/jwmg.21273 · Cited by 2
Иванович, В. В., Ivanov, A. I., Serikov, A. V., et al. (2017) · Mordovia University Bulletin · doi:10.15507/0236-2910.027.201702.224-238 · Cited by 2
Abratt, R. P. (2017) · South African Medical Journal · doi:10.7196/samj.2017.v107i8.12673 · Cited by 2
All interventions differ, although some are more different than others
Parsons, N., Perry, D. C., & Costa, M. L. (2017) · The Bone & Joint Journal · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.99b9.bjj-2017-0403 · Cited by 2
Computational Statistics in the Earth Sciences: With Applications in MATLAB
Chave, A. D. (2017) · Cited by 2
Falacias sobre el valor p compartidas por profesores y estudiantes universitarios
Badenes‐Ribera, L., & Navarro, M. D. F. (2017) · Universitas Psychologica · doi:10.11144/javeriana.upsy16-3.fvcp · Cited by 2
Prospective evaluation of chronic pain disorders and treatments
Vierck, C. J., & Chapman, C. R. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.11.020 · Cited by 2
Organisational capital and hospital performance in Hungary
Hüttl, A., & Nagy, Á. (2017) · Statisztikai Szemle · doi:10.20311/stat2017.k21.en128 · Cited by 2
To “ P ” or not to “ P ”-That is not the question
MacDermid, J. C. (2018) · Journal of Hand Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jht.2017.12.005 · Cited by 2
Letter: Big Data Research in Neurosurgery: A Critical Look at This Popular New Study Design
Harary, M., Smith, T. R., Gormley, W. B., & Arnaout, O. M. (2018) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1093/neuros/nyy085 · Cited by 2
Empirisch-quantitative Forschung
Goldenstein, J., Hunoldt, M., & Walgenbach, P. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-20345-0_7 · Cited by 2
An Investigation into the Feasibility of Monitoring a Worker’s Psychological Distress
Suh, Y. A., Kim, J. H., & Yim, M. (2018) · Advances in intelligent systems and computing · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94229-2_46 · Cited by 2
Schwahn, C., Samietz, S., Mündt, T., Völzke, H., Kocher, T., Mayerle, J. V., Holtfreter, B., Lerch, M. M., Biffar, R., & Schulz, C. (2018) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/jcpe.12983 · Cited by 2
Reihana, P. K., Blampied, N. M., & Rucklidge, J. J. (2018) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/nty168 · Cited by 3
Genetic association analysis with pedigrees: Direct inference using the composite likelihood ratio
Baskurt, Z., & Strug, L. J. (2018) · Genetic Epidemiology · doi:10.1002/gepi.22153 · Cited by 2
“Moreover, direct inference from the likelihood function avoids many common critiques of p values in large data applications (Wasserstein & Lazar, 2016), while avoiding the need for Bayesian prior distributions.”
MethodWhy the p-value is under fire?
Sapra, R. L., & Nundy, S. (2018) · Current Medicine Research and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cmrp.2018.10.003 · Cited by 2
Advantages and Disadvantages in Clinical Trials
Kostis, W. J., Dobrzynski, J. M., & Kostis, J. B. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-92946-0_12 · Cited by 2
Wang, N. C., Mezu‐Chukwu, U., ADELSTEIN, E. C., et al. (2019) · Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology · doi:10.1111/anec.12641 · Cited by 2
““significance” for p values, as suggested by the American Statistical Association, but recognize the traditional threshold of p 0.05 (Wasserstein & Lazar, 2016).”
MethodInfluentialYadava, O. P. (2019) · Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery · doi:10.1007/s12055-019-00836-9 · Cited by 2
Impact of Inadequate Methods and Data Analysis on Reproducibility
Elliott, S. (2019) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2019.07.003 · Cited by 3
How to Make a Decision Based on the Minimum Bayes Factor (MBF): Explanation of the Jeffreys Scale
Kosheleva, O. M., Крейнович, В., Trung, N. Đ., et al. (2020) · Studies in computational intelligence · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-48853-6_8 · Cited by 2
The Certainty Behind Reporting a Significance Result
Kumbhare, D. A., & Alavinia, M. (2019) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/phm.0000000000001305 · Cited by 2
Just Say No to p < x (∀x ∊ (0, 1]), *s and Other Evil Things
Hug, S. (2019) · Swiss Political Science Review · doi:10.1111/spsr.12374 · Cited by 2
Banihashemi, L., Wallace, M. L., Peng, C. W., Stinley, M. M., Germain, A., & Herringa, R. J. (2020) · Military Psychology · doi:10.1080/08995605.2019.1702831 · Cited by 2
“As discussed in the American Statistical Association’s recent statement, over-reliance on p-values can be misleading as they are heavily influenced by sample size (Wasserstein & Lazar, 2016).”
BackgroundMethodCampomizzi, A. J., Lebrun‐Southcott, Z. M., & Richardson, K. (2020) · The Canadian Field-Naturalist · doi:10.22621/cfn.v133i3.2233 · Cited by 2
“We used means and CI to assess the direction, magnitude, and precision of effects (Johnson 1999; Wasserstein and Lazar 2016), and interpreted their biological importance (Guthery et al. 2001; Nakagawa and Cuthill 2007; Nuzzo 2014).”
MethodAdjusting Published Estimates for Exploratory Biases Using the Truncated Normal Distribution
Loux, T. M., & Davy, O. (2020) · The American Statistician · doi:10.1080/00031305.2020.1775700 · Cited by 2
“The issues have become so divisive that the American Statistical Association convened a group of statisticians to develop a statement on the use of p-values and statistical significance (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016).”
BackgroundDie Replikationskrise in der Psychologie
Spitzer, M., & Spitzer, M. (2020) · Nervenheilkunde · doi:10.1055/a-1095-0144 · Cited by 2
“Die historische Einführung dazu, wie es zu dem Statement kam, beschreibt auch die Uneinigkeit der ASA über das Thema der statistischen Signifikanz und hat die gleiche Seitenanzahl (2), wie das gesamte Statement selbst, was die Uneinigkeit der Statistiker nochmals zumindest „quantitativ“ unterstreicht [77].”
BackgroundLock, I. (2020) · Publizistik · doi:10.1007/s11616-020-00577-5 · Cited by 2
Barth, N. L., & Lourenço, C. E. (2020) · Revista de Administração de Empresas · doi:10.1590/s0034-759020200306 · Cited by 2
General considerations about data and selection of statistical approaches
Adalian, P. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815764-0.00002-2 · Cited by 2
‘Statistical significance’ in research: wider strategies to meaningfully interpret findings
Lynch, J. M., Ramjan, L. M., Glew, P., & Salamonson, Y. (2020) · Nurse Researcher · doi:10.7748/nr.2020.e1745 · Cited by 4
Multiscale detrended cross-correlation of EEG and RR intervals during focal epilepsy
Seleznov, I., Kotiuchyi, I., Popov, A. O., et al. (2020) · doi:10.23919/spw49079.2020.9259132 · Cited by 2
Increasing the replicability for linear models via adaptive significance levels
Ramos, D. V., Pérez, M.-E., & Pericchi, L. R. (2022) · Test · doi:10.1007/s11749-022-00803-4 · Cited by 2
“In particular, p-values mean quite different evidence for different sample sizes (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016).”
BackgroundBalakrishnan, K. R., Rao, K. G. S., Subramaniam, G. K., et al. (2021) · Annals of Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.4103/apc.apc_129_20 · Cited by 2
“We are fully aware of the recent position statement regarding P values by the American statistical association.[11,12] While using logistic regression, we have chosen to use odd’s ratios rather than log coefficients.”
MethodBarrado, B., Giménez, G., & Villarroya, J. J. S. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13126674 · Cited by 2
“However, “a p-value, or statistical significance, does not measure the size of an effect or the importance of a result” [11].”
BackgroundBerselli, N., Filippini, T., Adani, G., & Vinceti, M. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85215-9.00002-7 · Cited by 6
« Statistiquement significatif » ? Respectons l’incertitude de l’effet testé
Bultez, A. V., Derbaix, C. M., & Herrmann, J.-L. (2021) · Recherche et Applications en Marketing (French Edition) · doi:10.1177/07673701211010844 · Cited by 2
Masked analysis for small-scale cluster randomized controlled trials
Ferron, J. M., Nguyen, D. T. N., Dedrick, R. F., Suldo, S. M., & Shaunessy‐Dedrick, E. (2021) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/s13428-021-01708-0 · Cited by 2
Seeing the Forest for the Trees: Evaluating Population Data in Allergy-Immunology
McGowan, E. C., Robinson, L. B., Chen, W., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice · doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2021.09.018 · Cited by 2
Effect of environmental clutter on attention performance in hoarding
Woody, S. R., Lenkic, P., Jiang, P., & Bogod, N. M. (2021) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2021.100690 · Cited by 2
Formalizing Statistical Beliefs in Hypothesis Testing Using Program Logic
Kawamoto, Y., Sato, T., & Suenaga, K. (2021) · Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning · doi:10.24963/kr.2021/39 · Cited by 3
“For example, the concept of statistical signifi-cance , evaluated using p -values , has been commonly mis-used and misinterpreted (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016).”
MethodPublication Policies for Replicable Research and the Community-Wide False Discovery Rate
Habiger, J., & Liang, Y. (2021) · The American Statistician · doi:10.1080/00031305.2021.1999857 · Cited by 2
“Amidst concerns linking the p-value to the replicability crisis, the American Statistical Association released a statement outlining common p-value misuses (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016) and challenged the scientific community to (re)consider the issue.”
BackgroundP-values should not be used for decision making in the practice of clinical medical physics
Basran, P. S., Palma, G., & Baldock, C. (2021) · Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine · doi:10.1007/s13246-021-01068-1 · Cited by 2
Hickson, R. P., Kucharska‐Newton, A., Rodgers, J. E., Sleath, B. L., & Fang, G. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050236 · Cited by 2
Mukhopadhyay, A., & Quader, S. (2022) · Plant Species Biology · doi:10.1111/1442-1984.12367 · Cited by 2
Altan, S., Amaratunga, D., Cabrera, J., Garren, J. M., Geys, H., Kolassa, J. E., LeBlond, D. J., Li, D., Liao, J. J. Z., Liu, J., et al. (2022) · Statistics in Biopharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1080/19466315.2022.2038258 · Cited by 2
“Because, as argued by Point 5 in Wasserstein and Lazar (2016), the p-value alone does not measure size of the effect or the importance of the result, pvalues must be considered in the context of wider biological evidence.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialIdentifying the Big Shots—A Quantile-Matching Way in the Big Data Context
Li, G. (., So, M. K. P., & Tam, K. Y. (2022) · ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems · doi:10.1145/3490395 · Cited by 2
“Similarly, the American Statistical Association commented in an editorial [54, 55] that the categorical drawing of conclusions based on p-values should be avoided.”
BackgroundTen simple rules for getting started with statistics in graduate school
Zitomer, R. A., Karr, J. R., Kerstens, M., Perry, L., Ruth, K. A., Adrean, L. J., Austin, S., Cornelius, J., Dachenhaus, J., Dinkins, J., et al. (2022) · PLoS Comput. Biol. · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010033 · Cited by 2
“This approach frequently results in interpretation of an observed effect as “significant” or “nonsignificant” if the p-value is smaller or larger than α, respectively [27].”
BackgroundThe Fragility Index of Randomized Controlled Trials for Preterm Neonates
Li, H., Liang, Z., Meng, Q., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2022.876366 · Cited by 2
Elkins, M. R., Pinto, R. Z., Verhagen, A. P., et al. (2022) · Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.physio.2021.12.003 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Wasserstein, R. L., & Lazar, N. A.
- Affiliations
- American Statistical Association, 732 North Washington Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1943
- American Statistical Association (US)
- ORCID
- Lazar, Nicole A.
- Venue
- The American Statistician
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-04-02
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 129-133
- ISSN
- 0003-1305 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-2731
- OpenAlex
- W2293040502
- Semantic Scholar
- 81a65f23474ffceb2481836328608102950da979
- Cited by
- 6,306
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 625 · 2025: 629 · 2024: 575 · 2023: 543 · 2022: 642 · 2021: 676 · 2020: 678 · 2019: 666 · 2018: 596 · 2017: 438 · 2016: 226
- FWCI
- 649.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The American Statistician (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistics Education and Methodologies
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Probability and Statistical Research
- Keywords
- p-values, statistical evidence, p-value interpretation, statistical inference, hypothesis testing
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