Exposure to Internet Pornography among Children and Adolescents: A National Survey
Abstract
Estimates suggest that up to 90% or more youth between 12 and 18 years have access to the Internet. Concern has been raised that this increased accessibility may lead to a rise in pornography seeking among children and adolescents, with potentially serious ramifications for child and adolescent sexual development. Using data from the Youth Internet Safety Survey, a nationally representative, cross-sectional telephone survey of 1501 children and adolescents (ages 10-17 years), characteristics associated with self-reported pornography seeking behavior, both on the Internet and using traditional methods (e.g., magazines), are identified. Seekers of pornography, both online and offline, are significantly more likely to be male, with only 5% of self-identified seekers being female. The vast majority (87%) of youth who report looking for sexual images online are 14 years of age or older, when it is developmentally appropriate to be sexually curious. Children under the age of 14 who have intentionally looked at pornography are more likely to report traditional exposures, such as magazines or movies. Concerns about a large group of young children exposing themselves to pornography on the Internet may be overstated. Those who report intentional exposure to pornography, irrespective of source, are significantly more likely to cross-sectionally report delinquent behavior and substance use in the previous year. Further, online seekers versus offline seekers are more likely to report clinical features associated with depression and lower levels of emotional bonding with their caregiver. Results of the current investigation raise important questions for further inquiry. Findings from these cross-sectional data provide justification for longitudinal studies aimed at parsing out temporal sequencing of psychosocial experiences.
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Rules at home that prohibit teens from accessing pornographic content at all are associated with a three-fold increase in the possibility of the teenager trying to find sexual content online.
“Rules at home that prohibit teens from accessing pornographic content at all are associated with a three-fold increase in the possibility of the teenager trying to find sexual content online.¹⁴”
From Cybersex addiction: An overview of the development and treatment of a newly emerging disorder (2020) · cites this paper as [14]
Men have a higher likelihood of internet addiction than women.
“Men have a higher likelihood of internet addiction than women.¹⁴”
From Cybersex addiction: An overview of the development and treatment of a newly emerging disorder (2020) · cites this paper as [14]
Men who have aggressive sexual behavior risk increasing their aggressiveness four times as much when continuously watching online pornography.
“Men who have aggressive sexual behavior risk increasing their an aggressiveness four times as much when continously watching online pornography.¹⁴”
From Cybersex addiction: An overview of the development and treatment of a newly emerging disorder (2020) · cites this paper as [14]
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- Authors
- Ybarra, M. L., & Mitchell, K. J.
- Affiliations
- Internet Solutions for Kids, Inc., Irvine, California.
- University of New Hampshire (US)
- Venue
- CyberPsychology & Behavior
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2005-10
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 473-486
- ISSN
- 1094-9313 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-8364
- OpenAlex
- W1978240758
- Cited by
- 421
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 9.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- CyberPsychology & Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Keywords
- online pornography, children, adolescents, sexual development, gender differences, age of onset, delinquency, substance use, depression
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Depression, Erotica, Female, Humans, Male, Motion Pictures, Motivation, Object Attachment, Periodicals as Topic, Psychosexual Development, Sex Factors, Statistics as Topic, United States, Internet
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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