The risk of dementia with increased body mass index
Abstract
BACKGROUND: identification of modifiable risk factors is crucial in the prevention of dementia, given its limited treatment options. Studies on increased body mass index (BMI) as a risk factor for dementia show conflicting results. METHODS: we systematically retrieved and reviewed longitudinal population-based studies on increased BMI and dementia using a standard protocol. We searched Medline (1966-2006), Ageline (1978-2006), PsychInfo (1966-2006), CINAHL (1982-2006), and other relevant databases, including the reference lists of the eligible articles for review. Included studies were subjected to a quality assessment protocol. RESULTS: we identified eight studies that met our selection criteria. These studies covered 1,688 cases of dementia from 28,697 participants. After adjustment for age, smoking, comorbidities, and other confounders, four studies presented significantly increased risk of dementia with elevated BMI. CONCLUSION: this systematic review supports the hypothesis that increased BMI is independently associated with increased risk of dementia. Long-term studies to examine the mechanisms underlying the relationship between obesity and dementia are needed.
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Two recent systematic reviews proposed that a high body mass index is independently linked to dementia risk.
“In two recent systematic review articles 7, 8 on overweight and risk of dementia it was proposed that high body mass index (BMI) is independently associated with risk of dementia.”
From Overweight in midlife and risk of dementia: a 40-year follow-up study (2009) · cites this paper as [8]
According to those reviews, significant associations between overweight and dementia came from studies with younger baseline samples and longer follow-up.
“According to the reviews, the studies that reported significant associations had younger samples at baseline and longer follow-up periods.”
From Overweight in midlife and risk of dementia: a 40-year follow-up study (2009) · cites this paper as [8]
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- Authors
- Gorospe, E. C., & Dave, J. K.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gorospe, E. C.
- ORCID
- Dave, J. K.
- Venue
- Age and Ageing
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-11-17
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 23-29
- ISSN
- 0002-0729 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-2834
- OpenAlex
- W2155607826
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Age and Ageing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Karolinska Institutet
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
- Keywords
- dementia, body mass index, obesity, dementia risk factors, modifiable risk factors, dementia prevention, longitudinal cohort
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Dementia, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Risk Factors, Body Mass Index
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