Me, Myself, and (I), (D), or (R)? Partisanship and Political Cognition through the Lens of Implicit Identity
Abstract
Novel national survey data (spanning eight years), a parsimonious definition of identity, and a new Implicit Association Test are brought together to examine “implicit party identity” for the first time. This offers the most direct evidence available that voters associate themselves with their party at a visceral level, sometimes in a more or less pronounced way than they realize or report. This pre-introspection, automatic association relates strongly to voter evaluation and interpretation of the political world. Comparisons with standard explicit measures and three key outcomes (affect, differential evaluation, and motivated processing) offer insight regarding the nature, distribution, and measurement of party identification. Explicit and implicit measures largely corroborate each other in distinguishing between Democrats, Republicans, and Independents but deviate in registering partisan intensity. “Leaners” appear closer to partisans than to pure independents, and implicit identity yields a more graduated relationship than explicit party identification with outcomes of political cognition.
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The difference in the D-score across the party divide was 0.50, while the corresponding difference in implicit racial bias across the racial divide was only 0.18.
“The difference in the D-score-the operational indicator of implicit bias-across the party divide was 0.50, while the corresponding difference in implicit racial bias across the racial divide was only 0.18 (see also Theodoridis 2017 for an application of implicit measures to the study of partisanship).”
From The Origins and Consequences of Affective Polarization in the United States (2019) · cites this paper as Theodoridis 2017
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- Authors
- Theodoridis, A. G.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Merced (US)
- Corresponding author
- Theodoridis, Alexander G.
- Venue
- The Journal of Politics
- Publisher
- University of Chicago Press
- Published
- 2017-10
- Volume
- 79
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1253-1267
- ISSN
- 0022-3816 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-2508
- OpenAlex
- W2744847785
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 41.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Politics (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Electoral Systems and Political Participation
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Names, Identity, and Discrimination Research
- Keywords
- party identification, implicit associations, political cognition, differential evaluation, independent voters
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