Prospective randomized controlled study on the effects of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and amoxicillin-clavulanate or the combination on the gut microbiota of healthy volunteers
Open accessAbstract
Probiotics are believed to be beneficial in maintaining a healthy gut microbiota whereas antibiotics are known to induce dysbiosis. This study aimed to examine the effects of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 (SB), the antibiotic Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (AC) and the combination on the microbiota and symptoms of healthy humans. Healthy subjects were randomized to one of 4 study groups: SB for 14 days, AC for 7 days, SB plus AC, Control (no treatment). Participants gave stool samples and completed gastro-intestinal symptom questionnaires. Microbiota changes in stool specimens were analyzed using 16s rRNA gene pyrosequencing (bTEFAP). Only one subject withdrew prematurely due to adverse events. Subjects treated by S boulardii + AC had fewer adverse events and tolerated the study regimen better than those receiving the AC alone. Control subjects had a stable microbiota throughout the study period. Significant microbiota changes were noted in the AC alone group during antibiotic treatment. AC associated changes included reduced prevalence of the genus Roseburia and increases in Escherichia, Parabacteroides, and Enterobacter. Microbiota alterations reverted toward baseline, but were not yet completely restored 2 weeks after antibiotherapy. No significant shifts in bacterial genera were noted in the SB alone group. Adding SB to AC led to less pronounced microbiota shifts including less overgrowth of Escherichia and to a reduction in antibiotic-associated diarrhea scores. Antibiotic treatment is associated with marked microbiota changes with both reductions and increases in different genera. S. boulardii treatment can mitigate some antibiotic-induced microbiota changes (dysbiosis) and can also reduce antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
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Probiotics-treated hosts after antibiotics have a lower number of observed species in gut microbiota.
“This study and others also demonstrated a lower number of observed species in the gut microbiota of probiotics-treated hosts after antibiotics.93–95”
From Emerging issues in probiotic safety: 2023 perspectives (2023) · cites this paper as [95]
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- Authors
- Kabbani, T. A., Pallav, K., Dowd, S. E., Villafuerte-Galvez, J., Vanga, R. R., Castillo, N. E., Hansen, J., Dennis, M., Leffler, D. A., & Kelly, C. P.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Molecular Research, Shallowater, TX, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Corresponding author
- Kelly, Ciarán P.
- Venue
- Gut Microbes
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-12-14
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 17-32
- ISSN
- 1949-0976 (ISSN-L)
- 1949-0984
- PMC
- PMC5341914
- OpenAlex
- W2561294428
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 3.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Gut Microbes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Harvard Catalyst
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000170)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, gut microbiota, dysbiosis, probiotics, antibiotics, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Roseburia, Escherichia, Parabacteroides, Enterobacter, 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing, healthy volunteers
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Saccharomyces boulardii, Adolescent, Adult, Amoxicillin, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteria, Feces, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Clavulanic Acid, Probiotics, Gastrointestinal Tract, Young Adult, Healthy Volunteers
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