Cited by 205Black Holes and Theoretical PhysicsParticle physics theoretical and experimental studiesNoncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories

The black hole information problem: past, present, and future

Open access
Marolf, Donald·2017·Reports on Progress in Physics

Abstract

We give a brief overview of the black hole information problem emphasizing fundamental issues and recent proposals for its resolution. The focus is on broad perspective and providing a guide to current literature rather than presenting full details. We concentrate on resolutions restoring naive unitarity.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1088/1361-6633/aa77cc

Cites

95 of 95 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • It is well known that final state projection models can lead to issues with describing measurements done by an observer falling into the black hole.

    “It is well known that final state projection models can lead to issues with describing measurements done by an observer falling into the black hole [74-76].”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. [7]7. Jacobson T 2002 Introduction to quantum fields in curved space-time and the hawking effect Lectures on Quantum Gravity. Proc., School of Quantum Gravity (Valdivia, Chile, 4-14 January 2003) pp 39-89
  2. [9]9. Sorkin R D 1997 The statistical mechanics of black hole thermodynamics Symposium on Black Holes and Relativistic Stars (dedicated to memory of S Chandrasekhar) (Chicago, Illinois, 14-15 December 1996)
  3. [50]50. Giddings S B 2017 Nonviolent unitarization: basic postulates to soft quantum structure of black holes (arXiv:1701.08765) · arXiv
  4. [51]51. Wilczek F 1992 Proc. of the Houston Conf. on Black Holes, Membranes, Wormholes and Superstrings
  5. [102]102. Hawking S W, Perry M J and Strominger A 2016 Superrotation charge, supertranslation hair on black holes (arXiv:1611.09175) · arXiv

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Marolf, D.
Affiliations
University of California System (US)
Corresponding author
Marolf, Donald
Venue
Reports on Progress in Physics
Published
2017-07-21
Volume
80
Issue
9
Pages
092001
ISSN
  • 0034-4885 (ISSN-L)
  • 1361-6633
OpenAlex
W2594883733
Cited by
205
References
88
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 5
FWCI
14.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Reports on Progress in Physics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
  • University of California (N/A)
  • U.S. National Science Foundation (PHY 1504541)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
Keywords
black hole information paradox, black hole complementarity, unitarity, black hole thermodynamics, Hawking radiation, black hole evaporation, quantum information in black holes

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review