Gender Differences in Silencing Following Childhood Sexual Abuse
Abstract
The clinical literature commonly asserts that males are less likely than females to disclose child sexual abuse at the time it occurs and take longer to discuss their experiences. These hypotheses were tested in this study. This study included 145 men and 151 women. Participants were asked about disclosure at the time of the abuse and the length of time it took for them to discuss the experience. Comparison across these two studies found that boys were significantly less likely than girls to disclose the abuse at the time it occurred and also took significantly longer to discuss their childhood experiences later in life.
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Common stereotypes about male survivors can influence the professionals who serve them, leading some to reinforce silence by suggesting the victims could have stopped the abuse.
“O'Leary, and Barber (2008) found that popular stereotypes regarding male CSA survivors often reached the professionals working with them, causing them sometimes to help silence the victims by perpetuating the notion that they should have been able to prevent the abuse.”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as O'Leary, and Barber (2008)
Hostile views of male victims may deter boys from revealing abuse and men from talking about having been abused in childhood.
“O'Leary and Barber (2008) explained that “negative attitudes towards male victims clearly have the potential to discourage boys from disclosing and men from discussing their experiences as abused children” (p.136).”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as O'Leary and Barber (2008)
A telephone survey of 145 men and 151 women found that men delayed disclosure longer than women and were more likely to be silenced.
“The authors conducted telephone interviews with 145 men and 151 women and found that males generally took longer than females to disclose and ran an increased risk of being silenced.”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as O'Leary and Barber (2008)
O'Leary and Barber (2008) found that males had an increased chance of being silenced about their abuse.
“In other words, males had an increased chance of being silenced regarding their abuse.”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as O'Leary and Barber, 2008
O'Leary and Barber (2008) found that social attitudes toward gender played an important role in silencing male victims.
“The authors noted that social attitudes towards gender seemed to play an important role in the silencing of male victims.”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as O'Leary and Barber, 2008
O'Leary and Barber (2008) found that CSA disclosure was often delayed until later life, and this delay was even more common in men than in women.
“As several other authors have noted, it was found that 23! !disclosure of CSA was often delayed until much later in life, however it was additionally noted that this phenomenon seemed to be even more common in men than in women.”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as O'Leary and Barber, 2008
Cites
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“…prowess, and masculine obsession with heterosexuality and independence (Black & De Blassie, 1993; Cermak & Molidor, 1996; Dhaliwal et al., 1996; Finkelhor et al., 1990; Nasjleti, 1980; Nelson & Oliver, 1998; Paine & Hansen, 2002; Roane, 1992; Sebold, 1987; Spataro, Moss, & Wells, 2001;…”
BackgroundFactors influencing children to self-disclose sexual abuse
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Social and emotional outcomes of childhood sexual abuse
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A Global Perspective on Child Sexual Abuse: Meta-Analysis of Prevalence Around the World
Stoltenborgh, M., van IJzendoorn, M. H., Euser, E. M., & Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J. (2011) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/1077559511403920 · Cited by 2,010 · see citing works
A review of young people's vulnerabilities to online grooming
Whittle, H., Hamilton-Giachritsis, C., Beech, A., & Collings, G. (2013) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2012.11.008 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Disclosure of Child Sexual Abuse Among Adult Male Survivors
Easton, S. D. (2013) · Clinical Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10615-012-0420-3 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors
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Male Survivors of Sexual Abuse: Becoming Gender-Sensitive and Trauma-Informed
Elkins, J., Crawford, K., & Briggs, H. E. (2017) · Advances in Social Work · doi:10.18060/21301 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
- Authors
- O'Leary, P. J., & Barber, J.
- Affiliations
- RMIT University (AU)
- ORCID
- Barber, James
- Venue
- Journal of Child Sexual Abuse
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2008-05-12
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 133-143
- ISSN
- 1053-8712 (ISSN-L)
- 1547-0679
- OpenAlex
- W2048691298
- Cited by
- 204
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 5.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Child Sexual Abuse (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
- Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian National University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Military, Security, and Education Studies
- Keywords
- child sexual abuse, gender differences, disclosure, silencing, delayed disclosure, men and women
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Middle Aged, Peer Group, Surveys and Questionnaires, Mental Recall, Self-Assessment, Self Disclosure, Sex Factors, Survivors, Adult Survivors of Child Abuse
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