The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Assessment of energy availability and associated risk factors in professional female soccer players
Abstract
This study aimed to assess energy availability (EA), alongside possible risk factors of reduced or low EA of professional female soccer players during a competitive season. Thirteen players (age: 23.7 ± 3.4 y, stature: 1.69 ± 0.08 m, body mass: 63.7 ± 7.0 kg) engaged in a 5‐day (two rest days, one light training, heavy training and match day) monitoring period. Energy intake (EI) and expenditure during exercise (EEE) were measured. EA was calculated and categorised as optimal, reduced or low (>45, 30‐45, <30 kcal·kg FFM−1·day−1, respectively). Relationships between EA and bone mineral density, resting metabolic rate (RMR), plasma micronutrient status, biochemical markers and survey data were assessed. EA was optimal for 15%, reduced for 62% and low for 23% of players. Higher EA was observed on rest days compared to others (P<0.05). EA was higher for the light compared to the heavy training day (P<0.001). EEE differed significantly between days (P<0.05). EI (2124 ± 444 kcal), carbohydrate (3.31 ± 0.64 g·kg·day−1) and protein (1.83 ± 0.41 g·kg·day−1) intake remained similar (P>0.05). Survey data revealed 23% scored 8 on the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire and met criteria for low RMR (ratio <0.90). Relationships between EA and risk factors were inconclusive. Most players displayed reduced EA and did not alter EI or carbohydrate intake according to training or match demands. Although cases of low EA were identified, further work is needed to investigate possible long‐term effects and risk factors of low and reduced EA separately to inform player recommendations.
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“The prevalence of LEA among collegiate and young female athletes is reported to vary between 20 and 60%, depending on the type of sport and the level of competition (5–11).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Moss, S. L., Randell, R. K., Burgess, D., Ridley, S., ÓCairealláin, C., Allison, R., & Rollo, I.
- Affiliations
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences University of Chester Chester UK
- Gatorade Sports Science Institute, R&D Life Sciences, PepsiCo Leicestershire UK
- Arsenal Football Club London UK
- Venue
- European Journal of Sport Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-08-06
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 861-870
- ISSN
- 1746-1391
- 1536-7290
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 9
- Language
- en
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- Moss, S. L., Randell, R. K., Burgess, D., Ridley, S., ÓCairealláin, C., Allison, R., & Rollo, I. (2021). Assessment of energy availability and associated risk factors in professional female soccer players. European Journal of Sport Science. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2020.1788647
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
