Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 583

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Altered functional–structural coupling of large-scale brain networks in idiopathic generalized epilepsy

Zhang, Zhiqiang, Liao, Wei, Chen, Huafu, Mantini, Dante, Ding, Ju-Rong, Xu, Qiang, Wang, Zhengge, Yuan, Cuiping, Chen, Guanghui, Jiao, Qing, Lu, Guangming·2011·Brain
DOI 10.1093/brain/awr223
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The human brain is a large-scale integrated network in the functional and structural domain. Graph theoretical analysis provides a novel framework for analysing such complex networks. While previous neuroimaging studies have uncovered abnormalities in several specific brain networks in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy characterized by tonic-clonic seizures, little is known about changes in whole-brain functional and structural connectivity networks. Regarding functional and structural connectivity, networks are intimately related and share common small-world topological features. We predict that patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy would exhibit a decoupling between functional and structural networks. In this study, 26 patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy characterized by tonic-clonic seizures and 26 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging signal correlations and diffusion tensor image tractography were used to generate functional and structural connectivity networks. Graph theoretical analysis revealed that the patients lost optimal topological organization in both functional and structural connectivity networks. Moreover, the patients showed significant increases in nodal topological characteristics in several cortical and subcortical regions, including mesial frontal cortex, putamen, thalamus and amygdala relative to controls, supporting the hypothesis that regions playing important roles in the pathogenesis of epilepsy may display abnormal hub properties in network analysis. Relative to controls, patients showed further decreases in nodal topological characteristics in areas of the default mode network, such as the posterior cingulate gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus. Most importantly, the degree of coupling between functional and structural connectivity networks was decreased, and exhibited a negative correlation with epilepsy duration in patients. Our findings suggest that the decoupling of functional and structural connectivity may reflect the progress of long-term impairment in idiopathic generalized epilepsy, and may be used as a potential biomarker to detect subtle brain abnormalities in epilepsy. Overall, our results demonstrate for the first time that idiopathic generalized epilepsy is reflected in a disrupted topological organization in large-scale brain functional and structural networks, thus providing valuable information for better understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/brain/awr223

Cites

22 of 22 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 22 references

Research works printed but not linked: 96

  1. Achard, 2006, A resilient, low-frequency, small-world human brain functional network with highly connected association cortical hubs, J Neurosci, 26, 63, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3874-05.2006 · DOI · Paper page
  2. Aghakhani, 2004, fMRI activation during spike and wave discharges in idiopathic generalized epilepsy, Brain, 127, 1127, 10.1093/brain/awh136 · DOI · Paper page
  3. Andermann, 2001, Idiopathic generalized epilepsy with generalized and other seizures in adolescence, Epilepsia, 42, 317, 10.1046/j.1528-1157.2001.36400.x · DOI
  4. Archer, 2003, fMRI "deactivation" of the posterior cingulate during generalized spike and wave, Neuroimage, 20, 1915, 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00294-5 · DOI
  5. Bassett, 2006, Small-world brain networks, Neuroscientist, 12, 512, 10.1177/1073858406293182 · DOI · Paper page
  6. Bassett, 2008, Hierarchical organization of human cortical networks in health and schizophrenia, J Neurosci, 28, 9239, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1929-08.2008 · DOI · Paper page
  7. Bernhardt, 2011, Graph-Theoretical Analysis reveals disrupted small-world organization of cortical thickness correlation networks in temporal lobe epilepsy, Cereb Cortex, 21, 2147, 10.1093/cercor/bhq291 · DOI · Paper page
  8. Bernhardt, 2009, Thalamo-cortical network pathology in idiopathic generalized epilepsy: insights from MRI-based morphometric correlation analysis, Neuroimage, 46, 373, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.01.055 · DOI
  9. Betting, 2010, Correlation between quantitative EEG and MRI in idiopathic generalized epilepsy, Hum Brain Mapp, 31, 1327, 10.1002/hbm.20944 · DOI
  10. Blumenfeld, 2003, From molecules to networks: cortical/subcortical interactions in the pathophysiology of idiopathic generalized epilepsy, Epilepsia, 44, 7, 10.1046/j.1528-1157.44.s.2.2.x · DOI
  11. Blumenfeld, 2005, Cellular and network mechanisms of spike-wave seizures, Epilepsia, 46, 21, 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2005.00311.x · DOI · Paper page
  12. Blumenfeld, 2003, Why do seizures cause loss of consciousness?, Neuroscientist, 9, 301, 10.1177/1073858403255624 · DOI
  13. Blumenfeld, 2009, Cortical and subcortical networks in human secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures, Brain, 132, 999, 10.1093/brain/awp028 · DOI · Paper page
  14. Blumenfeld, 2003, Selective frontal, parietal, and temporal networks in generalized seizures, Neuroimage, 19, 1556, 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00204-0 · DOI
  15. Bonelli, 2009, Preoperative amygdala fMRI in temporal lobe epilepsy, Epilepsia, 50, 217, 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01739.x · DOI
  16. Bullmore, 2011, Brain graphs: graphical models of the human brain connectome, Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 7, 113, 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-040510-143934 · DOI · Paper page
  17. Casaubon, 2003, Video-EEG evidence of lateralized clinical features in primary generalized epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizures, Epileptic Disord, 5, 149, 10.1684/j.1950-6945.2003.tb00005.x · doi:10.1684/j.1950-6945.2003.tb00005.x
  18. Catani, 2002, Virtual in vivo interactive dissection of white matter fasciculi in the human brain, Neuroimage, 17, 77, 10.1006/nimg.2002.1136 · DOI · Paper page
  19. Cavanna, 2009, Brain mechanisms of altered conscious states during epileptic seizures, Nat Rev Neurol, 5, 267, 10.1038/nrneurol.2009.38 · DOI
  20. Chavez, 2010, Functional modularity of background activities in normal and epileptic brain networks, Phys Rev Lett, 104, 118701, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.118701 · DOI
  21. Di Martino, 2008, Functional connectivity of human striatum: a resting state FMRI study, Cereb Cortex, 18, 2735, 10.1093/cercor/bhn041 · DOI · Paper page
  22. Engel, 2001, A proposed diagnostic scheme for people with epileptic seizures and with epilepsy: report of the ILAE task force on classification and terminology, Epilepsia, 42, 796, 10.1046/j.1528-1157.2001.10401.x · DOI · Paper page
  23. Fornito, 2010, Network scaling effects in graph analytic studies of human resting-state FMRI data, Front Syst Neurosci, 4, 22
  24. Fox, 2005, The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 102, 9673, 10.1073/pnas.0504136102 · DOI · Paper page
  25. Fransson, 2005, Spontaneous low-frequency BOLD signal fluctuations: an fMRI investigation of the resting-state default mode of brain function hypothesis, Hum Brain Mapp, 26, 15, 10.1002/hbm.20113 · DOI · Paper page
  26. Freeman, 1977, A set of measures of centrality based upon betweenness, Sociometry, 40, 35, 10.2307/3033543 · DOI · Paper page
  27. Frei, 2010, Controversies in epilepsy: debates held during the Fourth International Workshop on Seizure Prediction, Epilepsy Behav, 19, 4, 10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.06.009 · DOI
  28. Gong, 2009, Mapping anatomical connectivity patterns of human cerebral cortex using in vivo diffusion tensor imaging tractography, Cereb Cortex, 19, 524, 10.1093/cercor/bhn102 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Gong, 2009, Age- and gender-related differences in the cortical anatomical network, J Neurosci, 29, 15684, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2308-09.2009 · DOI · Paper page
  30. Gotman, 2005, Generalized epileptic discharges show thalamocortical activation and suspension of the default state of the brain, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 102, 15236, 10.1073/pnas.0504935102 · DOI · Paper page
  31. Guye, 2010, Graph theoretical analysis of structural and functional connectivity MRI in normal and pathological brain networks, MAGMA, 23, 409, 10.1007/s10334-010-0205-z · DOI · Paper page
  32. He, 2007, Small-world anatomical networks in the human brain revealed by cortical thickness from MRI, Cereb Cortex, 17, 2407, 10.1093/cercor/bhl149 · DOI · Paper page
  33. He, 2010, Graph theoretical modeling of brain connectivity, Curr Opin Neurol, 23, 341, 10.1097/WCO.0b013e32833aa567 · DOI · Paper page
  34. He, 2009, Uncovering intrinsic modular organization of spontaneous brain activity in humans, PLoS One, 4, e5226, 10.1371/journal.pone.0005226 · DOI · Paper page
  35. Honey, 2009, Predicting human resting-state functional connectivity from structural connectivity, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 106, 2035, 10.1073/pnas.0811168106 · DOI · Paper page
  36. Honey, 2010, Can structure predict function in the human brain?, Neuroimage, 52, 766, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.01.071 · DOI · Paper page
  37. Horstmann, 2010, State dependent properties of epileptic brain networks: comparative graph-theoretical analyses of simultaneously recorded EEG and MEG, Clin Neurophysiol, 121, 172, 10.1016/j.clinph.2009.10.013 · DOI
  38. Humphries, 2006, The brainstem reticular formation is a small-world, not scale-free, network, Proc Biol Sci, 273, 503, 10.1098/rspb.2005.3354 · DOI · Paper page
  39. Isnard, 2004, Clinical manifestations of insular lobe seizures: a stereo-electroencephalographic study, Epilepsia, 45, 1079, 10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.68903.x · DOI · Paper page
  40. Johansen-Berg, 2009, Using diffusion imaging to study human connectional anatomy, Annu Rev Neurosci, 32, 75, 10.1146/annurev.neuro.051508.135735 · DOI · Paper page
  41. Kaiser, 2006, Nonoptimal component placement, but short processing paths, due to long-distance projections in neural systems, PLoS Comput Biol, 2, e95, 10.1371/journal.pcbi.0020095 · DOI · Paper page
  42. Kramer, 2010, Coalescence and fragmentation of cortical networks during focal seizures, J Neurosci, 30, 10076, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6309-09.2010 · DOI
  43. Kramer, 2008, Emergent network topology at seizure onset in humans, Epilepsy Res, 79, 173, 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2008.02.002 · DOI · Paper page
  44. Li, 2010, Cerebellum abnormalities in idiopathic generalized epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures revealed by diffusion tensor imaging, PLoS One, 5, e15219, 10.1371/journal.pone.0015219 · DOI
  45. Liao, 2010, Altered functional connectivity and small-world in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, PLoS One, 5, e8525, 10.1371/journal.pone.0008525 · DOI · Paper page
  46. Liao, 2011, Default mode network abnormalities in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: a study combining fMRI and DTI, Hum Brain Mapp, 32, 883, 10.1002/hbm.21076 · DOI · Paper page
  47. Liu, 2008, Disrupted small-world networks in schizophrenia, Brain, 131, 945, 10.1093/brain/awn018 · DOI · Paper page
  48. Lo, 2010, Diffusion tensor tractography reveals abnormal topological organization in structural cortical networks in Alzheimer's disease, J Neurosci, 30, 16876, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4136-10.2010 · DOI · Paper page
  49. Luo, 2011, Altered functional connectivity in default mode network in absence epilepsy: a resting-state fMRI study, Hum Brain Mapp, 32, 438, 10.1002/hbm.21034 · DOI · Paper page
  50. Luo, 2011, Resting state basal ganglia network in idiopathic generalized epilepsy, Human Brain Mapp
  51. McIntyre, 1991, Distribution of [14C]2-deoxyglucose after various forms and durations of status epilepticus induced by stimulation of a kindled amygdala focus in rats, Epilepsy Res, 10, 119, 10.1016/0920-1211(91)90004-Y · DOI
  52. Mitsueda-Ono, 2011, Amygdalar enlargement in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 82, 652, 10.1136/jnnp.2010.206342 · DOI
  53. Moeller, 2011, Functional connectivity in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy, Epilepsia, 52, 515, 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02938.x · DOI
  54. Moeller, 2008, Changes in activity of striato-thalamo-cortical network precede generalized spike wave discharges, Neuroimage, 39, 1839, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.10.058 · DOI
  55. Mori, 2002, Fiber tracking: principles and strategies - a technical review, NMR Biomed, 15, 468, 10.1002/nbm.781 · DOI · Paper page
  56. Newman, 2003, The structure and function of complex networks, SIAM Review, 45, 167, 10.1137/S003614450342480 · DOI · Paper page
  57. Onnela, 2005, Intensity and coherence of motifs in weighted complex networks, Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys, 71, 065103, 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.065103 · DOI · Paper page
  58. Ortinski, 2004, Cognitive side effects of antiepileptic drugs, Epilepsy Behav, 5, S60, 10.1016/j.yebeh.2003.11.008 · DOI · Paper page
  59. Park, 2008, Comparison of the small-world topology between anatomical and functional connectivity in the human brain, Physica A: Stat Mech Appl, 387, 5958, 10.1016/j.physa.2008.06.048 · DOI
  60. Ponten, 2007, Small-world networks and epilepsy: graph theoretical analysis of intracerebrally recorded mesial temporal lobe seizures, Clin Neurophysiol, 118, 918, 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.12.002 · DOI · Paper page
  61. Ponten, 2009, Indications for network regularization during absence seizures: weighted and unweighted graph theoretical analyses, Exp Neurol, 217, 197, 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.02.001 · DOI
  62. Rubinov, 2010, Complex network measures of brain connectivity: uses and interpretations, Neuroimage, 52, 1059, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.10.003 · DOI · Paper page
  63. Rubinov, 2009, Symbiotic relationship between brain structure and dynamics, BMC Neurosci, 10, 55, 10.1186/1471-2202-10-55 · DOI
  64. Salvador, 2005, Neurophysiological architecture of functional magnetic resonance images of human brain, Cereb Cortex, 15, 1332, 10.1093/cercor/bhi016 · DOI · Paper page
  65. Schindler, 2008, Evolving functional network properties and synchronizability during human epileptic seizures, Chaos, 18, 033119, 10.1063/1.2966112 · DOI · Paper page
  66. Shehata, 2009, Cognitive function, mood, behavioral aspects, and personality traits of adult males with idiopathic epilepsy, Epilepsy Behav, 14, 121, 10.1016/j.yebeh.2008.08.014 · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2008.08.014
  67. Shu, 2011, Diffusion tensor tractography reveals disrupted topological efficiency in white matter structural networks in multiple sclerosis, Cereb Cortex, 10.1093/cercor/bhr039 · DOI · Paper page
  68. Shu, 2009, Altered anatomical network in early blindness revealed by diffusion tensor tractography, PLoS One, 4, e7228, 10.1371/journal.pone.0007228 · DOI
  69. Skudlarski, 2010, Brain connectivity is not only lower but different in schizophrenia: a combined anatomical and functional approach, Biol Psychiatry, 68, 61, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.03.035 · DOI · Paper page
  70. Song, 2011, Impaired resting-state functional integrations within default mode network of generalized tonic-clonic seizures epilepsy, PLoS One, 6, e17294, 10.1371/journal.pone.0017294 · DOI
  71. Sporns, 2010, Networks of the brain, 10.7551/mitpress/8476.001.0001 · DOI · Paper page
  72. Sporns, 2011, The human connectome: a complex network, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1224, 109, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05888.x · DOI · Paper page
  73. Sporns, 2007, Identification and classification of hubs in brain networks, PLoS One, 2, e1049, 10.1371/journal.pone.0001049 · DOI · Paper page
  74. Stefan, 2009, Network characteristics of idiopathic generalized epilepsies in combined MEG/EEG, Epilepsy Res, 85, 187, 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.03.015 · DOI
  75. Supekar, 2010, Development of functional and structural connectivity within the default mode network in young children, Neuroimage, 52, 290, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.04.009 · DOI · Paper page
  76. Tian, 2011, Hemisphere- and gender-related differences in small-world brain networks: a resting-state functional MRI study, Neuroimage, 54, 191, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.07.066 · DOI · Paper page
  77. Tomasi, 2011, Association between functional connectivity hubs and brain networks, Cereb Cortex, 21, 2003, 10.1093/cercor/bhq268 · DOI · Paper page
  78. Tyvaert, 2009, Thalamic nuclei activity in idiopathic generalized epilepsy: an EEG-fMRI study, Neurology, 73, 2018, 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181c55d02 · DOI
  79. Tzourio-Mazoyer, 2002, Automated anatomical labeling of activations in SPM using a macroscopic anatomical parcellation of the MNI MRI single-subject brain, Neuroimage, 15, 273, 10.1006/nimg.2001.0978 · DOI · Paper page
  80. van Dellen, 2009, Long-term effects of temporal lobe epilepsy on local neural networks: a graph theoretical analysis of corticography recordings, PLoS One, 4, e8081, 10.1371/journal.pone.0008081 · DOI
  81. van den Heuvel, 2010, Aberrant frontal and temporal complex network structure in schizophrenia: a graph theoretical analysis, J Neurosci, 30, 15915, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2874-10.2010 · DOI · Paper page
  82. Vlooswijk, 2010, Functional MRI in chronic epilepsy: associations with cognitive impairment, Lancet Neurol, 9, 1018, 10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70180-0 · DOI
  83. Walser, 2009, Asymmetric seizure termination in primary and secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, Epilepsia, 50, 2035, 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02068.x · doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02068.x
  84. Wang, 2007, Diffusion toolkit: a software package for diffusion imaging data processing and tractography, Proc Intl Soc Mag Reson Med, 3720
  85. Wang, 2011, Altered resting state networks in epileptic patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, Brain Res, 1374, 134, 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.12.034 · DOI
  86. Wang, 2009, Parcellation-dependent small-world brain functional networks: a resting-state fMRI study, Hum Brain Mapp, 30, 1511, 10.1002/hbm.20623 · DOI · Paper page
  87. Wang, 2010, Dynamic functional reorganization of the motor execution network after stroke, Brain, 133, 1224, 10.1093/brain/awq043 · DOI · Paper page
  88. Watts, 1998, Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks, Nature, 393, 440, 10.1038/30918 · DOI · Paper page
  89. Wig, 2011, Concepts and principles in the analysis of brain networks, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1224, 126, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05947.x · DOI · Paper page
  90. Yan, 2011, Sex- and brain size-related small-world structural cortical networks in young adults: a DTI tractography study, Cereb Cortex, 21, 449, 10.1093/cercor/bhq111 · DOI
  91. Yogarajah, 2008, Tractography of the parahippocampal gyrus and material specific memory impairment in unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy, Neuroimage, 40, 1755, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.12.046 · DOI
  92. Zalesky, 2010, Whole-brain anatomical networks: does the choice of nodes matter?, Neuroimage, 50, 970, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.12.027 · DOI · Paper page
  93. Zalesky, 2011, Disrupted axonal fiber connectivity in schizophrenia, Biol Psychiatry, 69, 80, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.08.022 · DOI · Paper page
  94. Zhang, 2009, Impaired perceptual networks in temporal lobe epilepsy revealed by resting fMRI, J Neurol, 256, 1705, 10.1007/s00415-009-5187-2 · DOI
  95. Zhang, 2010, Altered spontaneous neuronal activity of the default-mode network in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, Brain Res, 1323, 152, 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.01.042 · DOI
  96. Zielinski, 2010, Network-level structural covariance in the developing brain, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 107, 18191, 10.1073/pnas.1003109107 · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

See all 583

Metadata

Authors
Zhang, Z., Liao, W., Chen, H., Mantini, D., Ding, J.-R., Xu, Q., Wang, Z., Yuan, C., Chen, G., Jiao, Q., & Lu, G.
Venue
Brain
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2011-09-26
Volume
134
Issue
10
Pages
2912-2928
ISSN
  • 0006-8950 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-2156
DOI
10.1093/brain/awr223
OpenAlex
W2131055855
Cited by
583
References
22
FWCI
16.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Altered functional–structural coupling of large-scale brain networks in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/brain/awr223
The paper
Zhang, Z., Liao, W., Chen, H., Mantini, D., Ding, J.-R., Xu, Q., Wang, Z., Yuan, C., Chen, G., Jiao, Q., & Lu, G. (2011). Altered functional–structural coupling of large-scale brain networks in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Brain. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awr223

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.