Recent advancements in biochar preparation, feedstocks, modification, characterization and future applications

Biochar effects on soil biota – A review

Lehmann, J., Rillig, M. C., Thies, J., Masiello, C. A., Hockaday, W. C., & Crowley, D. (2011) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.04.022 · Cited by 5,074

Dynamic Molecular Structure of Plant Biomass-Derived Black Carbon (Biochar)

Keiluweit, M., Nico, P. S., Johnson, M. G., & Kleber, M. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9031419 · Cited by 3,230

Bio-char Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems – A Review

Lehmann, J., Gaunt, J., & Rondon, M. (2006) · Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change · doi:10.1007/s11027-005-9006-5 · Cited by 3,053

Biochar for environmental management: science and technology

(2009) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.47-0296 · Cited by 2,947

A review of biochar and its use and function in soil

Sohi, S. P., Krull, E., Lopez-Capel, E., & Bol, R. (2010) · Advances in Agronomy · doi:10.1016/s0065-2113(10)05002-9 · Cited by 2,240

Potential mechanisms for achieving agricultural benefits from biochar application to temperate soils: a review

Atkinson, C. J., Fitzgerald, J. D., & Hipps, N. A. (2010) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-010-0464-5 · Cited by 2,154

Application of biochar for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solutions

Tan, X., Liu, Y., Zeng, G., Wang, X., Hu, X., Gu, Y., & Yang, Z. (2015) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.12.058 · Cited by 2,081

Engineering carbon materials from the hydrothermal carbonization process of biomass

Hu, B., Wang, K., Wu, L., Yu, S., Antonietti, M., & Titirici, M. (2010) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200902812 · Cited by 1,765

Impact of pyrolysis temperature and manure source on physicochemical characteristics of biochar

Cantrell, K. B., Hunt, P. G., Uchimiya, M., Novak, J. M., & Ro, K. S. (2012) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.084 · Cited by 1,502

Extensive Sorption of Organic Compounds to Black Carbon, Coal, and Kerogen in Sediments and Soils: Mechanisms and Consequences for Distribution, Bioaccumulation, and Biodegradation

Cornelissen, G., Gustafsson, Ö., Bucheli, T. D., Jonker, M. T. O., Koelmans, A. A., & van Noort, P. C. M. (2005) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es050191b · Cited by 1,398

A review of biochar as a low-cost adsorbent for aqueous heavy metal removal

Inyang, M. I., Gao, B., Yao, Y., Xue, Y., Zimmerman, A., Mosa, A., Pullammanappallil, P., Ok, Y. S., & Cao, X. (2016) · Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/10643389.2015.1096880 · Cited by 1,397

Biological nitrogen fixation by common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) increases with bio-char additions

Rondon, M. A., Lehmann, J., Ramírez, J., & Hurtado, M. (2007) · Biology and Fertility of Soils · doi:10.1007/s00374-006-0152-z · Cited by 1,333

Engineered/designer biochar for contaminant removal/immobilization from soil and water: Potential and implication of biochar modification

Rajapaksha, A. U., Chen, S. S., Tsang, D. C. W., Zhang, M., Vithanage, M., Mandal, S., Gao, B., Bolan, N. S., & Ok, Y. S. (2016) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.043 · Cited by 1,322

Production and utilization of biochar: A review

Cha, J. S., Park, S. H., Jung, S.-C., Ryu, C., Jeon, J.-K., Shin, M.-C., & Park, Y.-K. (2016) · Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2016.06.002 · Cited by 1,293

Mycorrhizal responses to biochar in soil–concepts and mechanisms

Warnock, D. D., Lehmann, J., Kuyper, T. W., & Rillig, M. C. (2007) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-007-9391-5 · Cited by 1,269

Biochar impact on nutrient leaching from a Midwestern agricultural soil

Laird, D., Fleming, P., Wang, B., Horton, R., & Karlen, D. (2010) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.012 · Cited by 1,250

Properties of dairy-manure-derived biochar pertinent to its potential use in remediation

Cao, X., & Harris, W. (2010) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.052 · Cited by 1,173

Effects of temperature and particle size on bio-char yield from pyrolysis of agricultural residues

Demirbas, A. (2004) · Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis · doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2004.07.003 · Cited by 1,154

Recent advances in utilization of biochar

Qian, K., Kumar, A., V, Zhang, H., Bellmer, D. D., & Huhnke, R. L. (2014) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.10.074 · Cited by 946

Black perspectives for a green future: hydrothermal carbons for environment protection and energy storage

Titirici, M., White, R. J., Falco, C., & Sevilla, M. (2012) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/c2ee21166a · Cited by 938

Heterogeneity of biochar properties as a function of feedstock sources and production temperatures

Zhao, L., Cao, X., Mašek, O., & Zimmerman, A. (2013) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.04.015 · Cited by 933

Review of the pyrolysis platform for coproducing bio‐oil and biochar

Laird, D. A., Brown, R. C., Amonette, J. E., & Lehmann, J. C. (2009) · Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining · doi:10.1002/bbb.169 · Cited by 813

Influence of pyrolysis temperature on characteristics and heavy metal adsorptive performance of biochar derived from municipal sewage sludge

Chen, T., Zhang, Y., Wang, H., Lu, W., Zhou, Z., Zhang, Y., & Ren, L. (2014) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.048 · Cited by 797

Engineered Biochar Reclaiming Phosphate from Aqueous Solutions: Mechanisms and Potential Application as a Slow-Release Fertilizer

Yao, Y., Gao, B., Chen, J., & Yang, L. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es4012977 · Cited by 787 · cited 1×

Hydrogen peroxide modification enhances the ability of biochar (hydrochar) produced from hydrothermal carbonization of peanut hull to remove aqueous heavy metals: Batch and column tests

Xue, Y., Gao, B., Yao, Y., Inyang, M., Zhang, M., Zimmerman, A. R., & Ro, K. S. (2012) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2012.06.116 · Cited by 784

Synthesis of porous MgO-biochar nanocomposites for removal of phosphate and nitrate from aqueous solutions

Zhang, M., Gao, B., Yao, Y., Xue, Y., & Inyang, M. (2012) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2012.08.052 · Cited by 699

Quality variations of poultry litter biochar generated at different pyrolysis temperatures

Song, W., & Guo, M. (2012) · Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis · doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2011.11.018 · Cited by 693

Preparation and characterization of a novel magnetic biochar for arsenic removal

Zhang, M., Gao, B., Varnoosfaderani, S. S., Hebard, A. F., Yao, Y., & Inyang, M. (2012) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.132 · Cited by 688

Biochar Amendment Improves Crop Production in Problem Soils: A Review

Yu, H., Zou, W., Chen, J., Chen, H., Yu, Z., Huang, J., Tang, H., Wei, X., & Gao, B. (2019) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.117 · Cited by 675

Amino modification of biochar for enhanced adsorption of copper ions from synthetic wastewater

Yang, G.-X., & Jiang, H. T. (2013) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2013.09.050 · Cited by 645

Modification of bio-char derived from fast pyrolysis of biomass and its application in removal of tetracycline from aqueous solution

Liu, P., Liu, W.-J., Jiang, H., Chen, J.-J., Li, W.-W., & Yu, H.-Q. (2012) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.085 · Cited by 643

Removal of phosphate from aqueous solution by biochar derived from anaerobically digested sugar beet tailings

Yao, Y., Gao, B., Inyang, M., Zimmerman, A. R., Cao, X., Pullammanappallil, P., & Yang, L. (2011) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.03.083 · Cited by 614

Effects of charcoal addition on N2O emissions from soil resulting from rewetting air-dried soil in short-term laboratory experiments

Yanai, Y., Toyota, K., & Okazaki, M. (2007) · Soil Science & Plant Nutrition · doi:10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00123.x · Cited by 603

Effects of pyrolysis temperature and heating time on biochar obtained from the pyrolysis of straw and lignosulfonate

Zhang, J., Liu, J., & Liu, R. (2015) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.011 · Cited by 560

Use of biochar as bulking agent for the composting of poultry manure: Effect on organic matter degradation and humification

Dias, B. O., Silva, C. A., Higashikawa, F. S., Roig, A., & Sanchez-Monedero, M. A. (2009) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.09.024 · Cited by 523

Amorphous MnO 2 Modified Biochar Derived from Aerobically Composted Swine Manure for Adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II)

Liang, J., Li, X., Yu, Z., Zeng, G., Luo, Y., Jiang, L., Yang, Z., Qian, Y., & Wu, H. (2017) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b00434 · Cited by 518

Use of Chemical and Physical Characteristics To Investigate Trends in Biochar Feedstocks

Mukome, F. N. D., Zhang, X., Silva, L. C. R., Six, J., & Parikh, S. J. (2013) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf3049142 · Cited by 517

The amelioration effects of low temperature biochar generated from nine crop residues on an acidic Ultisol

Yuan, J. ‐., & Xu, R. ‐. (2011) · Soil Use and Management · doi:10.1111/j.1475-2743.2010.00317.x · Cited by 500

Plant-mediated biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles: A review of literature, factors affecting synthesis, characterization techniques and applications

Vijayaraghavan, K., & Ashokkumar, T. (2017) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2017.09.026 · Cited by 490

Surface Charging and Points of Zero Charge

Kosmulski, M. (2009) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420051896 · Cited by 487

Simultaneous capture removal of phosphate, ammonium and organic substances by MgO impregnated biochar and its potential use in swine wastewater treatment

Li, R., Wang, J. J., Zhou, B., Zhang, Z., Liu, S., Lei, S., & Xiao, R. (2017) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.01.069 · Cited by 486

Biochar from microwave pyrolysis of biomass: A review

Li, J., Dai, J., Liu, G., Zhang, H., Gao, Z., Fu, J., He, Y., & Huang, Y. (2016) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2016.09.010 · Cited by 464

Imaging of mineral-enriched biochar by FTIR, Raman and SEM–EDX

Chia, C. H., Gong, B., Joseph, S. D., Marjo, C. E., Munroe, P. R., & Rich, A. M. (2012) · Vibrational Spectroscopy · doi:10.1016/j.vibspec.2012.06.006 · Cited by 457

Influence of HNO3 oxidation on the structure and adsorptive properties of corncob-based activated carbon

El-Hendawy, A.-N. A. (2003) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(03)00029-0 · Cited by 450

Adsorption kinetics of magnetic biochar derived from peanut hull on removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution: Effects of production conditions and particle size

Han, Y., Cao, X., Ouyang, X., Sohi, S., & Chen, J. (2015) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.11.050 · Cited by 447

Enhanced adsorption performance of tetracycline in aqueous solutions by methanol-modified biochar

Jing, X.-R., Wang, Y., Liu, W., Wang, Y., & Jiang, H. T. (2014) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2014.03.006 · Cited by 445

Sorption of heavy metals on chitosan-modified biochars and its biological effects

Zhou, Y., Gao, B., Zimmerman, A. R., Fang, J., Sun, Y., & Cao, X. (2013) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2013.07.036 · Cited by 443

Biochar pyrolytically produced from municipal solid wastes for aqueous As(V) removal: Adsorption property and its improvement with KOH activation

Jin, H., Capareda, S., Chang, Z., Gao, J., Xu, Y., & Zhang, J. (2014) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.103 · Cited by 437

Characterization and environmental applications of clay–biochar composites

Yao, Y., Gao, B., Fang, J., Zhang, M., Chen, H., Zhou, Y., Creamer, A. E., Sun, Y., & Yang, L. (2014) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2013.12.062 · Cited by 426

Biochar as a sustainable electrode material for electricity production in microbial fuel cells

Huggins, T. M., Wang, H., Kearns, J. P., Jenkins, P. E., & Ren, Z. J. (2014) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.058 · Cited by 415

Manganese oxide-modified biochars: Preparation, characterization, and sorption of arsenate and lead

Wang, S., Gao, B., Li, Y. C., Mosa, A. A., Zimmerman, A. R., Ma, L. Q., Harris, W. G., & Migliaccio, K. W. (2015) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2015.01.044 · Cited by 409

Biochar Preparation, Characterization, and Adsorptive Capacity and Its Effect on Bioavailability of Contaminants: An Overview

Nartey, O. D., & Zhao, B. (2014) · Advances in Materials Science and Engineering · doi:10.1155/2014/715398 · Cited by 382

The potential of lignocellulosic biomass precursors for biochar production: Performance, mechanism and wastewater application—A review

Selvasembian, R., & Balasubramanian, P. (2018) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.11.041 · Cited by 360

Effect of biochar application rate on soil physical and hydraulic properties of a sandy loam

Githinji, L. J. M. (2013) · Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science · doi:10.1080/03650340.2013.821698 · Cited by 357

Impact of biochar amendment in agricultural soils on the sorption, desorption, and degradation of pesticides: a review

Liu, Y., Lonappan, L., Brar, S. K., & Yang, S. (2018) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.099 · Cited by 357

Magnetic biochar composite: Facile synthesis, characterization, and application for heavy metal removal

Harikishore Kumar Reddy, D., & Lee, S.-M. (2014) · Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects · doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.03.105 · Cited by 350

Steam and KOH activation of biochar: Experimental and modeling studies

Azargohar, R., & Dalai, A. K. (2008) · Microporous and Mesoporous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2007.06.047 · Cited by 345

Adsorption of As(III) and As(V) by Fe coated biochars and biochars produced from empty fruit bunch and rice husk

Samsuri, A. W., Sadegh‐Zadeh, F., & Seh‐Bardan, B. J. (2013) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2013.08.009 · Cited by 326

Engineered carbon (biochar) prepared by direct pyrolysis of Mg-accumulated tomato tissues: Characterization and phosphate removal potential

Yao, Y., Gao, B., Chen, J., Zhang, M., Inyang, M., Li, Y. C., Ashok Kumar, A. L. V. A., & Yang, L. (2013) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.057 · Cited by 312

Performance, kinetics, and equilibrium of methylene blue adsorption on biochar derived from eucalyptus saw dust modified with citric, tartaric, and acetic acids

Sun, L., Chen, D., Wan, S., & Yu, Z. (2015) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2015.09.026 · Cited by 311

Synthesis of magnetic biochar composites for enhanced uranium(VI) adsorption

Li, M., Liu, H., Chen, T., Chen, D., & Sun, Y. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.259 · Cited by 308

Biochars influence seed germination and early growth of seedlings

Solaiman, Z. M., Murphy, D. V., & Abbott, L. K. (2012) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-011-1031-4 · Cited by 307

Microwave induced pyrolysis of oil palm biomass

Salema, A. A., & Ani, F. N. (2010) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.09.115 · Cited by 294

Evaluation of the physiochemical development of biochars obtained from pyrolysis of wheat straw, timothy grass and pinewood: Effects of heating rate

Mohanty, P., Nanda, S., Pant, K. K., Naik, S. N., Koziński, J. A., & Dalai, A. K. (2013) · Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis · doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2013.05.022 · Cited by 293

Elements uptake by metal accumulator species grown on mine tailings amended with three types of biochar

Fellet, G., Marmiroli, M., & Marchiol, L. (2013) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.072 · Cited by 293

State of the art and future challenges for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is sediments: sources, fate, bioavailability and remediation techniques

Maletić, S. P., Beljin, J., Rončević, S. D., Grgić, M., & Dalmacija, B. (2018) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.020 · Cited by 283

Biochar as a sorbent for emerging contaminants enables improvements in waste management and sustainable resource use

Li, L., Zou, D., Xiao, Z., Zeng, X., Zhang, L., Jiang, L., Wang, A., Ge, D., Zhang, G., & Liu, F. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.087 · Cited by 282

Characterization of Modified Biochars Derived from Bamboo Pyrolysis and Their Utilization for Target Component (Furfural) Adsorption

Li, Y., Shao, J., Wang, X., Deng, Y., Yang, H., & Chen, H. (2014) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef500725c · Cited by 279

Biochar production and applications in sub-Saharan Africa: opportunities, constraints, risks and uncertainties

Gwenzi, W., Chaukura, N., Mukome, F. N. D., Machado, S., & Nyamasoka, B. (2015) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.11.027 · Cited by 277

Adsorption of Single-Ring Organic Compounds to Wood Charcoals Prepared under Different Thermochemical Conditions

Zhu, D., Kwon, S., & Pignatello, J. J. (2005) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es050129e · Cited by 273

Total recovery of resources and energy from rice straw using microwave-induced pyrolysis

Huang, Y., Kuan, W., Lo, S., & Lin, C. (2008) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.026 · Cited by 254

Characterization of products from hydrothermal treatments of cellulose

Gao, Y., Wang, X., Yang, H., & Chen, H. (2012) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2012.03.023 · Cited by 253

Synthesis, characterisation and methyl orange adsorption capacity of ferric oxide–biochar nano-composites derived from pulp and paper sludge

Chaukura, N., Murimba, E. C., & Gwenzi, W. (2016) · Applied Water Science · doi:10.1007/s13201-016-0392-5 · Cited by 249

A Systematic Review of Biochar Research, with a Focus on Its Stability in situ and Its Promise as a Climate Mitigation Strategy

Gurwick, N. P., Moore, L. A., Kelly, C. N., & Elias, P. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0075932 · Cited by 244

Biochars derived from wasted marine macro-algae (Saccharina japonica and Sargassum fusiforme) and their potential for heavy metal removal in aqueous solution

Poo, K.-M., Son, E.-B., Chang, J., Ren, X., Choi, Y.-J., & Chae, K. (2017) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.10.056 · Cited by 240

Copyrolysis of Biomass with Phosphate Fertilizers To Improve Biochar Carbon Retention, Slow Nutrient Release, and Stabilize Heavy Metals in Soil

Zhao, L., Cao, X., Zheng, W., Scott, J. W., Sharma, B. K., & Chen, X. (2016) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b01570 · Cited by 231

Facile synthesis of Cu(II) impregnated biochar with enhanced adsorption activity for the removal of doxycycline hydrochloride from water

Liu, S., Xu, W., Liu, Y.-G., Tan, X., Zeng, G., Li, X., Liang, J., Zhou, Z., Yan, Z.-L., & Cai, X. (2017) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.087 · Cited by 231

Recent Advances in Biochar Applications in Agricultural Soils: Benefits and Environmental Implications

Xu, G., Lv, Y., Sun, J., Shao, H., & Wei, L. (2012) · CLEAN - Soil Air Water · doi:10.1002/clen.201100738 · Cited by 221

Fabrication of porosity-enhanced MgO/biochar for removal of phosphate from aqueous solution: Application of a novel combined electrochemical modification method

Jung, K., & Ahn, K. (2015) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2015.10.008 · Cited by 214

Removal of hexavalent chromium by biochar supported nZVI composite: Batch and fixed-bed column evaluations, mechanisms, and secondary contamination prevention

Fan, Z., Zhang, Q., Gao, B., Li, M., Liu, C., & Qiu, Y. (2018) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.009 · Cited by 210

Phosphorus release behaviors of poultry litter biochar as a soil amendment

Wang, Y., Lin, Y., Chiu, P. C., Imhoff, P. T., & Guo, M. (2015) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.093 · Cited by 198

Mineral–Biochar Composites: Molecular Structure and Porosity

Rawal, A., Joseph, S. D., Hook, J. M., Chia, C. H., Munroe, P. R., Donne, S. W., Lin, Y., Phelan, D. M., Mitchell, D. R. G., Pace, B., et al. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b00685 · Cited by 198

Biochar-supported reduced graphene oxide composite for adsorption and coadsorption of atrazine and lead ions

Zhang, Y., Cao, B., Zhao, L., Sun, L., Gao, Y. B., Li, J., & Yang, F. (2017) · Applied Surface Science · doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.07.237 · Cited by 196

Adsorption characteristics of Cu(II) from aqueous solution onto biochar derived from swine manure

Meng, J., Feng, X., Dai, Z., Liu, X., Wu, J., & Xu, J. M. (2014) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-014-2627-z · Cited by 195

Effects of pyrolysis temperature on the physicochemical properties of alfalfa-derived biochar for the adsorption of bisphenol A and sulfamethoxazole in water

Choi, Y., & Kan, E. (2018) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.151 · Cited by 195

Effect of formation conditions on biochars: Compositional and structural properties of cellulose, lignin, and pine biochars

Rutherford, D. W., Wershaw, R. L., Rostad, C. E., & Kelly, C. N. (2012) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.06.026 · Cited by 185

A modified method for enhancing adsorption capability of banana pseudostem biochar towards methylene blue at low temperature

Liu, S., Li, J., Xu, S., Wang, M., Zhang, Y., & Xue, X. (2019) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.092 · Cited by 183

Enhanced antimonate (Sb(V)) removal from aqueous solution by La-doped magnetic biochars

Wang, L., Wang, J., Wang, Z., He, C., Lyu, W., Yan, W., & Yang, L. (2018) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2018.08.074 · Cited by 180

NOx and N2O Precursors (NH3 and HCN) in Pyrolysis of Biomass Residues

Becidan, M., Skreiberg, Ø., & Hustad, J. E. (2007) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef060426k · Cited by 172

Influence of NH3/CO2 Modification on the Characteristic of Biochar and the CO2 Capture

Zhang, X., Shihong, Z., Yang, H., Tao, S., Chen, Y., & Hanping, C. (2013) · BioEnergy Research · doi:10.1007/s12155-013-9304-9 · Cited by 166

Enhanced adsorption of methylene blue by citric acid modification of biochar derived from water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes)

Xu, Y., Liu, Y., Liu, S., Tan, X., Zeng, G., Zeng, W., Ding, Y., Cao, W., & Zheng, B. (2016) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-016-7572-6 · Cited by 155

Modification of biochar properties using CO2

Kim, Y., Oh, J.-I., Vithanage, M. S., Park, Y.-K., Lee, J., & Kwon, E. E. (2019) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2019.04.170 · Cited by 153

Steam activation and mild air oxidation of vacuum pyrolysis biochar

Bardestani, R., & Kaliaguine, S. (2017) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.10.011 · Cited by 143

The Influence of Microwave Drying on Biomass Pyrolysis

Wang, X., Chen, H., Luo, K., Shao, J., & Yang, H. (2007) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef700300m · Cited by 138

Study of Biochar Properties by Scanning Electron Microscope – Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX)

Ma, X., Zhou, B., Budai, A., Jeng, A., Hao, X., Wei, D., Zhang, Y., & Rasse, D. (2016) · Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis · doi:10.1080/00103624.2016.1146742 · Cited by 134

Flexible and Self-Healing Aqueous Supercapacitors for Low Temperature Applications: Polyampholyte Gel Electrolytes with Biochar Electrodes

Li, X., Liu, L., Wang, X., Ok, Y. S., Elliott, J. A. W., Chang, S. X., & Chung, H.-J. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01873-3 · Cited by 132

Valorisation of post-sorption materials: Opportunities, strategies, and challenges

Harikishore Kumar Reddy, D., Vijayaraghavan, K., Kim, J. A., & Yun, Y.-S. (2017) · Advances in Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.cis.2016.12.002 · Cited by 127

Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on Chemical and Surface Properties of Biochar of Rapeseed (Brassica napusL.)

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