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Cited by 73Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesDevelopmental and Educational Neuropsychology

Deficit in Response Inhibition in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Impact of Motivation?

Desman, Christiane, Petermann, Franz, Hampel, Petra·2008·Child Neuropsychology
DOI 10.1080/09297040701625831
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Abstract

To date, neuropsychological and psycho-physiological studies have revealed inconsistent results regarding an executive or motivational deficit explaining the response inhibition deficit in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Research on differentiating neuropsychological processes in ADHD subtypes is still scarce. Therefore, the motivational impact on response inhibition among boys with ADHD was examined in this study. In the first study, 19 boys with ADHD-combined type (ADHD-C) and 19 age-matched healthy control subjects performed a modified Go/No-Go task with the following experimental conditions: neutral, auditory feedback, reward, response cost, and reward/response cost. Performance and physiological data (heart rate and skin conductance responses) were recorded. In a second study with the modified Go/No-Go task, data for six children with ADHD-C, six with ADHD-inattentive subtype (ADHD-I), and six healthy control subjects were compared. Neither of the two studies revealed group by condition interactions. In study 1, boys with ADHD-C generally made more commissions and omissions compared to the control group. However, feedback significantly improved the response inhibition in all children. The heart rate of all children was increased in the two conditions of reward and reward/response cost. Study 2 revealed that children with ADHD-I responded more slowly and showed increased reaction time variability compared to both other groups. The present study supports an executive rather than a motivational deficit in the response inhibition among children with ADHD-C, though further results also indicate the role of auditory feedback on response inhibition. Additionally, the findings support the differentiation of ADHD-C and ADHD-I, suggesting that ADHD-I children are characterized by a sluggish cognitive tempo.

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Crossref · 10.1080/09297040701625831

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  • Crone et al. (2003) and Desman et al. (2008) found no group differences between ADHD and controls on SCRs during a go/no-go task under five different conditions of reinforcement or in response to different levels of punishment.

    “Conversely, two studies measuring relationships between inhibitory control and EDA (Crone et al., 2003;Desman et al., 2008) found no group differences between ADHD and controls on SCRs during a go/no-go task under five different conditions of reinforcement (Desman et al., 2008) or in response to different levels of punishment (Crone et al., 2003).”

    From Is autonomic nervous system function atypical in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)? A systematic review of the evidence (2020) · cites this paper as Desman et al., 2008

  • Desman et al. (2008) reported no significant group differences in HR during a Go-No Go task: all children (controls and ADHD) showed an increase in HR in the reward and response cost conditions, compared to the neutral condition, but there were no group differences.

    “Lastly, Desman et al. (2008) reported no significant group differences in HR (and EDA, described above) during a Go-No Go task: all children (controls and ADHD) showed an increase in HR in the reward and response cost conditions, compared to the neutral condition, but there were no group differences.”

    From Is autonomic nervous system function atypical in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)? A systematic review of the evidence (2020) · cites this paper as Desman et al., 2008

  • Increased reaction time variability has been documented in both pediatric and adult ADHD samples.

    “In addition, increased RTV has been documented in both pediatric [16,17] and adult ADHD samples [18,19].”

    From Reaction Time Variability in ADHD: A Review (2012) · cites this paper as [17]

  • Reaction time standard deviation almost always correlates highly with mean reaction time, making speed and variability difficult to distinguish.

    “Unfortunately, RTSD almost always correlates quite highly (e.g., r00.90; [17]) with the mean reaction time [18,40,41] that 1 cannot distinguish speed and variability limiting the clarity of the psychological or neurophysiological interpretation.”

    From Reaction Time Variability in ADHD: A Review (2012) · cites this paper as [17]

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Authors
Desman, C., Petermann, F., & Hampel, P.
Affiliations
University of Bremen (DE)
Corresponding author
Hampel, Petra
ORCID
Hampel, Petra
Venue
Child Neuropsychology
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2008-11-03
Volume
14
Issue
6
Pages
483-503
ISSN
  • 0929-7049 (ISSN-L)
  • 1744-4136
DOI
10.1080/09297040701625831
OpenAlex
W2074861667
Cited by
73
References
19
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 4
FWCI
4.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Child Neuropsychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Keywords
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, response inhibition, executive function, motivation, ADHD subtypes, combined type ADHD, go/no-go task, auditory feedback, reward, response cost, heart rate, skin conductance, reaction time variability, sluggish cognitive tempo, children
MeSH terms
Analysis of Variance, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Cognition Disorders, Feedback, Galvanic Skin Response, Heart Rate, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Motivation, Reaction Time, Reward, Task Performance and Analysis

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