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Cited by 718

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The physical activity, fitness and health of children

Boreham, Colin, Riddoch, Chris·2001·Journal of Sports Sciences
DOI 10.1080/026404101317108426
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Abstract

It is clear that, despite their natural tendencies, children have become less physically active in recent decades, with children today expending approximately 600 kcal days' less than their counterparts 50 years ago. Although the health consequences of a reduced energy expenditure in adults is well documented, there is little direct evidence linking sedentariness with health in children. However, three main benefits arising from adequate childhood physical activity have been postulated. The first is direct improvements in childhood health status; evidence is accumulating that more active children generally display healthier cardiovascular profiles, are leaner and develop higher peak bone masses than their less active counterparts. Secondly, there is a biological carry-over effect into adulthood, whereby improved adult health status results from childhood physical activity. In particular, childhood obesity may be a precursor for a range of adverse health effects in adulthood, while higher bone masses in young people reduce the risk of osteoporosis in old age. Finally, there may be a behavioural carry-over into adulthood, whereby active children are more likely to become more active (healthy) adults. However, supporting evidence for this assertion is weak. Given this background, recent health guidelines suggesting that children should accumulate 60 min of moderate-intensity physical activity every day--supplemented by regular activities that promote strength flexibility and bone strength--appear to be justified. Future developments should include the implementation of large-scale, longitudinal studies spanning childhood and young adulthood, the further refinement of tools for measuring physical activity accurately in young people, and research into the relative strength of association between fitness--as well as activity--and health in children.

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Show all 10 references

Research works printed but not linked: 14

  1. Åstrand, P.O. (1994). Physical activity and fitness: evolutionary perspective and trends for the future. In Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health: International Proceedings and Consensus Statement (edited by C. Bouchard, R. J. Shephard and T. Stephens), pp. 98-105. Champaign, EL: Human Kinetics.
  2. Biddle, S., Cavill, N. and SaIlis, J. (1998). Policy framework for young people and health-enhancing physical activity. In Young and Active? Young People and Health-enhancing Physical Activity: Evidence and Implications (edited by S. Biddle, J. Sallis and N. Cavill), pp. 3-16. London: Health Education Authority.
  3. Blair, S. N. (1994). Physical activity, fitness and coronary heart disease. In Physical Activity, Fitness and Health: International Proceedings and Consensus Statement (edited by C. Bouchard, R.J. Shephard and T. Stephens), pp. 579-590. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  4. Blair, S. N. and Meredith, M. D. (1994). The exercise-health relationship: does it apply to children and youth? In Health and Fitness through Physical Education (edited by R.R. Pate and R.C. Hohn), pp. 11-19. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  5. Blair, S. N., Clark, D. G., Cureton, K. J. and Powell, K. E. (1989a). Exercise and fitness in childhood: implications for a lifetime of health. In Perspectives in Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Vol. 2: Youth, Exercise and Sport (edited by C.V. Gisolfi and D.R. Lamb), pp. 401-430. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  6. Durnin, J. V. G.A. (1992). Physical activity levels - past and present. In Physical Activity and Health: Symposium of the Society for the Study of Human Biology (edited by N.G. Norgan), pp. 20-27. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. · DOI
  7. Lee, I.M. (1994). Physical activity, fitness and cancer. In Physical Activity, Fitness and Health: International Proceedings and Consensus Statement (edited by C. Bouchard, R.J. Shephard and T. Stephens), pp. 814-831. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  8. Reiff, G. G., Dixon, W. R., Jacoby, D., Ye, G. X., Spain, G. G. and Hunsicker, P. A. (eds) (1986). The President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports National School Population Fitness Survey. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
  9. Riddoch, C. J. (1998). Relationships between physical activity and physical health in young people. In Young and Active? Young People and Health-enhancing Physical Activity: Evidence and Implications (edited by S. Biddle, J. Sallis and N. Cavill), pp. 17-48. London: Health Education Authority.
  10. Rowland, T. W. (ed.) (1990). Exercise and Children's Health. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  11. Taylor, W. C., Baranowski, T. and SaIlis, J. F. (1994). Family determinants of childhood physical activity: a social-cognitive model. In Advances in Exercise Adherence (edited by R.K. Dishman), pp. 319-342. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  12. Thompson, G. R. and Wilson, P. W. (1982). Coronary Risk Factors and Their Assessment. London: London Science Press.
  13. Van Mechelen, W. (1997b). Etiology and prevention of sports injuries in youth. In Children and Exercise XVIII: Exercise and Fitness - Benefits and Risks (edited by K. Froberg, O. Lammert, H. Steen Hansen and J.R. Blimkie), pp. 209-227. Odense: Odense University Press.
  14. Welk, G. J. (1994). A comparison of methods for the assessment of physical activity in children. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ.

Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Boreham, C., & Riddoch, C.
Venue
Journal of Sports Sciences
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2001-01
Volume
19
Issue
12
Pages
915-929
ISSN
  • 0264-0414 (ISSN-L)
  • 1466-447X
DOI
10.1080/026404101317108426
OpenAlex
W2049078471
Cited by
718
References
10
FWCI
5.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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