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Cited by 510Social and Intergroup PsychologyBehavioral Health and InterventionsPsychology of Social Influence

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 120 of the 120 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A Meta-Analysis of Research on Inoculation Theory

Banas, John A., Rains, Stephen A.·2010·Communication Monographs
DOI 10.1080/03637751003758193
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Abstract

A meta-analysis of 54 cases testing the effectiveness of inoculation theory at conferring resistance and examining the mechanisms of the theory was conducted. The analyses revealed inoculation messages to be superior to both supportive messages and no-treatment controls at conferring resistance. Additionally, the results revealed refutational same and refutational different preemptions to be equally effective at reducing attitude change. However, the data were not consistent with some predictions made in narrative reviews of inoculation. No significant increase in resistance as a function of threat or involvement was found. Further, instead of a curvilinear effect for delay on resistance, the point estimates from our meta-analysis revealed equivalent resistance between immediate and moderate delays between inoculation and attack, with a decay in resistance after two weeks.

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Show all 116 references

Research works printed but not linked: 19

  1. 10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · DOI · Paper page
  2. *An , C. 2003 . Efficacy of inoculation strategies in promoting resistance to political attack messages: Source credibility perspective . Unpublished doctoral dissertation , University of Oklahoma .
  3. 10.1207/s15567419cy2901_4 · DOI
  4. *Davis , C. M. 1965 . An experimental analysis of propaganda-resistance-conferring techniques for controversial and non-controversial issues . Unpublished doctoral dissertation , University of Iowa .
  5. 10.1002/mar.4220120509 · DOI
  6. 10.1016/B978-0-08-057065-5.50010-5 · DOI · Paper page
  7. 10.1162/105474603321640932 · DOI
  8. 10.1037/h0044782 · DOI
  9. *Koehler , J. W. 1968 . Effects on audience opinion of one-sided and two-sided speeches supporting and opposing a proposition, examining opinions on speaker's ethos, the topic and the “open mindedness” of listeners . Unpublished doctoral dissertation , Pennsylvania State University .
  10. *Lee , W.-P. 1997 . The effects of cognitive and affective inoculation appeals in conferring resistance against cognitive and affective attacks . Unpublished doctoral dissertation , University of Wisconsin at Madison .
  11. *MacDougall , B. L. 2001 . The role of attitude bases and argument type in the inoculation effect . Unpublished Master's thesis , Queen's University .
  12. 10.1111/j.1468–2958.2007.00290_2.x · DOI
  13. Pfau , M. 1997 . “ The inoculation model of resistance to influence ” . In Progress in communication sciences: Advances in persuasion , Edited by: Barnett , G. A. and Boster , F. J. Vol. 13 , 133 – 171 . Greenwich, CT : Ablex .
  14. *Pfau , M. , Compton , J. , Parker , K. Wittenberg , E. , An , C. , Ferguson , M. et al. . 2003 . Inoculation, mental processing, and time: The short- and long-term influence of associative networks in the process of resistance to counterattitudinal influence . Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association , San Diego, CA .
  15. 10.1080/03637750302474 · DOI
  16. *Shapiro , M. E. 1978 . The effect of belief type, pretreatment strategy, and language intensity on the induction of resistance to persuasion . Unpublished doctoral dissertation , Florida State University .
  17. Szabo , E. A. , & Pfau , M. 2001 , November . Reactance as a response to antismoking messages . Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association , Atlanta, GA .
  18. *Wood , M. L. M. 2006 . Expertise and prior attitude: Exploring new moderators in the context of inoculation research . Unpublished doctoral dissertation , University of Wisconsin at Madison .
  19. *Yin , S. 2003 . Priming in the inoculation process: An alternative route of resistance to persuasion . Unpublished doctoral dissertation , University of Wisconsin at Madison .

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Metadata

Authors
Banas, J. A., & Rains, S. A.
Affiliations
  • University of Oklahoma (US)
  • University of Arizona (US)
Corresponding author
Banas, John A.
ORCID
Venue
Communication Monographs
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2010-09
Volume
77
Issue
3
Pages
281-311
ISSN
  • 0363-7751 (ISSN-L)
  • 1479-5787
DOI
10.1080/03637751003758193
OpenAlex
W2144729414
Cited by
510
References
116
Citations by year
2026: 82 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 52 · 2021: 63 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 5
FWCI
3.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Communication Monographs (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychology of Social Influence
Keywords
inoculation theory, attitude change, threat level, audience involvement, persuasion

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