CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 202Coffee research and impactsPrenatal Substance Exposure EffectsPregnancy and Medication Impact

Coffee and fetal death: a cohort study with prospective data

Bech, Bodil Hammer, Nohr, Ellen Aagaard, Vaeth, Michael, Henriksen, Tine Brink, Olsen, Jørn·2005·American Journal of Epidemiology
DOI 10.1093/aje/kwi317
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The authors conducted a cohort study within the Danish National Birth Cohort to determine whether coffee consumption during pregnancy is associated with late fetal death (spontaneous abortion and stillbirth). A total of 88,482 pregnant women recruited from March 1996 to November 2002 participated in a comprehensive interview on coffee consumption and potentially confounding factors in pregnancy. Information on pregnancy outcome was obtained from the National Hospital Discharge Register and medical records. The authors detected 1,102 fetal deaths. High levels of coffee consumption were associated with an increased risk of fetal death. Relative to nonconsumers of coffee, the adjusted hazard ratios for fetal death associated with coffee consumption of 1/2-3, 4-7, and > or =8 cups of coffee per day were 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.89, 1.19), 1.33 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.63), and 1.59 (95% CI: 1.19, 2.13), respectively. Reverse causation due to unrecognized fetal demise may explain the association between coffee intake and risk of fetal death prior to 20 completed weeks' gestation but not the association with fetal loss following 20 completed weeks' gestation. Consumption of coffee during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of fetal death, especially losses occurring after 20 completed weeks of gestation.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/aje/kwi317

Cites

54 of 54 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • One study of 1,207 pregnant women reported that a moderate decrease in caffeine intake to 100 mg/day in the third trimester did not decrease the risk of adverse birth weight-related outcomes.

    “In addition, one study of 1,207 pregnant women reported that, although they tended to reduce consumption of caffeine during pregnancy, a moderate decrease in caffeine intake to 100 mg/day in the third trimester of pregnancy did not decrease the risk of adverse birth weight-related outcomes (145).”

    From The Safety of Ingested Caffeine: A Comprehensive Review (2017) · cites this paper as [145]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Bech, B. H., Nohr, E. A., Vaeth, M., Henriksen, T. B., & Olsen, J.
Affiliations
Aarhus University (DK)
Corresponding author
Bech, Bodil Hammer
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Epidemiology
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2005-10-05
Volume
162
Issue
10
Pages
983-990
ISSN
  • 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-6256
DOI
10.1093/aje/kwi317
OpenAlex
W2122110030
Cited by
202
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 9
FWCI
5.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • March of Dimes Foundation
  • Danmarks Grundforskningsfond
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Pregnancy and Medication Impact
Keywords
coffee consumption, fetal death, stillbirth, miscarriage, pregnancy outcomes, caffeine, reverse causality, gestational age, Danish National Birth Cohort
MeSH terms
Abortion, Spontaneous, Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Caffeine, Coffee, Denmark, Female, Fetal Death, Gestational Age, Humans, Parity, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors, Tea, Cohort Studies, Comorbidity, Causality, Age Distribution, Maternal Exposure, Cola, Fetal Mortality, Stillbirth

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review