What sixty years of research says about the effectiveness of patient education on health: a second order meta-analysis
Abstract
Although meta-analyses have examined the association between patient education and health, the validity and quality of this evidence have not been comprehensively assessed. This second order meta-analysis combined previous meta-analyses that examined the effectiveness of patient education on health outcomes as an overall weighted grand mean d¯¯. Further, measures of methodological quality, meaningful variability across first order meta-analyses, and evidence for publication bias were examined. Forty meta-analyses were identified, investigating 156 associations between patient education and health summarizing data from over 776 studies including more than 74.947 patients. Quantitative analyses showed that patient education positively affects health outcomes with d¯¯ = 0.316 (95% CI [0.304, 0.329]). Summarizing data exclusively from randomized controlled trials indicated a causal effect. Patient education was effective for patients with neoplasms, diabetes, mental and behavioral disorders, diseases of the circulatory system, the respiratory system, and the musculoskeletal system. Patient education was effective in the reduction of medication use, pain, and visits to medical facilities, and significantly improved physiological, physical, psychological outcomes, and patients’ general function. Overall, the findings reveal firm evidence for the effectiveness of patient education on health outcomes. However, theory-based interventions are lacking and need to be implemented to enable a successful transfer from theory to practice.
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Clinical trials highlight the efficacy of therapeutic patient education to promote health and financial benefits in multiple chronic conditions including diabetes, respiratory or circulatory system disease.
“Whereas clinical trials highlight the efficacy of therapeutic patient education to promote health and financial benefits in multiple chronic conditions including diabetes, respiratory or circulatory system disease (Correia et al., 2022; Simonsmeier et al., 2022)”
From Application and challenges of using a Constructivist Grounded Theory methodology to address an undertheorized clinical challenge: A discussion paper (2024) · cites this paper as Simonsmeier et al., 2022
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- Authors
- Simonsmeier, B. A., Flaig, M., Simacek, T., & Schneider, M.
- Affiliations
- Universität Trier (DE)
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Simonsmeier, Bianca A.
- Venue
- Health Psychology Review
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2021-08-24
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 450-474
- ISSN
- 1743-7199 (ISSN-L)
- 1743-7202
- OpenAlex
- W3189971633
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 120
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 6
- FWCI
- 11.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Health Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Keywords
- patient education, health outcomes, methodological quality of meta-analyses, publication bias, randomized controlled trials, cancer patients, diabetes mellitus, mental illness, circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, medication use, pain, health care utilization, theory-based intervention, evidence-based practice
- MeSH terms
- Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Neoplasms, Patient Education as Topic
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