Effects of exercise intensity on cardiovascular fitness, total body composition, and visceral adiposity of obese adolescents
Open accessAbstract
Background Little is known about how the intensity of exercise influences cardiovascular fitness and body composition, especially in obese adolescents.Objective Our goal was to determine the effects of physical training intensity on the cardiovascular fitness, percentage of body fat (%BF), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of obese adolescents.Design Obese 13-16-y-olds (n = 80) were assigned to 1) biweekly lifestyle education (LSE), 2) LSE + moderate-intensity physical training, or 3) LSE + high-intensity physical training. The intervention lasted 8 mo. Physical training was offered 5 d/wk, and the target energy expenditure for all subjects in physical training groups was 1047 kJ (250 kcal)/session. Cardiovascular fitness was measured with a multistage treadmill test, %BF with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and VAT with magnetic resonance imaging.Results The increase in cardiovascular fitness in the high-intensity physical training group, but not in the moderate-intensity group, was significantly greater than that in the LSE alone group (P = 0.009); no other comparisons of the 3 groups were significant. Compared with the LSE alone group, a group composed of subjects in both physical training groups combined who attended training sessions >or=2 d/wk showed favorable changes in cardiovascular fitness (P < 0.001), %BF (P = 0.001), and VAT (P = 0.029). We found no evidence that the high-intensity physical training was more effective than the moderate-intensity physical training in enhancing body composition.Conclusions The cardiovascular fitness of obese adolescents was significantly improved by physical training, especially high-intensity physical training. The physical training also reduced both visceral and total-body adiposity, but there was no clear effect of the intensity of physical training.
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Adolescents with mental or physical diseases such as obesity, chronic fatigue syndrome, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, may differ from ordinary adolescents in their exercise tolerance.
“Adolescents with mental or physical diseases such as obesity [81], chronic fatigue syndrome [82], attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [83], may differ from ordinary adolescents in their exercise tolerance.”
From Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on depression in adolescents (2022) · cites this paper as [81]
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- Authors
- Gutin, B., Barbeau, P., Owens, S., Lemmon, C. R., Bauman, M., Allison, J., Kang, H.-S., & Litaker, M. S.
- Affiliations
- Augusta University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gutin, Bernard
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-05
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 818-826
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1858653809
- Cited by
- 461
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 40
- FWCI
- 20.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01hl055564-03)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL55564)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- exercise intensity, cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, visceral adipose tissue, body fat percentage, adolescent obesity, lifestyle education, energy expenditure
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Adolescent, Body Composition, Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena, Humans, Obesity, Physical Endurance, Physical Fitness, Viscera, Exercise
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