Underlying processes in the poor response inhibition of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
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This study evaluated the effects of reward, punishment, and reward + punishment on the impulsive responses of ADHD children. The impulsive responses of ADHD and normal control boys (30 per group) were compared during performance of a go/no-go task, administered under reward-only, punishment-only, and reward + punishment conditions. When differences in aggression, anxiety, and IQ between these groups were controlled for, results indicated that the impulsivity levels of the ADHD group were higher than the control group in all three reinforcement conditions. Also, the ADHD group was more impulsive in the reward + punishment condition, compared to the reward-only and punishment-only conditions, and there was no difference between the reward-only and punishment-only conditions. The control groups showed no difference across the three reinforcement conditions. These findings raise the possibility that the poor response inhibition of ADHD children may be related to both a generalized inhibitory deficit and a response modulation deficit.
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BART simultaneously presents rewards and negative punishment, which is necessary to optimally evoke impulsive responding.
“BART also simultaneously presents rewards (points) and negative punishment (points revoked for an exploded balloon), which is necessary to optimally evoke impulsive responding (Gomez 2003).”
From Risk taking and sensitivity to punishment in children with ADHD, ODD, ADHD+ODD, and controls (2011) · cites this paper as Gomez 2003
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- Authors
- Gomez, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Ballarat in Australia,
- Corresponding author
- Gomez, Rapson
- ORCID
- Gomez, Rapson
- Venue
- Journal of Attention Disorders
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2003-04
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 111-122
- ISSN
- 1087-0547 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-1246
- OpenAlex
- W1970304726
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 1.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Locations
- Journal of Attention Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) (submittedVersion)
- FedUni ResearchOnline (Federation University Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, response inhibition, impulsivity, reward, punishment, go/no-go task, reinforcement conditions, inhibitory deficits, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Aggression, Anxiety, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Humans, Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders, Inhibition, Psychological, Intelligence, Male, Punishment, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reinforcement, Psychology, Reward, Severity of Illness Index
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