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Cited by 1,112Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and ApplicationsFunctional Brain Connectivity StudiesComplex Network Analysis Techniques

Mapping anatomical connectivity patterns of human cerebral cortex using in vivo diffusion tensor imaging tractography

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Gong, Gaolang, He, Yong, Concha, Luis, Lebel, Catherine, Gross, Donald W., Evans, Alan C., Beaulieu, Christian·2009·Cerebral Cortex
DOI 10.1093/cercor/bhn102PMC PMC2722790
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Abstract

The characterization of the topological architecture of complex networks underlying the structural and functional organization of the brain is a basic challenge in neuroscience. However, direct evidence for anatomical connectivity networks in the human brain remains scarce. Here, we utilized diffusion tensor imaging deterministic tractography to construct a macroscale anatomical network capturing the underlying common connectivity pattern of human cerebral cortex in a large sample of subjects (80 young adults) and further quantitatively analyzed its topological properties with graph theoretical approaches. The cerebral cortex was divided into 78 cortical regions, each representing a network node, and 2 cortical regions were considered connected if the probability of fiber connections exceeded a statistical criterion. The topological parameters of the established cortical network (binarized) resemble that of a "small-world" architecture characterized by an exponentially truncated power-law distribution. These characteristics imply high resilience to localized damage. Furthermore, this cortical network was characterized by major hub regions in association cortices that were connected by bridge connections following long-range white matter pathways. Our results are compatible with previous structural and functional brain networks studies and provide insight into the organizational principles of human brain anatomical networks that underlie functional states.

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  • Functional MRI, whether BOLD- or diffusion-based, and tractography provide complementary views of the functional and anatomical networks supporting cognition.

    “Functional MRI, whether BOLD- or diffusion-based, and tractography provide complementary views of the functional and anatomical networks supporting cognition (Gong, He, et al., 2009; Koch et al., 2002).”

    From 40 Years of diffusion MRI in the brain: From history to emerging frontiers (2026) · cites this paper as Gong, He, et al., 2009

    The Introduction describes fMRI as a way to study functional networks and diffusion tractography as a way to study anatomical connectivity; the Conclusion says the anatomical findings are compatible with functional-network studies. Neither passage describes diffusion-based functional MRI or directly connects these methods to cognition. Page numbers are not provided in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  • Tractography is one of the defining achievements of the brain-centered diffusion MRI story.

    “In that sense, tractography is one of the defining achievements of the brain-centered diffusion MRI story (Assaf et al., 2019; Gong, et al., 2009).”

    From 40 Years of diffusion MRI in the brain: From history to emerging frontiers (2026) · cites this paper as Gong, et al., 2009

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Gong, G., He, Y., Concha, L., Lebel, C., Gross, D. W., Evans, A. C., & Beaulieu, C.
Affiliations
  • University of Alberta (CA)
  • Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (CA)
ORCID
Venue
Cerebral Cortex
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2008-06-20
Volume
19
Issue
3
Pages
524-536
ISSN
  • 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-2199
DOI
10.1093/cercor/bhn102
PMC
PMC2722790
OpenAlex
W2162686834
Cited by
1,112
References
8
Citations by year
2026: 28 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 67 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 70 · 2018: 85 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 69 · 2015: 73 · 2014: 76 · 2013: 101 · 2012: 64
FWCI
35.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Center for Research Resources (P41RR15241, P41RR015241)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Complex Network Analysis Techniques
Keywords
structural connectivity, small-world networks, hub regions, bridge connections, association cortex, network resilience, deterministic tractography, graph theory
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Humans, Male, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Young Adult

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