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Cited by 151Regulation of Appetite and ObesityBody Composition Measurement TechniquesMuscle metabolism and nutrition

The effect of 6 weeks of overfeeding on the body weight, body composition, and energy metabolism of young men

Norgan, N G, Durnin, J V·1980·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
DOI 10.1093/ajcn/33.5.978
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Abstract

The effect of overfeeding on the body weight, body fat, water content, energy expenditure, and digestibility of energy and nitrogen was investigated over 42 days in six young men. The metabolic rates in standard situations of work and rest were determined. Energy intakes were apparently increased by 6.2 MJ/day and energy expenditure fell slightly by 0.3 MG/day during overfeeding. Fecal and urinary losses of energy were a similar proportion of the gross energy intake in control and overfeeding periods (8%). Metabolizable energy intakes calculated from food tables agreed well with values derived from digestibility measurements in the control period (mean difference = +2%) but not in the overfeeding period (+8%). The implications of this are discussed. Mean body weight gain was 6.0 kg, 10% of initial weight; mean fat gain was 3.7 kg and water gain 1.8 liter. There were considerable interindividual differences in the weight and fat gain for a given excess energy intake. Metabolic rates in standard tasks were 10% higher at the end of overfeeding but expressed as kilojoules per kilogram per minute were similar to control values. Mean energy gain (144 MJ = fat gain X 39 kJ/g) was less than excess energy intake even allowing for overestimation of intakes using food tables and increases in metabolic rate. Such a discrepancy is unlikely to be due to unmeasured increases in metabolic rate but could have arisen from errors in the calculation of the variables involved. In this study where moderate weight gains were achieved by overfeeding mainly fat, increases in metabolic rate appear to be associated with increased body size and tissue gain rather than a luxuskonsumption mechanism.

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  • Providing excess dietary energy to increase a man's weight from 75 kg to 90 kg would have elicited biological responses to resist that gain.

    “Providing excess dietary energy to increase his weight to 90 kg would have elicited biological responses (e.g., decreased hunger, increased energy expenditure) to resist that gain.”

    From The carbohydrate-insulin model: A physiological perspective on the obesity pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [27]

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Authors
Norgan, N. G., & Durnin, J. V.
Venue
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1980-05
Volume
33
Issue
5
Pages
978-988
ISSN
0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1093/ajcn/33.5.978
OpenAlex
W2097288519
Cited by
151
References
29
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
FWCI
3.08
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Keywords
overfeeding, energy balance, weight gain, fat gain, body composition, energy expenditure, basal metabolic rate, energy digestibility, nitrogen digestibility, water gain, energy intake estimation, interindividual variability, young men
MeSH terms
Adult, Body Composition, Body Water, Body Weight, Energy Intake, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fats, Dietary Proteins, Energy Metabolism, Physical Exertion, Humans, Male, Nutrition Disorders, Lipid Metabolism

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