Biochemical Functions of Coenzyme Q 10

Crane, Frederick L.

doi:10.1080/07315724.2001.10719063

Cited by 869Coenzyme Q10 studies and effectsAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative StressBioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents

Biochemical Functions of Coenzyme Q 10

Crane, Frederick L.·2001·Journal of the American College of Nutrition

DOI 10.1080/07315724.2001.10719063

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Abstract

Coenzyme Q is well defined as a crucial component of the oxidative phosphorylation process in mitochondria which converts the energy in carbohydrates and fatty acids into ATP to drive cellular machinery and synthesis. New roles for coenzyme Q in other cellular functions are only becoming recognized. The new aspects have developed from the recognition that coenzyme Q can undergo oxidation/reduction reactions in other cell membranes such as lysosomes. Golgi or plasma membranes. In mitochondria and lysosomes, coenzyme Q undergoes reduction/oxidation cycles during which it transfers protons across the membrane to form a proton gradient. The presence of high concentrations of quinol in all membranes provides a basis for antioxidant action either by direct reaction with radicals or by regeneration of tocopherol and ascorbate. Evidence for a function in redox control of cell signaling and gene expression is developing from studies on coenzyme Q stimulation of cell growth, inhibition of apoptosis, control of thiol groups, formation of hydrogen peroxide and control of membrane channels. Deficiency of coenzyme Q has been described based on failure of biosynthesis caused by gene mutation, inhibition of biosynthesis by HMG coA reductase inhibitors (statins) or for unknown reasons in ageing and cancer. Correction of deficiency requires supplementation with higher levels of coenzyme Q than are available in the diet.

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CoQ10 location close to membranes protects them from free radicals-induced damage and prevents peroxidation of lipids and DNA damage.
“Its location close to the membranes protects them from free radicals-induced damage and prevents peroxidation of lipids and DNA damage (Crane 2001).”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Crane 2001

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Authors: Crane, F. L.
Affiliations: Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
Corresponding author: Crane, Frederick L.
Venue: Journal of the American College of Nutrition
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2001-12
Volume: 20
Issue: 6
Pages: 591-598
ISSN: 0731-5724 (ISSN-L)
1541-1087
DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2001.10719063
OpenAlex: W2138961575
Cited by: 869
References: 72
Citations by year: 2026: 35 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 51 · 2012: 37
FWCI: 0.86
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of the American College of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Coenzyme Q10 studies and effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Bioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents
Keywords: coenzyme Q10, oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial bioenergetics, proton gradient, antioxidant activity, ascorbate regeneration, redox signaling, apoptosis inhibition, sulfhydryl groups, hydrogen peroxide, membrane channels, coenzyme Q deficiency, statins, aging, cancer, dietary supplementation
MeSH terms: Antioxidants, Biochemical Phenomena, Coenzymes, Humans, Ubiquinone

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Biochemical Functions of Coenzyme Q 10

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