CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 123Renal Diseases and GlomerulopathiesLipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthNatural Products and Biological Research

Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Spirulina in Patients with Hyperlipidemic Nephrotic Syndrome

Samuels, R., Mani, U.V., Iyer, U.M., Nayak, U.S.·2002·Journal of Medicinal Food
DOI 10.1089/109662002760178177
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

In nephrotic syndrome, large amounts of plasma proteins are lost in urine, causing a decrease in the plasma oncotic pressure. This leads to enhanced hepatic synthesis of albumin and other proteins, including lipoproteins, causing a secondary hyperlipidemia. Essential fatty acids such as gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) can prevent accumulation of cholesterol in the body, and spirulina has an appreciable amount of GLA. In this study 23 patients (age 2 to 13 years) with nephrotic syndrome received either medication (group I) or medication plus 1 g/day Spirulina (group II). Height, weight, and serum levels of fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), and low- and high-density cholesterol fractions (LDL-C and HDL-C, respectively) were measured before and after the 2-month study period. Mean height and weight were normal compared with healthy, age-matched Indian children. Lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly increased at baseline. TC significantly decreased by 116.33 mg/dl, LDL-C by 94.14 mg/dl, and triglycerides by 67.72 mg/dl in group II; in control group I, these values fell by 69.87, 61.13, and 22.62 mg/dl, respectively. The LDL-C:HDL-C ratio also decreased significantly, by 1.66 in group II and 1.13 in group I. TC:HDL-C decreased by 1.96 in group II and 1.19 in group I. HDL-C:LDL-C also improved significantly in both the groups. It can be concluded that spray-dried Spirulina capsules, rich in antioxidants, GLA, amino acids, and fatty acids, helped reduce the increased levels of lipids in patients with hyperlipidemic nephrotic syndrome.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1089/109662002760178177

Cites

20 of 20 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • In 23 paediatric patients with hypercholesterolaemia and nephrotic syndrome, 1 g/day spirulina plus steroid medications for 2 months decreased TC, LDL, and triglycerides, and improved LDL-C:HDL-C and TC:HDL-C ratios compared with controls.

    “At the end of study period, TC decreased by 116.33 mg/dL vs 69.87 mg/dL in control; LDL by 94.14 mg/dL vs 61 mg/dL in controls and triglycerides by 67.72 mg/dL vs 22.6 mg/dL in controls. LDL-C:HDL-C ratio decreased significantly by 1.66 vs 1.13 (p<0.05) and TC:HDL-C decreased by 1.96 vs 1.19.”

    From Effects of spirulina on weight loss and blood lipids: A review (2020) · cites this paper as [37]

  • Blue-green algae are recognized for protective effects against viral and bacterial infections, cancer, allergy, diabetes, inflammation, and hyperlipidemia.

    “They are recognized for their protective effects against viral and bacterial infections, cancer, allergy, diabetes, inflammation and hyperlipidemia [26–29].”

    From Edible blue-green algae reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting NF-κB pathway in macrophages and splenocytes (2013) · cites this paper as [26]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 21 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Samuels, R., Mani, U. V., Iyer, U. M., & Nayak, U. S.
Affiliations
Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda (IN)
Venue
Journal of Medicinal Food
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2002-06
Volume
5
Issue
2
Pages
91-96
ISSN
  • 1096-620X (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-7600
DOI
10.1089/109662002760178177
OpenAlex
W1599538912
Cited by
123
References
21
Citations by year
2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 9
FWCI
0.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.liebertpub.com/nv/resources-tools/text-and-data-mining-policy/121/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Medicinal Food (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Natural Products and Biological Research
Keywords
Spirulina, nephrotic syndrome, hyperlipidemia, secondary hyperlipidemia, gamma-linolenic acid, cholesterol lowering, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, children, dietary supplementation, lipoproteins
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Anticholesteremic Agents, Bacterial Proteins, Body Height, Body Weight, Child, Child, Preschool, Cholesterol, Female, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Nephrotic Syndrome, Triglycerides, gamma-Linolenic Acid, Spirulina

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review