THE RENEWAL OF ROD AND CONE OUTER SEGMENTS IN THE RHESUS MONKEY
Open accessAbstract
The renewal of retinal rod and cone outer segments has been studied by radioautography in rhesus monkeys examined 2 and 4 days after injection of leucine-(3)H. The cell outer segment consists of a stack of photosensitive, membranous discs. In both rods and cones some of the newly formed (radioactive) protein became distributed throughout the outer segment. Furthermore, in rods (but not in cones), there was a transverse band of concentrated radioactive protein slightly above the outer segment base 2 days after injection. This was due to the formation of new discs, into which labeled protein had been incorporated. At 4 days, these radioactive discs were located farther from the outer segment base. Repeated assembly of new discs had displaced them away from the basal assembly site and along the outer segment. Measurements of the displacement rate indicated that each retinal rod produces 80-90 discs per day, and that the entire complement of outer segment discs is replaced every 9-13 days. To compensate for the continual formation of new discs, groups of old discs are intermittently shed from the apical end of the cell and phagocytized by the pigment epithelium. Each pigment epithelial cell engulfs and destroys about 2000-4000 rod outer segment discs daily. The similarity between visual cells in the rhesus monkey and those in man suggests that the same renewal processes occur in the human retina.
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Cone and rod outer segments are renewed once every 10 days.
“Cone and rod outer segments are renewed once every 10 days [68].”
From The Role of Vitamin A in Retinal Diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [68]
The Results (p. 308) estimate rod outer-segment renewal at about 9–13 days, varying by retinal region, so 10 days is only an approximation for rods. The figure captions (pp. 306–307) say cone renewal differs from rod renewal; the paper does not establish a 10-day renewal time for cones. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Cites
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“Cone and rod outer segments are renewed once every 10 days [68].”
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- Authors
- Young, R. W.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Young, Richard W.
- ORCID
- Young, Richard W.
- Venue
- The Journal of Cell Biology
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 1971-05-01
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 303-318
- ISSN
- 0021-9525 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-8140
- PMC
- PMC2108322
- OpenAlex
- W1998794025
- Cited by
- 375
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 7.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- The Journal of Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Keywords
- retinal photoreceptors, leucine incorporation, human retina
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