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Dietary saturated fats and their food sources in relation to the risk of coronary heart disease in women
Open accessAbstract
Background Metabolic studies suggest that saturated fatty acids differ in their effects on blood lipids.Objective The objective was to examine the associations between intakes of individual saturated fatty acids and their food sources in relation to the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD).Design This was a prospective cohort study of 80082 women in the Nurses' Health Study aged 34-59 y. Subjects had no known cardiovascular disease, cancer, hypercholesterolemia, or diabetes, and completed validated food-frequency questionnaires in 1980.Results During 14 y of follow-up, we documented 939 incident cases of major CHD events. In multivariate analyses in which age, smoking, and other covariates were controlled for, intakes of short- to medium-chain saturated fatty acids (4:0-10:0) were not significantly associated with the risk of CHD. In contrast, intakes of longer-chain saturated fatty acids (12:0-18:0) were each separately associated with a small increase in risk. The multivariate RR for a 1% energy increase from stearic acid was 1.19 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.37). The ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fat was strongly and inversely associated with CHD risk (multivariate RR for a comparison of the highest with the lowest deciles: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.83; P for trend < 0.0001). Conversely, higher ratios of red meat to poultry and fish consumption and of high-fat to low-fat dairy consumption were associated with significantly greater risk.Conclusion A distinction between stearic acid and other saturated fats does not appear to be important in dietary advice to reduce CHD risk, in part because of the high correlation between stearic acid and other saturated fatty acids in typical diets.
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“Emerging evidence suggests that the effect of a saturated fat on CHD may depend on the type of fatty acid and the specific food source (i.e., dairy vs. meat) (160,161).”
From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [161]
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“One of the studies that contributed to Malhotra’s (2013) paper was a meta-analysis of prospective epidemiological studies which included 347 747 subjects and concluded that there is no significant evidence for concluding that saturated fat is associated with an increased risk of CVD (Siri-Tarino et al, 2010).”
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“Among unsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid was the next most main fatty acid; accounting for from 23% to 43%, followed by linoleic acid, with concentration from 4 % to 25 %, Various studies [21, 22] have suggested that saturated fatty acids with chain length of C12:0-C16:0 are atherogenic, stearic acid is neutral, and…”
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“In the past, epidemiological data have linked the consumption of saturated fats to certain cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease (Hu et al., 1999).”
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“Toutefois, d’autres études épidémiologiques montrent que cette relation est faible (Esrey et al., 1996; Hu et al., 1999) ou nulle (Boniface et Tefft, 2002).”
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Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Hu, F. B., Stampfer, M. J., Manson, J. E., Ascherio, A., Colditz, G. A., Speizer, F. E., Hennekens, C. H., & Willett, W. C.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hu, Frank B
- ORCID
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-12
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1001-1008
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2150396523
- Cited by
- 661
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 9.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL24074, HL34594, R01HL034594)
- National Cancer Institute (CA-40356)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- saturated fatty acids, coronary artery disease, women, stearic acid, long-chain saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated to saturated fat ratio, dietary fat intake, food sources, red meat consumption, milk fat, Nurses' Health Study
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Coronary Disease, Dairy Products, Dietary Fats, Fatty Acids, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Meat, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, United States, Cohort Studies, Multivariate Analysis, Women's Health
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