Change in dietary saturated fat intake is correlated with change in mass of large low-density-lipoprotein particles in men
Open accessAbstract
We tested whether nutrient intakes estimated from 4-d diet records were associated with plasma lipoprotein subclasses in 103 men who were randomly assigned to a low-fat (24% fat) and a high-fat (46% fat) diet for 6 wk each in a crossover design. Postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) activities were also determined in a subset of 43 men. Changes in intake (ie, high fat minus low fat) of total saturated fatty acids, as well as myristic (14:0) and palmitic (16:0) acids, were positively correlated (P < 0.01) with increases in mass of large LDL particles [measured by analytic ultra-centrifugation as mass of lipoproteins of flotation rate (Sf) 7-12] and with LDL peak particle diameter and flotation rate, but not with changes in LDL-cholesterol concentration. Changes in total saturated fatty acids as well as myristic and palmitic acids were also inversely associated with changes in HL activity (P < 0.05). With the high-fat diet only, variation in dietary total saturated fatty acid intake was inversely correlated (P < 0.01) with concentrations of small, dense LDL of Sf 0-5. This correlation was significant specifically for myristic acid (P < 0.001). Stearic acid (18:0), monounsaturates, and polyunsaturates showed no significant associations with lipoprotein concentrations. These data indicate that a high saturated fat intake (especially 14:0 and 16:0) is associated with increased concentrations of larger, cholesterol-enriched LDL and this occurs in association with decreased HL activity.
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The observed aggregate effect of ketogenic diet on cholesterol levels did not account for differences in LDL particle size or distinguish sources of dietary fat.
“Our observed aggregate effect of KD on cholesterol levels does not account for the difference in LDL particle size, nor does it distinguish the sources of dietary fat, which can also be a significant effector of LDL particle size distribution and metabolism [66].”
From Effects of ketogenic diet on health outcomes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials (2023) · cites this paper as [66]
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- Authors
- Dreon, D., Fernstrom, H., Campos, H., Blanche, P., Williams, P., & Krauss, R.
- ORCID
- Campos, H
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-05
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 828-836
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2135421799
- Cited by
- 170
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 3.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (1999-04-01)
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p01hl018574-26)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-18574)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Keywords
- dietary saturated fat, small dense LDL, myristic acid, palmitic acid, hepatic lipase, lipoprotein lipase, high-fat diet, LDL particle size, men
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Anticoagulants, Dietary Fats, Fatty Acids, Heparin, Humans, Lipoprotein Lipase, Lipoproteins, Lipoproteins, LDL, Liver, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values, Cross-Over Studies
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