Estimates of nondisclosure of cigarette smoking among pregnant and nonpregnant women of reproductive age in the United States
Abstract
Although clinic-based studies have used biochemical validation to estimate the percentage of pregnant women who deny smoking but are actually smokers, a population-based estimate of nondisclosure of smoking status in US pregnant women has not been calculated. The authors analyzed data from the 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and estimated the percentage of 994 pregnant and 3,203 nonpregnant women 20-44 years of age who did not report smoking but had serum cotinine levels that exceeded the defined cut point for active smoking (nondisclosure). Active smoking was defined as self-reporting smoking or having a serum cotinine concentration that exceeded the cut point for active smoking. Overall, 13.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.8, 17.1) of pregnant women and 29.7% (95% CI: 27.3, 32.1) of nonpregnant women were active smokers. Nondisclosure was higher among pregnant active smokers (22.9%, 95% CI: 11.8, 34.6) than among nonpregnant smokers (9.2%, 95% CI: 7.1, 11.2). Among pregnant active smokers, nondisclosure was associated with younger age (20-24 years). Among nonpregnant active smokers, nondisclosure was associated with Mexican-American and non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity. Studies and surveillance systems that rely on self-reported smoking status are subject to underestimation of smoking prevalence, especially among pregnant women, and underreporting may vary by demographic characteristics.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The majority of primary research summarized in the 2015 smoking meta-analyses failed to adjust for relevant confounders such as birth weight and employed self-report data collection likely biased by social desirability.
“the majority of the primary research summarized in these meta-analyses failed to be adjusted for relevant confounders such as birth weight and employed self-report data collection methods likely biased by social desirability [147].”
From The contribution of environmental exposure to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (2019) · cites this paper as [147]
Tobacco use in pregnancy measured by parent recall is subject to under-reporting because of stigma, and medical data collected prospectively is considered reasonably valid for in utero tobacco exposure but still subject to under-reporting.
“Tobacco use in pregnancy was measured by parent recall, which is subject to some degree of under-reporting because of stigma, and by medical data (e.g., birth certificates) that was collected prospectively and considered reasonably valid for measuring in utero tobacco exposure,50 but was still subject to under-reporting.36”
From Environmental Chemical Exposures and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Review of the Epidemiological Evidence (2014) · cites this paper as [36]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The Health Consequences of Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General
Office on Smoking (2004) · Cited by 2,414 · see citing works
Pirkle, J. L. (1996) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.275.16.1233 · Cited by 707 · see citing works
Benowitz, N., Bernert, J., Caraballo, R., Holiday, D. B., & Wang, J.-T. (2009) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwn301 · Cited by 675 · see citing works
Self-citationNicotine Metabolism and Intake in Black and White Smokers
Pérez-Stable, E. J. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.280.2.152 · Cited by 631 · see citing works
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Serum Cotinine Levels of Cigarette Smokers
Caraballo, R. S., Giovino, G. A., Pechacek, T. F., Mowery, P., Richter, P., Strauss, W. J., Sharp, D. J., Eriksen, M. P., Pirkle, J. L., & Maurer, K. R. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.280.2.135 · Cited by 457 · see citing works
Accelerated Metabolism of Nicotine and Cotinine in Pregnant Smokers
Dempsey, D., Jacob, P., & Benowitz, N. L. (2002) · The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.301.2.594 · Cited by 452 · see citing works
Shipton, D., Tappin, D. M., Vadiveloo, T., Crossley, J. A., Aitken, D. A., & Chalmers, J. W. T. (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b4347 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Infant Morbidity and Mortality Attributable to Prenatal Smoking in the U.S.
Dietz, P. M., England, L. J., Shapiro-Mendoza, C. K., Tong, V. T., Farr, S. L., & Callaghan, W. M. (2010) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2010.03.009 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Self-citationBernert, J. T., Turner, W. E., Pirkle, J. L., Sosnoff, C. S., Akins, J. R., Waldrep, M. K., Ann, Q., Covey, T. R., Whitfield, W. E., Gunter, E. W., et al. (1997) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/43.12.2281 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Self-citationKendrick, J. S., Zahniser, S. C., Miller, N., Salas, N. M., Stine, J., Gargiullo, P. M., Floyd, R. L., SPIERTO, F. W., Sexton, M. M., & Metzger, R. (1995) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.85.2.217 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Resnik, R. R. (2003) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/00006250-200310000-00002 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
England, L. J., Grauman, A., Qian, C., Wilkins, D. G., Schisterman, E. F., Yu, K. F., & Levine, R. J. (2007) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622200701491255 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Self-citationWindsor, R. A., Woodby, L. L., Miller, T. M., Hardin, J. M., Crawford, M. A., & DiClemente, C. C. (2000) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(00)70492-3 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Smoking reduction during pregnancy by a program of self-help and clinical support.
Petersen, L., Handel, J., Kotch, J. B., Podedworny, T., & Rosen, A. (1992) · PubMed · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Smoking status by proxy and self report: rate of agreement in different ethnic groups
Navarro, A. M. (1999) · Tobacco Control · doi:10.1136/tc.8.2.182 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Joubert, B. R., Håberg, S. E., Nilsen, R. M., Wang, X., Vollset, S. E., Murphy, S. K., Huang, Z., Hoyo, C., Midttun, Ø., Cupul-Uicab, L. A., et al. (2012) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1205412 · Cited by 716 · see citing works
Tong, V. T., Dietz, P. M., Morrow, B., D’Angelo, D. V., Farr, S. L., Rockhill, K. M., & England, L. J. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 619 · see citing works
Self-citationBiochemical verification of tobacco use and abstinence: 2019 update
Benowitz, N. L., Bernert, J. T., Foulds, J., Hecht, S. S., Jacob, P., Jarvis, M. J., Joseph, A., Oncken, C., & Piper, M. E. (2020) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntz132 · Cited by 619 · see citing works
Self-citationThe contribution of environmental exposure to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder
Bölte, S., Girdler, S., & Marschik, P. B. (2019) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-018-2988-4 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
Differences in smoking associated DNA methylation patterns in south asians and europeans
Elliott, H. R., Tillin, T., McArdle, W. L., Ho, K., Duggirala, A., Frayling, T. M., Davey Smith, G., Hughes, A. D., Chaturvedi, N., & Relton, C. L. (2014) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/1868-7083-6-4 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Kalkbrenner, A. E., Schmidt, R. J., & Penlesky, A. C. (2014) · Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care · doi:10.1016/j.cppeds.2014.06.001 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Jung-Choi, K.-H., Khang, Y.-H., & Cho, H.-J. (2012) · Tobacco Control · doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050012 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Smedberg, J., Lupattelli, A., MÅRDBY, A.-C. M., & Nordeng, H. (2014) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/1471-2393-14-213 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Understanding environmental contributions to autism: Causal concepts and the state of science
Hertz‐Picciotto, I., Schmidt, R. J., & Krakowiak, P. (2018) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1938 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Maternal Smoking Before and During Pregnancy and the Risk of Sudden Unexpected Infant Death
Anderson, T. M., Ferres, J. L., Ren, S., Moon, R. Y., Goldstein, R. D., Ramirez, J., & Mitchell, E. A. (2019) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2018-3325 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Robbins, C. L., Zapata, L., Farr, S. L., Kroelinger, C. D., Morrow, B., Ahluwalia, I., D’Angelo, D. V., Barradas, D. T., Cox, S., Goodman, D. W., et al. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Kvalvik, L. G., Nilsen, R. M., Skjærven, R., Vollset, S. E., Midttun, Ø., Ueland, P. M., & Haug, K. (2012) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/pr.2012.36 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Chen, L.-W., Wu, Y., Neelakantan, N., Chong, M. F.-F., Pan, A., & van Dam, R. M. (2014) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-014-0174-6 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Mdege, N. D., Shah, S., Ayo-Yusuf, O. A., Hakim, J. G., & Siddiqi, K. (2017) · The Lancet Global Health · doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(17)30170-5 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Maternal smoking in pregnancy and its influence on childhood asthma
Zacharasiewicz, A. S. (2016) · ERJ Open Research · doi:10.1183/23120541.00042-2016 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Tong, V. T., Dietz, P. M., Farr, S. L., D’Angelo, D. V., & England, L. J. (2013) · Public Health Reports · doi:10.1177/003335491312800308 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, L.-W., Wu, Y., Neelakantan, N., Chong, M. F.-F., Pan, A., & van Dam, R. M. (2016) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980015002463 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
DNA Methylation Score as a Biomarker in Newborns for Sustained Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy
Reese, S. E., Zhao, S., Wu, M. C., Joubert, B. R., Parr, C. L., Håberg, S. E., Ueland, P. M., Nilsen, R. M., Midttun, Ø., Vollset, S. E., et al. (2016) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp333 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Nielsen, C. H., Larsen, A., & Nielsen, A. L. (2014) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-014-1426-0 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Kondracki, A. J. (2019) · Reproductive Health · doi:10.1186/s12978-019-0807-5 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Perfluoroalkyl substances and sex hormones in postmenopausal women: NHANES 2013–2016
Wang, Y., Aimuzi, R., Nian, M., Zhang, Y., Luo, K., & Zhang, J. (2021) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106408 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Accuracy of self-reported tobacco use in newly diagnosed cancer patients
Morales, N. A., Romano, M. A., Cummings, K. M., Marshall, J. R., Hyland, A. J., Hutson, A. D., & Warren, G. W. (2013) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-013-0202-4 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Early Life Exposures and Adult Cancer Risk
Clarke, M. A., & Joshu, C. E. (2017) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/epirev/mxx004 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Blum, K., Han, D. C., Femino, J., Smith, D. E., Saunders, S., Simpatico, T. A., Schoenthaler, S. J., Oscar‐Berman, M., & Gold, M. S. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0104275 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Doepker, C., Lieberman, H. R., Smith, A. P., Peck, J. D., El-Sohemy, A., & Welsh, B. T. (2016) · Annual Review of Food Science and Technology · doi:10.1146/annurev-food-041715-033243 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Smoking cessation in pregnancy: a continuing challenge in the United States
Scherman, A. J., Tolosa, J. E., & McEvoy, C. T. (2018) · Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety · doi:10.1177/2042098618775366 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Kalkbrenner, A. E., Braun, J. M., Durkin, M. S., Maenner, M. J., Cunniff, C., Lee, L.-C., Pettygrove, S., Nicholas, J. S., & Daniels, J. L. (2012) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1104556 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Aurrekoetxea, J. J., Murcia, M., Rebagliato, M., López, M. J., Castilla, A. M., Santa‐Marina, L., Guxens, M., Fernández‐Somoano, A., Espada, M., Lertxundi, A., et al. (2013) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002034 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Cardenas, V., Cen, R., Clemens, M., Moody, H., Ekanem, U., Policherla, A., Fischbach, L., Eswaran, H., Magann, E., Delongchamp, R., et al. (2019) · Tobacco Induced Diseases · doi:10.18332/tid/106089 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Machaalani, R., Ghazavi, E., Hinton, T., Waters, K. A., & Hennessy, A. (2014) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.taap.2014.02.015 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Hannon, E. J., Schendel, D., Ladd‐Acosta, C., Grove, J., Hansen, C. S., HOUGAARD, D. M., Bresnahan, M. A., Mors, O. N., Hollegaard, M. V., Bækvad‐Hansen, M., et al. (2019) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2018.0120 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Effect of secondhand smoke on asthma control among black and Latino children
Oh, S. S., Tcheurekdjian, H., Roth, L. A., Nguyen, E. A., Sen, Ś., Galanter, J., Davis, A. J., Farber, H. J., Gilliland, F. D., Kumar, R., et al. (2012) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2012.03.017 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Blood Lead Levels in U.S. Women of Childbearing Age, 1976–2016
Ettinger, A. S., Egan, K. B., Homa, D. M., & Brown, M. J. (2020) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp5925 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationScheuermann, T. S., Richter, K. P., Rigotti, N. A., Cummins, S. E., Harrington, K. F., Sherman, S. E., Zhu, S., Tindle, H. A., & Preacher, K. J. (2017) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.13913 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Jordan, S. E., Morris, J. K., Davies, G. I., Tucker, D., Thayer, D. S., Luteijn, M., Morgan, M., Garne, E., Hansen, A. V., Klungsøyr, K., et al. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165122 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Erickson, A. C., & Arbour, L. T. (2012) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-102 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Biological Markers of Sexual Activity
Gallo, M. F., Steiner, M. J., Hobbs, M. M., Warner, L., Jamieson, D. J., & Macaluso, M. (2013) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e31828b2f77 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Hauge, L. J., Torgersen, L., & Vollrath, M. E. (2011) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03775.x · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Parental Tobacco Smoking and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Metayer, C., Petridou, E. T., Mejía‐Aranguré, J. M., Roman, E., Schüz, J., Magnani, C., Mora, A. M., Mueller, B. A., de Oliveira, M. S. P., Dockerty, J. D., et al. (2016) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kww018 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Illicit cigarette trade in South Africa: 2002–2017
Vellios, N., van Walbeek, C., & Ross, H. (2019) · Tobacco Control · doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054798 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Kawashima, A., Koide, K., Ventura, W., Hori, K., Takenaka, S., Maruyama, D., Matsuoka, R., Ichizuka, K., & Sekizawa, A. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0106140 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
A quantitative epigenetic approach for the assessment of cigarette consumption
Philibert, R. A., Hollenbeck, N. J., Andersen, E., OSBORN, T. W., Gerrard, M., Gibbons, F. X., & Wang, K. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00656 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Adams, E. K., Markowitz, S., Kannan, V. D., Dietz, P. M., Tong, V. T., & Malarcher, A. M. (2012) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2012.02.030 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationMaternal–fetal attachment differentiates patterns of prenatal smoking and exposure
Massey, S. H., Bublitz, M. H., Magee, S. R., Salisbury, A. L., NIAURA, R. S., Wakschlag, L. S., & Stroud, L. R. (2015) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.01.028 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Cardenas, V. M., Fischbach, L. A., & Chowdhury, P. (2019) · Tobacco Induced Diseases · doi:10.18332/tid/104724 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Smoking Behaviour before, during, and after Pregnancy: The Effect of Breastfeeding
Lauria, L., Lamberti, A., & Grandolfo, M. E. (2012) · The Scientific World JOURNAL · doi:10.1100/2012/154910 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Patel, S. S., Burns, T. L., Botto, L. D., Riehle‐Colarusso, T. J., Lin, A. E., Shaw, G. M., Romitti, P. A., & Study, T. N. B. D. P. (2012) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.35555 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Tobacco and Nicotine Delivery Product Use in a U.S. National Sample of Women of Reproductive Age
Lopez, A., Redner, R., Kurti, A., Keith, D., Villanti, A., Stanton, C., Gaalema, D., Bunn, J., Doogan, N., Cepeda-Benito, A., et al. (2018) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.03.001 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Curry, L. E., Richardson, A. K., Xiao, H., & NIAURA, R. S. (2012) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198112454284 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Smoking Before and During Pregnancy Among Women Reporting Depression or Anxiety
Tong, V. T., Farr, S. L., Bombard, J. M., D’Angelo, D. V., Ko, J. Y., & England, L. J. (2016) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000001595 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationSocial Integration and Maternal Smoking: A Longitudinal Analysis of a National Birth Cohort
Mumford, E. A., & Liu, W. (2016) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-016-1958-4 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Chen, L., Fitzgerald, R., Murrin, C. M., Mehegan, J., Kelleher, C. C., & Phillips, C. M. (2018) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqy219 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Prenatal Cotinine Levels and ADHD Among Offspring
Sourander, A., Sucksdorff, M., Chudal, R., Surcel, H.-M., Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki, S., Gyllenberg, D., Cheslack-Postava, K., & Brown, A. S. (2019) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2018-3144 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
A critical review of smoking, cessation, relapse and emerging research in pregnancy and post-partum
Meernik, C., & Goldstein, A. O. (2015) · British Medical Bulletin · doi:10.1093/bmb/ldv016 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Risk factors for comorbid oppositional defiant disorder in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Noordermeer, S. D. S., Luman, M., Weeda, W. D., Buitelaar, J. K., Richards, J. S., Hartman, C. A., Hoekstra, P. J., Franke, B., Heslenfeld, D. J., & Oosterlaan, J. (2017) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-017-0972-4 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Smoking during pregnancy in the United States, 2005–2014: The role of depression
Goodwin, R. D., Cheslack‐Postava, K., Nelson, D. B., Smith, P. H., Wall, M. M., Hasin, D. S., Nomura, Y., & Galea, S. (2017) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.06.021 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Sabra, S., Gratacós, E., & Gómez‐Roig, M. D. (2017) · Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy · doi:10.1159/000457123 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Hinkle, S. N., Albert, P., Mendola, P., Sjaarda, L. A., Boghossian, N. S., Yeung, E. H., & Laughon, S. K. (2014) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.12628 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Valeri, L., Reese, S., Zhao, S., Page, C. M., Nystad, W., Coull, B. A., & London, S. J. (2017) · Epigenomics · doi:10.2217/epi-2016-0145 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Risk factors for eclampsia: a population-based study in Washington State, 1987–2007
Coghill, A. E., Hansen, S., & Littman, A. J. (2011) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2011.06.079 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Wang, S., Xu, S., Qu, J., & Liu, B. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0110617 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Bakulski, K. M., Blostein, F., & London, S. J. (2023) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp12956 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Prenatal Tobacco Exposure and Cotinine in Newborn Dried Blood Spots
Spector, L. G., Murphy, S. E., Wickham, K. M., Lindgren, B. R., & Joseph, A. M. (2014) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2013-3118 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
The temporary ban on tobacco sales in South Africa: lessons for endgame strategies
Filby, S., van der Zee, K., & van Walbeek, C. (2021) · Tobacco Control · doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2020-056209 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Azary, S., Ganguly, A. A., Bunin, G. R., Lombardi, C. A., Park, A. S., Ritz, B. R., & Heck, J. E. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151728 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Accuracy of self‐reported smoking cessation during pregnancy
Tong, V. T., Althabe, F., Alemán, A., Johnson, C., Dietz, P. M., Berrueta, M. B., Morello, P., Colomar, M., Buekens, P. M., Sosnoff, C. S., et al. (2014) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/aogs.12532 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationTsakiridis, I. G., Mamopoulos, A. M., Papazisis, G., Petousis, S., Liozidou, A., Athanasiadis, A. P., & Dagklis, T. (2018) · European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/cky004 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Baron, R., Manniën, J., de Jonge, A., Heymans, M. W., Klomp, T., Hutton, E. K., & Brug, J. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074197 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Tobacco Control Policies, Birth Outcomes, and Maternal Human Capital
Markowitz, S., Adams, E. K., Dietz, P. M., Kannan, V. D., & Tong, V. T. (2013) · Journal of Human Capital · doi:10.1086/671020 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationExpansion of Medicaid Covered Smoking Cessation Services: Maternal Smoking and Birth Outcomes
Adams, E. K., Markowitz, S., Dietz, P. M., & Tong, V. T. (2013) · Medicare & Medicaid Research Review · doi:10.5600/mmrr.003.03.a02 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationPrice, L. R., & Martinez, J. (2020) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.20062.2 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
The stigma of smoking among women: A systematic review
David, J.-C., Fonte, D., Sutter‐Dallay, A., Auriacombe, M., Serre, F., Rascle, N., & Loyal, D. (2023) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116491 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Impact of maternal prenatal smoking on fetal to infant neurobehavioral development
Stroud, L. R., McCallum, M., & Salisbury, A. L. (2018) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579418000676 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Stangenberg, S., Chen, H., Wong, M. G., Pollock, C. A., & Saad, S. (2015) · American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00638.2014 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Epigenetic Biomarkers for Environmental Exposures and Personalized Breast Cancer Prevention
Park, H. L. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17041181 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Cardenas, V. M., Ali, M. M., Fischbach, L. A., & Nembhard, W. N. (2020) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.08.002 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Wen, Z., Gu, J., Chen, R., Wang, Q., Ding, N., Meng, L., Wang, X., Liu, H., Sheng, Z., & Zheng, H. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12093184 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Pérez‐Yarza, E. G., Moreno, A., Ramilo, O., Ruiz, T. R., Escribano, A., Torres, A., Sardón‐Prado, O., Oliva, C., Pérez, G., Cortell, I., et al. (2015) · Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · doi:10.1111/pai.12414 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Tobacco Harms, Nicotine Pharmacology, and Pharmacologic Tobacco Cessation Interventions for Women
Baraona, L. K., Lovelace, D. L., Daniels, J. L., & McDaniel, L. R. (2017) · Journal of Midwifery & Women s Health · doi:10.1111/jmwh.12616 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Clemens, M., Cardenas, V., Fischbach, L., Cen, R., Siegel, E., Eswaran, H., Ekanem, U., Policherla, A., Moody, H., Magann, E., et al. (2019) · Tobacco Induced Diseases · doi:10.18332/tid/105387 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Bonello, K., Figoni, H., Blanchard, E., Vignier, N., Avenin, G., Melchior, M., Cadwallader, J., Chastang, J., & Ibañez, G. E. (2023) · Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/ppe.12989 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Impact of State Cigarette Taxes on Disparities in Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy
Hawkins, S. S., & Baum, C. F. (2014) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2014.301955 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Cui, M., Kimura, T., Ikehara, S., Dong, J.-Y., Ueda, K., Kawanishi, Y., Kimura, T., & Iso, H. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.145 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Mumford, E. A., Hair, E. C., Yu, T., & Liu, W. (2013) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-013-1305-y · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Windsor, R. A., Clark, J., Cleary, S. D., Davis, A., Thorn, S. R., Abroms, L. C., & Wedeles, J. (2013) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-013-1252-7 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Nicotine Replacement Therapy During Pregnancy and Infantile Colic in the Offspring
Milidou, I., Henriksen, T. B., Jensen, M. S., Olsen, J., & Søndergaard, C. (2012) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2011-2281 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Cotinine in Human Placenta Predicts Induction of Gene Expression in Fetal Tissues
Vyhlidal, C. A., Riffel, A. K., Haley, K. J., Sharma, S., Dai, H. D., Tantisira, K. G., Weiss, S. T., & Leeder, J. S. (2012) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1124/dmd.112.049999 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-reported and laboratory evaluation of late pregnancy nicotine exposure and drugs of abuse
Hall, E. S., Wexelblatt, S. L., & Greenberg, J. M. (2016) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/jp.2016.100 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Krstev, S., Marinković, J., Simić, S. B., Kocev, N. I., & Bondy, S. J. (2011) · International Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s00038-011-0301-5 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Cigarette Smoking Among Working Women of Reproductive Age—United States, 2009–2013
Mazurek, J. M., & England, L. J. (2016) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntv292 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationLeviton, A. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10091152 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Damé, J. L. D., & César, J. A. (2015) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2015/345430 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
The illicit cigarette market in six South African townships
van der Zee, K., Vellios, N., van Walbeek, C., & Ross, H. (2020) · Tobacco Control · doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055136 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Vila-Fariñas, A., Pérez‐Ríos, M., Montes, A., Ruano‐Raviña, A., Forray, A., Rey‐Brandariz, J., Candal‐Pedreira, C., Fernández, E., Acción, B. C., & Varela‐Lema, L. (2023) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107854 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Age and racial/ethnic disparities in prepregnancy smoking among women who delivered live births.
Tong, V. T., Dietz, P. M., England, L. J., Farr, S. L., Kim, S. Y., D’Angelo, D. V., & Bombard, J. M. (2011) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationLegro, R. S., Chen, G., Kunselman, A. R., Schlaff, W. D., Diamond, M. P., Coutifaris, C., Carson, S. A., Steinkampf, M. P., Carr, B. R., McGovern, P. G., et al. (2014) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deu239 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Biological effects of nicotine exposure: A narrative review of the scientific literature
Price, L., & Martinez, J. (2019) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.20062.1 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Fa, S., Larsen, T. V., Bilde, K., Daugaard, T. F., Ernst, E. H., Olesen, R. H., Mamsen, L. S., Ernst, E., Larsen, A., & Nielsen, A. L. (2016) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/s13148-016-0296-0 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Deception in clinical trials and its impact on recruitment and adherence of study participants
Lee, C. P., Holmes, T. H., Neri, E., & Kushida, C. A. (2018) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2018.08.002 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Smoking cessation during pregnancy
Damé, J. L. D., Lindsay, A. C., & César, J. A. (2019) · Revista de Saúde Pública · doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053000619 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
- Authors
- Dietz, P. M., Homa, D., England, L. J., Burley, K., Tong, V. T., Dube, S. R., & Bernert, J. T.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dietz, P. M.
- Venue
- American Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-12-22
- Volume
- 173
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 355-359
- ISSN
- 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-6256
- OpenAlex
- W2139614200
- Cited by
- 276
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 10.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Keywords
- cigarette smoking, non-disclosure, pregnant women, self-reported smoking status, serum cotinine, women of reproductive age, Mexican American women, non-Hispanic Black women, age differences, NHANES
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Black or African American, Cotinine, Female, Humans, Nutrition Surveys, Pregnancy, Smoking, Truth Disclosure, United States, Bias, Logistic Models, Mexican Americans, Age Distribution, Pregnant People, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
