Cited by 376Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative StressPhytochemicals and Antioxidant ActivitiesProteins in Food Systems

Carotenoid bioavailability is higher from salads ingested with full-fat than with fat-reduced salad dressings as measured with electrochemical detection

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Brown, Melody J, Ferruzzi, Mario G, Nguyen, Minhthy L, Cooper, Dale A, Eldridge, Alison L, Schwartz, Steven J, White, Wendy S·2004·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Abstract

Background The amount of dietary fat required for optimal bioavailability of carotenoids in plant matrices is not clearly defined.Objective The objective was to quantify the appearance of carotenoids in plasma chylomicrons after subjects ingested fresh vegetable salads with fat-free, reduced-fat, or full-fat salad dressings.Design The subjects (n = 7) each consumed 3 salads consisting of equivalent amounts of spinach, romaine lettuce, cherry tomatoes, and carrots with salad dressings containing 0, 6, or 28 g canola oil. The salads were consumed in random order separated by washout periods of > or =2 wk. Blood samples were collected hourly from 0 to 12 h. Chylomicrons were isolated by ultracentrifugation, and carotenoid absorption was analyzed by HPLC with coulometric array detection.Results After ingestion of the salads with fat-free salad dressing, the appearance of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and lycopene in chylomicrons was negligible. After ingestion of the salads with reduced-fat salad dressing, the appearance of the carotenoids in plasma chylomicrons increased relative to that after ingestion of the salads with fat-free salad dressing (P < 0.04). Similarly, the appearance of the carotenoids in plasma chylomicrons was higher after the ingestion of salads with full-fat than with reduced-fat salad dressing (P < 0.02).Conclusions High-sensitivity HPLC with coulometric array detection enabled us to quantify the intestinal absorption of carotenoids ingested from a single vegetable salad. Essentially no absorption of carotenoids was observed when salads with fat-free salad dressing were consumed. A substantially greater absorption of carotenoids was observed when salads were consumed with full-fat than with reduced-fat salad dressing.

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  • Dietary biomarker concentrations can be altered by genetic factors, physiologic or health status, dietary factors, and lifestyle factors.

    “They may be altered because of possible interactions with genetic factors, physiologic or health status (ie, age or obesity) (30), dietary factors such as fats for lipophilic biomarkers (31), and lifestyle factors such as alcohol intake or smoking (32).”

    From The food metabolome: a window over dietary exposure (2014) · cites this paper as [31]

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. White WS, Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis M, Erdman JW, Bowen PE. Phar- macokinetics of ␤-carotene and canthaxanthin after ingestion of indi- vidual and combined doses by human subjects. J Am Coll Nutr 1994; 13:665-71.
  2. Rabbani S, Beyer P, von Lintig J, Hugueney P, Kleinig H. Induced ␤-carotene synthesis driven by triacylglycerol deposition in the unicel- lular alga Dunaliella bardawil. Plant Physiol 1998;116:1239 -48.
  3. Alam DS, Yunus M, Aziz KMA,et al. Effects of dietary fat supplemen- tation during pregnancy/lactation on maternal blood and breastmilk vi- tamin A in rural Bangladesh. FASEB J 1999;13:A895(abstr).

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Authors
Brown, M. J., Ferruzzi, M. G., Nguyen, M. L., Cooper, D. A., Eldridge, A. L., Schwartz, S. J., & White, W. S.
Affiliations
Iowa State University (US)
Corresponding author
White, Wendy S
Venue
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2004-08
Volume
80
Issue
2
Pages
396-403
ISSN
0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2098537290
Cited by
376
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 24
FWCI
7.57
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Proteins in Food Systems
Keywords
carotenoid bioavailability, salad dressing, dietary fat, chylomicrons, carotenoid absorption, lycopene, beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, canola oil, vegetable salad, plasma carotenoids
MeSH terms
Rapeseed Oil, Adult, Antioxidants, Biological Availability, Carotenoids, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Chylomicrons, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, Female, Food Analysis, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Male, Vegetables

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