“Anything From Making Out to Having Sex”: Men's Negotiations of Hooking Up and Friends With Benefits Scripts
Abstract
Popular media and academic literature often portray men as happy beneficiaries of nonrelational or casual sex--a view that is consistent with traditional notions of masculinity. This study examined the validity of this notion, using semistructured interviews to explore ways that 19 college-age men defined and enacted "hooking up" and "friends with benefits" scripts. Men's definitions reflected both standard and alternate conceptions of these scripts, and their experiences indicated variability in intentions and outcomes. Whereas a few men embraced the no-strings-attached nonrelational scripts, most rejected the script or enacted an amended version that allowed for greater relational connection. Further, their experiences were not all positive and were not all devoid of emotional connection. These alternative enactments challenge the pro-masculine, universally positive conceptualization of nonrelational sex portrayed in the media and in some empirical research.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Hookup rates in our sample were somewhat lower than the 70-75% rate found in prior research.
“Hookup rates were somewhat lower than the 70-75% rate found in prior research”
From The role of culture in explaining college students’ selection into hookups, dates, and long-term romantic relationships (2016) · cites this paper as Epstein et al., 2009
Cites
(1998) · Sage eBooks · Cited by 38,631 · see citing works
From the New York Times Magazine
Minsky, & Hyman, P. (1979) · Cited by 6,899 · see citing works
The gender similarities hypothesis.
Hyde, J. S. (2005) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.60.6.581 · Cited by 3,084 · see citing works
Development of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory.
Mahalik, J. R., Locke, B. D., Ludlow, L. H., Diemer, M. A., Scott, R. P. J., Gottfried, M., & Freitas, G. (2003) · Psychology of Men & Masculinity · doi:10.1037/1524-9220.4.1.3 · Cited by 1,295 · see citing works
Gender differences in sexuality: A meta-analysis.
Oliver, M. B., & Hyde, J. S. (1993) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.29 · Cited by 1,134 · see citing works
Gender-role conflict scale: College men's fear of femininity
O’Neil, J. M., Helms, B. J., Gable, R., David, L., & Wrightsman, L. S. (1986) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/bf00287583 · Cited by 813 · see citing works
Paul, E. L., McManus, B., & Hayes, A. (2000) · Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224490009552023 · Cited by 648 · see citing works
No strings attached: The nature of casual sex in college students
Grello, C. M., Welsh, D. P., & Harper, M. S. (2006) · Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224490609552324 · Cited by 567 · see citing works
Women and gender: a feminist psychology
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.30-1231 · Cited by 529 · see citing works
The Forty-Nine Percent Majority: The Male Sex Role.
Scheff, J. H., Scheff, T. J., David, D. S., & Brannon, R. (1977) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2064860 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Paul, E. L., & Hayes, K. A. (2002) · Journal of Social and Personal Relationships · doi:10.1177/0265407502195006 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
The Forty-Nine Percent Majority: The Male Sex Role
Sattel, J. W., David, D. S., & Brannon, R. (1978) · Teaching Sociology · doi:10.2307/1317288 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
(2006) · doi:10.5040/9798216013310.0005 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Attitudes Toward Women, 1970–1995
Twenge, J. M. (1997) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00099.x · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Pluralistic ignorance and Hooking up
Lambert, T. A., Kahn, A. S., & Apple, K. J. (2003) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224490309552174 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Negotiating a Friends with Benefits Relationship
Bisson, M. A., & Levine, T. R. (2007) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-007-9211-2 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Manning, W. D., Giordano, P. C., & Longmore, M. A. (2006) · Journal of Adolescent Research · doi:10.1177/0743558406291692 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Hughes, M., Morrison, K., & Asada, K. J. K. (2005) · Western Journal of Communication · doi:10.1080/10570310500034154 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Women and Gender: A Feminist Psychology
Fine, M. (1992) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.1992.tb00260.x · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Gender differences in casual sex and AIDS prevention: A survey of dating bars
Herold, E. S., & Mewhinney, D. (1993) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499309551676 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
On Being `Just Friends': The Frequency and Impact of Sexual Activity in Crosssex Friendships
Afifi, W. A., & Faulkner, S. L. (2000) · Journal of Social and Personal Relationships · doi:10.1177/0265407500172003 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Wiederman, M. W. (1997) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499709551905 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Sex without emotional involvement: An evolutionary interpretation of sex differences
Townsend, J. M. (1995) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf01541580 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
The "war" for boys: Hearing "real boys'" voices, healing their pain.
Pollack, W. S. (2006) · Professional Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/0735-7028.37.2.190 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Men and sex: New psychological perspectives.
Levant, R. F., & Brooks, G. R. (1997) · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Smiler, A. P. (2007) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.03.006 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationPleasure, empowerment, and love: Factors associated with a positive first coitus
Smiler, A. P., Ward, L. M., Caruthers, A. S., & Merriwether, A. M. (2005) · Sexuality Research and Social Policy · doi:10.1525/srsp.2005.2.3.41 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationStudying Adolescent Male Sexuality: Where Are We?
Smith, L. H., Guthrie, B. J., & Oakley, D. (2005) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-005-5762-5 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Nonrelational sexuality in men.
Levant, R. F. (1997) · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Condom Use on Spring‐Break Vacation: The Influence of Intentions, Prior Use, and Context1
Maticka‐Tyndale, E., & Herold, E. S. (1999) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb00137.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 31 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sexual Hookup Culture: A Review
Garcia, J. R., Reiber, C., Massey, S. G., & Merriwether, A. M. (2012) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027911 · Cited by 572 · see citing works
Casual Sexual Relationships and Experiences in Emerging Adulthood
Claxton, S. E., & van Dulmen, M. H. M. (2013) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/2167696813487181 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
How the Dark Triad traits predict relationship choices
Jonason, P. K., Luévano, V. X., & Adams, H. M. (2012) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2012.03.007 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Predictors of Hooking Up Sexual Behaviors and Emotional Reactions Among U.S. College Students
Lewis, M. A., Granato, H. F., Blayney, J. A., Lostutter, T. W., & Kilmer, J. R. (2011) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9817-2 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Puberty and adolescent sexuality
Fortenberry, J. D. (2013) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2013.03.007 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Jonason, P. K., Valentine, K. A., Li, N. P., & Harbeson, C. L. (2011) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.06.025 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
From swiping to casual sex and/or committed relationships: Exploring the experiences of Tinder users
Timmermans, E., & Courtois, C. (2018) · The Information Society · doi:10.1080/01972243.2017.1414093 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Sexuality (and Lack Thereof) in Adolescence and Early Adulthood: A Review of the Literature
Boislard, M.-A., van de Bongardt, D., & Blais, M. (2016) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs6010008 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Who is the “Self” in Self Reports of Sexual Satisfaction? Research and Policy Implications
McClelland, S. I. (2011) · Sexuality Research and Social Policy · doi:10.1007/s13178-011-0067-9 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Chan, L. S. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.02.053 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Talk About “Hooking Up”: The Influence of College Student Social Networks on Nonrelationship Sex
Holman, A., & SILLARS, A. L. (2011) · Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10410236.2011.575540 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
LaBrie, J. W., Hummer, J. F., Ghaidarov, T. M., Lac, A., & Kenney, S. R. (2012) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2012.714010 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Monto, M. A., & Carey, A. G. (2014) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2014.906031 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Taking Casual Sex Not Too Casually: Exploring Definitions of Casual Sexual Relationships
Wentland, J., & Reissing, E. D. (2011) · The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Identifying and Explicating Variation among Friends with Benefits Relationships
Mongeau, P. A., Knight, K., Williams, J., Eden, J., & Shaw, C. (2011) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2011.623797 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Wentland, J., & Reissing, E. D. (2014) · The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality · doi:10.3138/cjhs.2744 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Predictors of Sexual Hookups: A Theory-Based, Prospective Study of First-Year College Women
Fielder, R. L., Walsh, J. L., Carey, K. B., & Carey, M. P. (2013) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-013-0106-0 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Currier, D. M. (2013) · Gender & Society · doi:10.1177/0891243213493960 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Sex Differences in Approaching Friends with Benefits Relationships
Lehmiller, J. J., VanderDrift, L. E., & Kelly, J. R. (2010) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224491003721694 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Sexual Hookups and Adverse Health Outcomes: A Longitudinal Study of First-Year College Women
Fielder, R. L., Walsh, J. L., Carey, K. B., & Carey, M. P. (2013) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2013.848255 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Young Adult Casual Sexual Behavior: Life-Course-Specific Motivations and Consequences
Lyons, H. A., Manning, W. D., Longmore, M. A., & Giordano, P. C. (2014) · Sociological Perspectives · doi:10.1177/0731121413517557 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Perceptions of Sexual Script Deviation in Women and Men
Klein, V., Imhoff, R., Reininger, K. M., & Briken, P. (2018) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-018-1280-x · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Kuperberg, A., & Padgett, J. E. (2016) · Journal of Social and Personal Relationships · doi:10.1177/0265407515616876 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Development and Validation of the Endorsement of the Hookup Culture Index
Aubrey, J. S., & Smith, S. E. (2011) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2011.637246 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
HOOKING UP: Hot Hetero Sex or the New Numb Normative?
Kalish, R., & Kimmel, M. (2011) · Australian Feminist Studies · doi:10.1080/08164649.2011.546333 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
A Multidimensional Model of Sexual Health and Sexual and Prevention Behavior Among Adolescent Women
Hensel, D. J., & Fortenberry, J. D. (2012) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.05.017 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Seabrook, R. C., Ward, L. M., Reed, L. A., Manago, A. M., Giaccardi, S., & Lippman, J. R. (2016) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/2167696815623686 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationTolman, D. L., Davis, B. R., & Bowman, C. P. (2015) · Journal of Adolescent Research · doi:10.1177/0743558415587325 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Short-Term Positive and Negative Consequences of Sex Based on Daily Reports Among College Students
Vasilenko, S. A., Lefkowitz, E. S., & Maggs, J. L. (2011) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2011.589101 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
College as Context: Influences on Interpersonal Sexual Scripts
Berntson, M., Hoffman, K. L., & Luff, T. L. (2013) · Sexuality & Culture · doi:10.1007/s12119-013-9180-7 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Emotional Outcomes of Casual Sexual Relationships and Experiences: A Systematic Review
Wesche, R., Claxton, S. E., & Waterman, E. A. (2020) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2020.1821163 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Eaton, A. A., Rose, S. M., Interligi, C., Fernandez, K., & McHugh, M. C. (2015) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2015.1065954 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
A Decade Review of Sex and Partnering in Adolescence and Young Adulthood
Olmstead, S. B. (2020) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/jomf.12670 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Lewis, M. A., Atkins, D. C., Blayney, J. A., Dent, D. V., & Kaysen, D. L. (2012) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2012.706333 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Hooking Up and Penetrative Hookups: Correlates that Differentiate College Men
Olmstead, S. B., Pasley, K., & Fincham, F. D. (2012) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-012-9907-9 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Unpacking the “Pleasures” and “Pains” of Heterosexual Casual Sex: Beyond Singular Understandings
Farvid, P., & Braun, V. (2016) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2016.1143442 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Four Functions for Four Relationships: Consensus Definitions of University Students
Jonason, P. K. (2013) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-013-0189-7 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The Upside to Hooking Up: College Students’ Positive Hookup Experiences
Snapp, S. D., Ryu, E., & Kerr, J. (2014) · International Journal of Sexual Health · doi:10.1080/19317611.2014.939247 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Kahalon, R., Bareket, O., Vial, A. C., Sassenhagen, N., Becker, J. C., & Shnabel, N. (2019) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0361684319843298 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
The impact of men's magazines on adolescent boys' objectification and courtship beliefs
Ward, L. M., Vandenbosch, L., & Eggermont, S. (2015) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.12.004 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationKatz, J., & Schneider, M. E. (2015) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-015-0467-z · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Garcia, T. A., Litt, D., Davis, K. C., Norris, J., Kaysen, D. L., & Lewis, M. A. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01872 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Partner Meeting Contexts and Risky Behavior in College Students’ Other-Sex and Same-Sex Hookups
Kuperberg, A., & Padgett, J. E. (2017) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2015.1124378 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Why do they hook up? Attachment style and motives of college students
Snapp, S. D., Lento, R. M., Ryu, E., & Rosen, K. S. (2014) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/pere.12043 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Olmstead, S. B., Norona, J. C., & Anders, K. M. (2018) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-018-1233-4 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Negotiating a sexy masculinity on social networking sites
Manago, A. M. (2013) · Feminism & Psychology · doi:10.1177/0959353513487549 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Watson, R. J., Snapp, S. D., & Wang, S. (2017) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-017-0831-2 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Communicative Dilemmas in Emerging Adults’ Friends With Benefits Relationships
Knight, K. (2014) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/2167696814549598 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Sexual Development in Adolescents
Fortenberry, J. D. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-387759-8.00007-6 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Romantic Ideation, Partner-Seeking, and HIV Risk Among Young Gay and Bisexual Men
Bauermeister, J. A. (2011) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9747-z · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Jonason, P. K., & Balzarini, R. N. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39277-6_2 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Accounting for Men’s Refusal of Heterosex: A Story-Completion Study With Young Adults
Beres, M. A., Terry, G., Senn, C. Y., & Ross, L. K. (2017) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2017.1399978 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Sex, Commitment, and Casual Sex Relationships Among College Men: A Mixed-Methods Analysis
Olmstead, S. B., Billen, R. M., Conrad, K. A., Pasley, K., & Fincham, F. D. (2013) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-012-0047-z · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Beyond hookup culture: Current trends in the study of college student sex and where to next
Pham, J. M. (2017) · Sociology Compass · doi:10.1111/soc4.12499 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The Role of Family Structure and Attachment in College Student Hookups
Garneau, C. L., Olmstead, S. B., Pasley, K., & Fincham, F. D. (2013) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-013-0118-9 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Simmering on the Back Burner: Communication with and Disclosure of Relationship Alternatives
Dibble, J. L., Drouin, M. A., Aune, K. J., & Boller, R. R. (2015) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463373.2015.1039719 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Young Women’s Satisfaction With Sex and Romance, and Emotional Reactions to Sex
Zimmer‐Gembeck, M. J., See, L., & O’Sullivan, L. F. (2014) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/2167696814548060 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Primary Relationship Scripts Among Lower‐income, African American Young Adults
Eyre, S. L., Flythe, M., Hoffman, V., & Fraser, A. E. (2012) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/j.1545-5300.2012.01397.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Olmstead, S. B., Roberson, P. N. E., Pasley, K., & Fincham, F. D. (2013) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2013.843147 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Williams, L. R., & Rueda, H. A. (2013) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.04.023 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Sexual Partner Typologies Among Single Young Men Who Have Sex with Men
Bauermeister, J. A. (2014) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-014-0932-7 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Trinh, S. L., & Ward, L. M. (2015) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2015.1015715 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of romantic relationship status in pathways of risk for emerging adult alcohol use.
Salvatore, J. E., Thomas, N., Cho, S. B., Adkins, A. E., Kendler, K. S., & Dick, D. M. (2016) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000145 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Pre-exposure prophylaxis sorting among men who have sex with men
Martinez, J. E., & Jonas, K. J. (2018) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2018.1533229 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Intimacy Through Casual Sex: Relational Context of Sexual Activity and Affectionate Behaviours
Garcia, J. R., Gesselman, A. N., Massey, S. G., Seibold-Simpson, S. M., & Merriwether, A. M. (2018) · Journal of Relationships Research · doi:10.1017/jrr.2018.10 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Mutchler, M. G., & McDavitt, B. (2010) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/cyq069 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Sexual Behavior and Daily Affect in Emerging Adulthood
Vasilenko, S. A., & Lefkowitz, E. S. (2018) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/2167696818767503 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Setty, E. (2022) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-022-01335-9 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Preface to sexual scripts: social and therapeutic implications
McCormick, N. B. (2010) · Sexual & Relationship Therapy · doi:10.1080/14681990903563707 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
From kissing to coitus? Sex‐of‐partner differences in the sexual milestone achievement of young men
Smiler, A. P., Frankel, L. B. W., & Savin‐Williams, R. C. (2010) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2010.08.009 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationQualitative Interviews with Adolescents about “Friends‐with‐Benefits” Relationships
Erlandsson, K., Nordvall, C. J., Öhman, A., & Häggström‐Nordin, E. (2012) · Public Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1525-1446.2012.01040.x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
First Semester College Students’ Definitions of and Expectations for Engaging in Hookups
Olmstead, S. B., Conrad, K. A., & Anders, K. M. (2017) · Journal of Adolescent Research · doi:10.1177/0743558417698571 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Third Wave Feminism and Emerging Adult Sexuality: Friends with Benefits Relationships
Williams, J. C., & Jovanović, J. (2014) · Sexuality & Culture · doi:10.1007/s12119-014-9252-3 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Text to sex: The impact of cell phones on hooking up and sexuality on campus
Goluboff, S. L. (2015) · Mobile Media & Communication · doi:10.1177/2050157915603759 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Rodrigue, C., Blais, M., Lavoie, F., Adam, B. D., Goyer, M.-F., & Magontier, C. (2017) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2017.1399195 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Reid, J. A., Webber, G. R., & Elliott, S. (2015) · Symbolic Interaction · doi:10.1002/symb.153 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Aubrey, J. S., & Smith, S. E. (2015) · Mass Communication & Society · doi:10.1080/15205436.2015.1070875 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Friends with benefits? Gendered performances in women's casual sexual relationships
Fahs, B., & Munger, A. K. (2015) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/pere.12073 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Farvid, P., & Braun, V. (2018) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-017-1124-0 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Lips, H. M. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315178233 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Pham, J. M. (2019) · Sociological Forum · doi:10.1111/socf.12489 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Caring, Chemistry, and Orgasms: Components of Great Sexual Experiences
Walker, A. M., & Lutmer, A. (2023) · Sexuality & Culture · doi:10.1007/s12119-023-10087-x · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Weaver, A. D., Claybourn, M., & MacKeigan, K. L. (2013) · The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality · doi:10.3138/cjhs.2128 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Masculinities and Hooking Up: Sexual Decision-Making at College
Kalish, R. (2013) · Culture Society and Masculinities · doi:10.3149/csm.0502.147 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Kettrey, H. H., & Johnson, A. D. (2020) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2020.1766403 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“They're Just a Good Time and Move On”: Fraternity Men Reflect on Their Hookup Experiences
Stinson, R. D., Levy, L. B., & Alt, M. (2014) · Journal of College Student Psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/87568225.2014.854683 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A metasynthesis of qualitative studies on casual sexual relationships and experiences
Rodrigue, C., & Fernet, M. (2016) · The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality · doi:10.3138/cjhs.253-a6 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Anders, K. M., & Olmstead, S. B. (2019) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-018-1332-2 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
A Fertile Ground for Ambiguities: Casual Sexual Relationships Among Portuguese Emerging Adults
Luz, R. F., Alvarez, M., Godinho, C. I. A., & Pereira, C. R. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.823102 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Calzo, J. P. (2013) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2012.724119 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationKratzer, J. M. W., & Aubrey, J. S. (2015) · Sexuality & Culture · doi:10.1007/s12119-015-9318-x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Mongeau, P. A., van Raalte, L. J., Bednarchik, L. A., & Generous, M. A. (2019) · Southern Communication Journal · doi:10.1080/1041794x.2019.1641837 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Sullivan, S. P., Pingel, E. S., Stephenson, R. S., & Bauermeister, J. A. (2017) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-017-1058-6 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Expected, ideal, and actual relational outcomes of emerging adults' “hook ups”
Weitbrecht, E. M., & Whitton, S. W. (2017) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/pere.12220 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Partner Type and Young Women’s Sexual Behavior: A Qualitative Inquiry
Norris, A. L., Carey, K. B., Guthrie, K. M., Rich, C. M., Krieger, N. H., Kaplan, C., & Carey, M. P. (2020) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-020-01780-1 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Hookup Sex Versus Romantic Relationship Sex in College: Why Do We Care and What Do We Do?
Calzo, J. P. (2013) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.03.001 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationFriends with Benefits: Dating Practices of Rural High School and College Students
Letcher, A., & Carmona, J. (2014) · Journal of Community Health · doi:10.1007/s10900-014-9966-z · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Australian women talk about non-romantic sex
Moran, C., & Lee, C. (2012) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2012.748685 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Collins, T. J., & Horn, T. L. (2018) · Journal of Social and Personal Relationships · doi:10.1177/0265407518755554 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
An Empirical Examination of Hookup Definitions Across the Literature, 2000–2019
Bible, J., Matera, K. N., & van Eeden‐Moorefield, B. (2022) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-021-02115-4 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- Epstein, M., Calzo, J. P., Smiler, A. P., & Ward, L. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- State University of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Epstein, Marina
- Venue
- Journal of Sex Research
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2009-09-24
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 414-424
- ISSN
- 0022-4499 (ISSN-L)
- 1559-8519
- OpenAlex
- W1985489051
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 32.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Sex Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32-HD007109-26, T32HD007109)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Marriage and Sexual Relationships
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Roles and Identity Studies
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Keywords
- hooking up, friends with benefits, casual sex, masculinity, male sexual behavior, sexual scripts, emotional connection
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Courtship, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Sexual Partners, Midwestern United States, Negotiating, Homosexuality, Male, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
