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Agroecosystem Management and Nutritional Quality of Plant Foods: The Case of Organic Fruits and Vegetables
Open accessAbstract
Organic and conventional crop management systems differ in terms of the fertilisers and plant protection methods used. Ecological and agronomic research on the effect of fertilization on plant composition shows that increasing availability of plant available nitrogen reduces the accumulation of defense-related secondary metabolites and vitamin C, while the contents of secondary metabolites such as carotenes that are not involved in defense against diseases and pests may increase. In relation to human health, increased intake of fruits and vegetables is linked to reduced risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease. This benefit may be primarily due to their content of defense-related secondary metabolites, since most other constituents of fruits and vegetables either are not unique to these foods or have been shown to not provide health benefits when the intake is increased. A meta-analysis of the published comparisons of the content of secondary metabolites and vitamins in organically and conventionally produced fruits and vegetables showed that in organic produce the content of secondary metabolites is 12% higher than in corresponding conventional samples ( P< 0.0001). This overall difference spans a large variation among sub-groups of secondary metabolites, from a 16% higher content for defence-related compounds ( P< 0.0001) to a nonsignificant 2% lower content for carotenoids, while vitamin C showed a 6% higher content ( P= 0.006). Based on the assumption that increasing the content of biologically active compounds in fruits and vegetables by 12% would be equivalent to increasing the intake of fruits and vegetables by the same 12%, a model developed to calculate the health outcome of increasing the intake of fruits and vegetables was then used to tentatively estimate the potential increase in life expectancy that would be achieved by switching from conventional to organic produce without changing the amount consumed per day, to 17 days for women and 25 days for men.
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“However, these systematic reviews (1) used different methodologies (e.g. weighted and unweighted meta-analyses) and inclusion criteria, (2) did not cover most of the large amount of information published in the last 4–5 years, (3) provided no structured assessment of the strength of the evidence presented, and (4) came to contrasting conclusions.”
In the citing paper
“Several systematic literature reviews have recently analysed the available published information, using both qualitative and quantitative methods, with the aim of identifying the potential effects of organic and conventional production protocols on the nutritional quality of crops( 19 – 21 ).”
In the citing paper
“As a result, there is still considerable controversy as to whether the use of organic production standards results in significant and consistent changes in the concentrations of potentially health-promoting (e.g. antioxidants, (poly)phenolics, vitamins and certain minerals) and potentially harmful (e.g. Cd and Pb) compounds in crops and crop-based foods( 7 , 19 – 22 ).”
In the citing paper
“In contrast, there is increasing evidence that differences in fertilisation regimens between organic and conventional production systems (and, in particular, the non-use of high mineral N fertiliser inputs) are significant drivers for higher (poly)phenolic concentrations in organic crops( 20 , 49 – 52 ).”
In the citing paper
“For plant secondary metabolites, this confirms the results of the meta-analyses carried out by Brandt et al. ( 20 ), which indicated that there are significant composition differences between organic and conventional crops for a range of nutritionally relevant compounds.”
In the citing paper
“As has been mentioned in previous reviews( 19 – 21 ), pooling diverse information was necessary, because for most of the composition parameters, the number of published studies available was not sufficient to carry out separate meta-analyses for specific countries/regions and crop types and species.”
In the citing paper
“In contrast to previous literature reviews( 19 – 21 ), the larger number of studies now available allowed separate meta-analyses to be carried out for different crop types (e.g. fruits, vegetables and cereals), but only for a limited number of composition parameters.”
In the citing paper
“This is not surprising as both genetic and environmental/agronomic factors are known to affect the concentrations of N, , , proteins, sugars, antioxidants/(poly)phenolics, Cd and pesticides in crops( 7 , 9 – 12 , 20 , 47 – 52 , 62 ).”
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“by the authors as closest to the typical, contemporary organic/ conventional farming system was used in the meta-analyses, as recommended by Brandt et al.((20)).”
InfluentialSelf-citationAre Organic Foods Safer or Healthier Than Conventional Alternatives?: A Systematic Review
Smith-Spangler, C., Brandeau, M. L., Hunter, G. E., Bavinger, J. C., Pearson, M., Eschbach, P. J., Sundaram, V., Liu, H., Schirmer, P., Stave, C., et al. (2012) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-157-5-201209040-00007 · Cited by 602
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Seufert, V., & Ramankutty, N. (2017) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602638 · Cited by 523
“S3 and S5) and only the oldest and smallest (104) of four quantitative reviews and meta-analyses (101, 102, 104, 105) did not find an effect.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialFinancial competitiveness of organic agriculture on a global scale
Crowder, D. W., & Reganold, J. P. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1423674112 · Cited by 518
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“However, plant chemistry depends not only on the production system but also on weather conditions, soil type, genotype (variety), ripening stage of the product at harvest, and postharvest conditions (Brandt et al. 2011, Huber et al. 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialHuman health implications of organic food and organic agriculture: a comprehensive review
Mie, A., Andersen, H. R., Gunnarsson, S., Kahl, J., Kesse‐Guyot, E., Rembiałkowska, E., Quaglio, G., & Grandjean, P. (2017) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/s12940-017-0315-4 · Cited by 563
“Meta-analyses report only small effect sizes of the organic production system on vitamin C content [25, 158, 159].”
BackgroundHealth motive and the purchase of organic food: A meta‐analytic review
Rana, J., & Paul, J. (2019) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1111/ijcs.12556 · Cited by 388
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“Results only published in graphical form were enlarged, printed, measured (using a ruler) and then entered into the database as previously described((5)).”
InfluentialSelf-citationŚrednicka-Tober, D., Barański, M., Seal, C. J., Sanderson, R., Benbrook, C. M., Steinshamn, H., Gromadzka-Ostrowska, J., Rembiałkowska, E., Skwarło‐Sońta, K., Eyre, M., et al. (2016) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114516000349 · Cited by 228
“In such cases, only the organic and conventional system identi fi ed by the authors as closest to the typical, contemporary organic/conventional farming system was used in the meta-analysis, as recommended by Brandt et al. (11) .”
Self-citationOrganic Farming, Soil Health, and Food Quality: Considering Possible Links
Reeve, J. R., Hoagland, L., Villalba, J. J., Carr, P. M., Atucha, A., Cambardella, C. A., Davis, D. R., & Delate, K. M. (2016) · Advances in agronomy · doi:10.1016/bs.agron.2015.12.003 · Cited by 186
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“This likely entailed underestimated nutrient intakes among organic food consumers given the potentially different nutritional composition for some items [9,11,43,47,48].”
BackgroundHormetic Effects of Phytochemicals on Health and Longevity
Martel, J., Ojcius, D. M., Ko, Y., Ke, P., Wu, C.-Y., Peng, H., & Young, J. D. (2019) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2019.04.001 · Cited by 168
Soil Health and Nutrient Density: Beyond Organic vs. Conventional Farming
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“Conversely, decreased nitrogen availability generally increases the content of defensive compounds in crops, enhancing disease resistance at the expense of growth (Brandt et al., 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialOrganic Agriculture 3.0 is innovation with research
Rahmann, G., Ardakani, M. R., Bàrberi, P., Böhm, H., Canali, S., Chander, M., David, W., Dengel, L., Erisman, J. W., Galvis-Martinez, A. C., et al. (2016) · Organic Agriculture · doi:10.1007/s13165-016-0171-5 · Cited by 173
“…components of organic food and farming and will be supported by the rapid increase in data available to perform meta-analyses comparing levels of relevant compounds in organic and non-organic products (e.g. for plants, see Brandt et al. 2011; Smith- Spangler et al. 2012; Barański et al. 2014).”
BackgroundAnalytical authentication of organic products: an overview of markers
Capuano, E., Boerrigter‐Eenling, R., van der Veer, G., & van Ruth, S. M. (2012) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.5914 · Cited by 147
Postharvest quality and composition of organically and conventionally produced fruits: A review
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Gains to species diversity in organically farmed fields are not propagated at the farm level
Schneider, M. K., Lüscher, G., Jeanneret, P., Arndorfer, M., Ammari, Y., Bailey, D., Balázs, K., Báldí, A., Choisis, J., Dennis, P. N. J., et al. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms5151 · Cited by 139
Are organic consumers preferring or avoiding foods with nutrition and health claims?
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“* Brandt et al., 2011 [113] Organic samples had 12% more secondary metabolites than conventional samples.”
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Kazimierczak, R., Hallmann, E., Lipowski, J., Drela, N., Kowalik, A., Püssa, T., Matt, D., Luik, A., Gozdowskı, D., & Rembiałkowska, E. (2014) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.6722 · Cited by 125
Torjusen, H., Brantsæter, A. L., Haugen, M. A., Alexander, J., Bakketeig, L. S., Lieblein, G., Stigum, H., Næs, T., Swartz, J., Holmboe‐Ottesen, G., et al. (2014) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006143 · Cited by 127
“27 Little difference is reported for most nutrients, except a higher content of phosphorus in organic foods,(22) while higher levels of secondary plant metabolites as well as differences in the microflora on organically compared with conventionally grown plant food have been described.(28) 29 Sales of organic food has…”
InfluentialContribution of Organically Grown Crops to Human Health
Johansson, E., Hussain, A., Kuktaite, R., Andersson, S., & Olsson, M. (2014) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph110403870 · Cited by 122
“grown crops against diseases and pests [104,121].”
Organic Food in the Diet: Exposure and Health Implications
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“Furthermore, organically produced fruit and vegetables have been shown in some cases to have higher concentrations of some naturally occurring secondary plant metabolites such as phenols and flavonoids, some of which are natural defense agents for plants and may also be of importance for human health (7, 17, 73, 82, 9…”
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“Related research concentrates on differences in health effects of foods from the two farming systems and is discussed elsewhere [45-51].”
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“However, other studies indicate that there are no major differences on any vitamin content under different fertilizer dosages in both natural and agricultural environments (Brandt et al. 2011).”
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“Such diets often infer consuming less animal products, but also less prepared food and with less sugar (Brandt et al 2011).”
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“While a number of previous assessments compared differences in the nutritional quality of foods grown with conventional and organic production practices (Svec, Thoroughgood & Mok, 1976; Smith, 1993; Worthington, 2001; Brandt et al., 2011; Hunter et al., 2011; Smith-Spangler et al., 2012; Baranski et al., 2014), few ha…”
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Kahl, J., Baars, T., Bügel, S., Busscher, N., Huber, M., Kusche, D., Rembiałkowska, E., Schmid, O. J., Seidel, K., Taupier‐Letage, B., et al. (2012) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.5640 · Cited by 96
Quality of carrots as affected by pre‐ and postharvest factors and processing
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Increasing the impact of science and technology to provide more people with healthier and safer food
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“, Cd and Pb) compounds (Brandt et al., 2011; Cooper et al., 2011; Dangour et al., 2009; Smith-Spangler et al., 2012) do not differ significantly in comparative studies (OAPs vs.”
BackgroundEffects of organic food consumption on human health; the jury is still out!
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“[9] reported higher levels of antioxidants in organic crops.”
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“They also found lower concentrations of nitrate [26, 27, 30, 33] and lower levels of iodine and selenium in organic milk [32].”
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“In terms of safety, there seems to be a consensus that organically grown fruits and vegetables have lower pesticide residue, heavy metal content and nitrate levels, with clear differences in terms of quality and safety between conventional alternatives [48,50,51].”
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A Comprehensive Analysis of Organic Food: Evaluating Nutritional Value and Impact on Human Health
Rahman, M. A., Baharlouei, P., Koh, E. H. Y., Pirvu, D. G., Rehmani, R., Arcos, M., & Puri, S. (2024) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods13020208 · Cited by 71
“Other experiments have shown similar outcomes in conventional agriculture, such that increased fertilization changes the content of secondary plant metabolites [44].”
ResultBrantsæter, A. L., Torjusen, H., Meltzer, H. M., Papadopoulou, E., Hoppin, J. A., Alexander, J., Lieblein, G., Roos, G., Holten, J. M., Swartz, J., et al. (2015) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1409518 · Cited by 55
“…occurring plant constituents—for example, secondary plant metabolites and lower levels of cadmium and nitrate—and lower incidence of detectable pesticide residues than conventionally produced food (Barański et al. 2014; Brandt et al. 2011; Forman and Silverstein 2012; Smith-Spangler et al. 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialRenzo, L. D., Colica, C., Carraro, A., Cenci-Goga, B. T., Marsella, L., Botta, R., Colombo, M. L., Gratteri, S., Chang, T. F. M., Droli, M., et al. (2015) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-015-0484-2 · Cited by 52
“crop management strategies are capable of modifying phytochemical production [14].”
BackgroundOrganic food and health concerns: a dietary approach using observed data
Denver, S., & Christensen, T. (2015) · NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.njas.2015.05.001 · Cited by 50
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“These compounds, including antioxidants such as polyphenols, vitamin C and carotenoids, have a positive impact on human health (Brandt and Mølgaard 2001; Brandt et al. 2011; Matt et al. 2011). Greater abundance of bioactive compounds in organically than in conventionally produced plants has been confirmed in numerous…”
BackgroundInfluentialMie, A., Laursen, K. H., Åberg, K. M., Forshed, J., Lindahl, A. L., Thorup‐Kristensen, K., Olsson, M. E., Knuthsen, P., Larsen, E. H., & Husted, S. (2014) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-014-7704-0 · Cited by 52
“Notably, recent reviews come to different conclusions whether many [1] or few [2] significant (micro)nutrient differences are detected between organic and conventional crops, apparently due to the application [2] or non-application [1] of family-wise error correction in the meta-analysis of several reported outcomes (…”
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Self-citationPerception of Organic Food Consumption in Romania
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“The demand for growth depends on the strength of consumers’ trust in the organic supply chain and the organic producer [10].”
BackgroundPhytochemicals in animal health: diet selection and trade-offs between costs and benefits
Villalba, J. J., Costes-Thiré, M., & Ginane, C. (2016) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665116000719 · Cited by 56
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“than those produced conventionally [4–8].”
Rosati, A., Cafiero, C., Paoletti, A., Alfei, B., Caporali, S., Casciani, L., & Valentini, M. (2014) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.014 · Cited by 45
“Brandt et al. (2011) also speculated that the production system is likely to affect unknown compounds that are responsible for some health benefits.”
BackgroundMillman, J. M., Waits, K., Grande, H., Marks, A. R., Marks, J. C., Price, L. B., & Hungate, B. A. (2013) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.2-155.v1 · Cited by 45
Vaitkevičienė, N., Kulaitienė, J., Jariené, E., Levickienė, D., Danilčenko, H., Średnicka-Tober, D., Rembiałkowska, E., & Hallmann, E. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12072701 · Cited by 43
Global situation for organic tree fruits
Granatstein, D. M., Kirby, E., Ostenson, H., & Willer, H. (2015) · Scientia Horticulturae · doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.12.008 · Cited by 42
Buckland, K. R., Reeve, J. R., Alston, D. G., Nischwitz, C., & Drost, D. (2013) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.005 · Cited by 44
“Higher N may also lower defense compounds in plants (Brandt et al., 2011; Koricheva et al., 1998; Stamp, 2003) making the plants a more attractive or digestible food source for insects.”
BackgroundPhillips, K. M., Tarragó‐Trani, M. T., McGinty, R. C., Rasor, A. S., Haytowitz, D. B., & Pehrsson, P. R. (2018) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.8941 · Cited by 40
Selected Antioxidants in Organic vs. Conventionally Grown Apple Fruits
Średnicka-Tober, D., Barański, M., Kazimierczak, R., Ponder, A., Kopczyńska, K., & Hallmann, E. (2020) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app10092997 · Cited by 43
Han, W., Wang, D., Fu, S.-W., & Ahmed, S. (2017) · Biological Agriculture & Horticulture · doi:10.1080/01448765.2017.1396497 · Cited by 38
“Several comparative studies revealed that the concentrations of defence-related secondary metabolites may be greater in organic food while the concentrations of minerals, proteins, and carbohydrates in organic food and beverage products were not significantly different than food and beverages from conventional agricul…”
BackgroundThe influence of organic production on food quality – research findings, gaps and future challenges
Załęcka, A., Bügel, S., Paoletti, F., Kahl, J., Bonanno, A., Dostalova, A., & Rahmann, G. (2014) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.6578 · Cited by 38
Brandt, K., Średnicka-Tober, D., Barański, M., Sanderson, R., Leifert, C., & Seal, C. (2013) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf4008967 · Cited by 37
Self-citationORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL FOODS: DIFFERENCES IN NUTRIENTS
Bernacchia, R., Preti, R., & Vinci, G. (2016) · Italian Journal of Food Science · doi:10.14674/1120-1770/ijfs.v224 · Cited by 39
“But different results were obtained considering levels of minerals in organic and conventional fruit and vegetables (BRANDT et al., 2011).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialKazimierczak, R., SIŁAKIEWICZ, A., Hallmann, E., Średnicka-Tober, D., & Rembiałkowska, E. (2016) · Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca · doi:10.15835/nbha44210372 · Cited by 37
“phenolics) in plant foods coming from organic and conventional production systems (Brandt et al., 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialRempelos, L., Barański, M., Sufar, E. K., Gilroy, J., Shotton, P. N., Leifert, H., Średnicka-Tober, D., Hasanaliyeva, G., Rosa, E. A. S., Hajšlová, J., et al. (2023) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy13051225 · Cited by 46
Self-citationBuilding a global platform for organic farming research, innovation and technology transfer
Niggli, U. A., Andrès, C., Willer, H., & Baker, B. P. (2017) · Organic Agriculture · doi:10.1007/s13165-017-0191-9 · Cited by 36
“…difference between organic and conventional foods (Dangour et al. 2010; SmithSpangler et al. 2012), while others have found that organic food has significantly greater density of certain nutrients (Barański et al. 2014; Benbrook et al. 2013; Brandt et al. 2011; Średnicka-Tober et al. 2016a, b).”
BackgroundŚrednicka-Tober, D., Barański, M., Gromadzka-Ostrowska, J., Skwarło-Sońta, K., Rembiałkowska, E., Hajslova, J., Schulzova, V., Çakmak, I., Öztürk, L., Królikowski, T., et al. (2013) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf303978n · Cited by 35
Self-citationBioactive Compounds in Potato Tubers: Effects of Farming System, Cooking Method, and Flesh Color
Grudzińska, M., Czerko, Z., Zarzyńska, K., & Borowska-Komenda, M. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0153980 · Cited by 35
Pokhrel, B., Laursen, K. H., & Petersen, K. K. (2015) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01366 · Cited by 34
Mesnage, R., Tsakiris, I. N., Antoniou, M. N., & Tsatsakis, A. M. (2019) · Current Opinion in Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.cotox.2019.11.003 · Cited by 36
Arslan, A., Soysal, Y., & Keskin, M. (2020) · AgriEngineering · doi:10.3390/agriengineering2030027 · Cited by 34
“It was reported that the secondary metabolites in organic fruits and vegetables were 12% higher than in conventional samples [5].”
BackgroundBender, I., Edesi, L., Hiiesalu, I., Ingver, A., Kaart, T., Kaldmäe, H., Talve, T., Tamm, I., & Luik, A. (2020) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy10091420 · Cited by 33
“According to our results DM content did not differ significantly between organic and conventional carrots, which is in accordance with earlier studies [48,57,64,67], but contradict others which have reported higher DM content in organically cultivated carrots than in conventional carrots [49,52,61,65,66].”
ResultDoes Organic Farming Increase Raspberry Quality, Aroma and Beneficial Bacterial Biodiversity?
Sangiorgio, D., Cellini, A., Spinelli, F., Farneti, B., Khomenko, I., Muzzi, E., Savioli, S., Pastore, C., Rodríguez‐Estrada, M. T., & Donati, I. (2021) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms9081617 · Cited by 34
“Indeed, these conditions might stimulate plant self-protection mechanism and promote the synthesis of secondary metabolites in plants and fruits [102].”
BackgroundAnton, D., Matt, D., Pedastsaar, P., Bender, I., Kazimierczak, R., Roasto, M., Kaart, T., Luik, A., & Püssa, T. (2014) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf500792k · Cited by 33
Impacts of Organic and Conventional Management on the Nutritional Level of Vegetables
Mukherjee, A., Omondi, E. C., Hepperly, P. R., Seidel, R., & Heller, W. P. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12218965 · Cited by 32
“As already mentioned, this is in conformity with multiple studies that have revealed that yields of organically managed crops tend to be lower than those of conventionally managed crops under stress-free conditions [5,8,9,71].”
ResultKobi, H. B., Martins, M. C., Silva, P. I., de Souza, J. L., INCAPER – Centro Serrano, V. N. D. I., Carneiro, J. C. S., Heleno, F. F., de Queiroz, M. E. L. R., & Costa, N. M. B. (2018) · Fruits · doi:10.17660/th2018/73.1.5 · Cited by 32
Functional Food and Organic Food are Competing Rather than Supporting Concepts in Europe
Kahl, J., Załęcka, A., Ploeger, A., Bügel, S., & Huber, M. (2012) · Agriculture · doi:10.3390/agriculture2040316 · Cited by 31
“Therefore expected health benefits can only be claimed on the basis of models [28].”
BackgroundPark, Y. S., Ham, K., Kang, S., Park, Y.-K., Namieśnik, J., Hanna Leontowicz, A., Maria Leontowicz, A., Ezra, A., Trakhtenberg, S., & Gorinstein, S. (2012) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf3010614 · Cited by 31
Tabesh, A. R., Batt, P. J., & Butler, B. (2015) · Journal of Food Products Marketing · doi:10.1080/10454446.2014.949987 · Cited by 29
Ecological and Nutritional Functions of Agroecosystems as Indicators of Smallholder Resilience
Stratton, A. E., Kuhl, L., & Blesh, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems · doi:10.3389/fsufs.2020.543914 · Cited by 34
“They can also elicit phytochemical responses that may impact crop secondary metabolite concentrations relevant to human diets (Liu, 2003; Brandt et al., 2011; Hunter, 2016a).”
BackgroundHuber, M., Bakker, M. H., Dijk, W., Prins, H. A. B., & Wiegant, F. A. C. (2012) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.5563 · Cited by 29
Dhlamini, B., Paumo, H. K., Kamdem, B. P., Katata-Seru, L., & Bahadur, I. (2022) · Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2022.107729 · Cited by 21
Samphire, M., Chadwick, D. R., & Jones, D. L. (2023) · Frontiers in Agronomy · doi:10.3389/fagro.2023.1141608 · Cited by 27
“One potential benefit of this low N supply is that lower soil mineral N may reduce harmful N losses when expressed on a per unit area basis, however, this perceived benefit disappears on a yield-scaled basis (Walters and Bingham, 2007; Brandt et al., 2011; Tuomisto et al., 2012).”
BackgroundBach, V., Kidmose, U., Kristensen, H. L., & Edelenbos, M. (2015) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03161 · Cited by 27
Øvsthus, I., Breland, T. A., Hagen, S. F., Brandt, K., Wold, A., Bengtsson, G., & Seljåsen, R. (2015) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04631 · Cited by 26
Self-citationPacifico, D., & Paris, R. (2016) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su8101054 · Cited by 26
“[16], the plants managed by organic practices have necessarily to cope more frequently with pathogens, and accordingly accumulate more defense-related compounds (such as phenylpropanoids [9,10,12,17]) than conventionally produced tubers.”
BackgroundSeufert, V., Mehrabi, Z., Gabriel, D., & Benton, T. G. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811050-8.00028-5 · Cited by 28
Kazimierczak, R., Hallmann, E., Rusaczonek, A., & Rembiałkowska, E. (2013) · Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems · doi:10.1017/s1742170513000513 · Cited by 25
Organic Agriculture: Principles, Current Status, and Significance
Saffeullah, P., Nabi, N., Liaqat, S., Anjum, N. A., Siddiqi, T. O., & Umar, S. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-48771-3_2 · Cited by 25
Waldman, K. B., & Kerr, J. M. (2015) · Food Policy · doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2015.06.004 · Cited by 25
Effect of organic and inorganic nutrient sources on the yield of selected tropical vegetables
Pradeepkumar, T., Bonny, B. P., Midhila, R., John, J., Divya, M. R., & Roch, C. V. (2017) · Scientia Horticulturae · doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2017.04.022 · Cited by 24
Conventional versus organic farming: Nutrient status
Chausali, N., & Saxena, J. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822358-1.00003-1 · Cited by 25
Anghelcev, G., Mcgroarty, S. M., Sar, S., Moultrie, J. L., & Huang, Y. (2020) · Journal of Food Products Marketing · doi:10.1080/10454446.2020.1792022 · Cited by 25
Glibowski, P. (2020) · Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny · doi:10.32394/rpzh.2020.0110 · Cited by 23
Metadata
- Authors
- Brandt, K., Leifert, C., Sanderson, R., & Seal, C. J.
- Affiliations
- Newcastle University (GB)
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-01
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 177-197
- ISSN
- 0735-2689 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-7836
- OpenAlex
- W2141937908
- Semantic Scholar
- 2813c295572d2bb84716e65514956c99d57c8230
- Cited by
- 253
- References
- 162
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 20.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Funders
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
- European Commission
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Organic Food and Agriculture
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques
- Keywords
- organic farming, conventional farming, organic fruits and vegetables, secondary metabolites, carotenoids, vitamin C, plant nutrition, nitrogen fertilization, plant defense compounds, cancer risk, cardiovascular disease, life expectancy, agroecosystem management
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