Exploring the Genomes of East African Indicine Cattle Breeds Reveals Signature of Selection for Tropical Environmental Adaptation Traits
Open accessAbstract
African indigenous cattle breeds have been reared within the continent for millennia. Due to the harsh tropical environmental conditions (e.g. sever disease and parasite prevalence, high temperature, feed and water scarcity) where they evolved, they have developed various levels of tropical environment adaptation attributes. In order to explore the genomic signatures of tropical environment adaptation in African cattle, we compared the whole genomes of East African Indicus cattle breeds with European and Asian Taurine cattle breeds using XP-EHH and XP-CLR population statistical methods. Several genes involved in various biological processes and pathways related to domestication and behavior (dopaminergic and glutamatergic synapse), feeding and metabolism (gastric acid secretion, metabolic pathways), thermotolerance (sphingolipid and Wnt signaling), immune system response (T cell receptor signaling), and growth and reproduction (osteoblast differentiation, fibroblast migration) were identified from our genome analysis. Genes associated with tick and parasite resistance traits such as keratin genes, collagen genes, calcium signaling, and tumor necrosis factor proteins were also identified. The genes and pathways identified in this study improve our understanding of the biological mechanisms of tropical environment adaptation of African Indicus cattle breeds, which may allow us to use them for genomic selection programs. This result presents a basis for further study and may help to develop vaccines for tick and gastrointestinal parasite challenge.
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Genes involved in heat tolerance have been identified in Indian and African indicine cattle populations, such as heat shock protein genes (HSPA1B, HSPA12A, DNAJC18 and DNAJC8), GRXCR1, FKBP4, HSPA1L, IL6, and HELB.
“Genes involved in heat tolerance have been identified in Indian and African indicine cattle populations, such as heat shock protein genes (HSPA1B, HSPA12A, DNAJC18 and DNAJC8), GRXCR1, FKBP4, HSPA1L, IL6, and HELB [81,100,112,113].”
From The Genomic Landscape of Cattle: Domestication, Dispersal, and Adaptive Evolution (2026) · cites this paper as [81]
In African cattle, genomic selection signatures have been identified in genes involved in antigen response, keratin formation, light coat color, and sebum secretion.
“In African cattle, genomic selection signatures have been identified in genes involved in antigen response (BoLA, SLC25A48), keratin formation (KRT33A, KRT222, KRT24, KRT25, KRT26, KRT27, TGM1, TGM3), light coat color (MLPH), and sebum secretion (MC5R) [81,82,99,103].”
From The Genomic Landscape of Cattle: Domestication, Dispersal, and Adaptive Evolution (2026) · cites this paper as [81]
The DMBT1 gene, associated with resistance to intestinal parasites, has undergone selection.
“Regarding intestinal mucosal defense, the DMBT1 gene, associated with resistance to intestinal parasites, has also undergone selection [81].”
From The Genomic Landscape of Cattle: Domestication, Dispersal, and Adaptive Evolution (2026) · cites this paper as [81]
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- Authors
- Taye, M., Lee, W., Caetano-Anolles, K., Dessie, T., Cho, S., Jong Oh, S., Lee, H.-K., & Kim, H.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Bahir Dar University (ET)
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University
- International Livestock Research Institute (KE)
- C&K genomics
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA
- Jeonbuk National University (KR)
- Venue
- Cogent Food & Agriculture
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-01
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 2331-1932 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2903433977
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 1.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cogent Food & Agriculture (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Animal Science
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Livestock Farming and Management
- Keywords
- Bos indicus, indigenous cattle breeds, genomic signatures of selection, disease resistance, parasite resistance, heat tolerance, cattle genomics
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