The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Enhanced invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines upon co-cultivation with macrophages is due to TNF- dependent up-regulation of matrix metalloproteases
Abstract
Apart from the neoplastic cells, malignant tumours consist of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and normal cells, in particular tumour-associated macrophages (TAM). To understand the mechanisms by which TAM can influence tumour cell invasion we co-cultured the human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, SK-BR-3 and the benign mammary epithelial cell line hTERT-HME1 with macrophages. Co-incubation enhanced invasiveness of the tumour cells, while hTERT-HME1 remained non-invasive. Addition of the broad-spectrum matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-inhibitor FN 439, neutralizing MMP-9 or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) antibodies reduced invasiveness to basal levels. As shown by zymography, all cell lines produced low amounts of MMP-2, -3, -7 and -9 under control conditions. Basal MMP production by macrophages was significantly higher. Upon co-incubation, supernatant levels of MMPs -2, -3, -7 and -9 increased significantly, paralleled by an increase of MMP-2 activation. MMP-2 and -9 induction could be blocked by TNF-alpha antibodies. Co-culture of macrophages and hTERT-HME1 did not lead to MMP induction. In the co-cultures, mRNAs for MMPs and TNF-alpha were significantly up-regulated in macrophages, while the mRNA concentrations in the tumour cells remained unchanged. In summary, we have found that co-cultivation of tumour cells with macrophages leads to enhanced invasiveness of the malignant cells due to TNF-alpha dependent MMP induction in the macrophages.
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Cited by
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hagemann, T.
- Venue
- Carcinogenesis
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-03-11
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1543-1549
- ISSN
- 0143-3334 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2180
- OpenAlex
- W2125051557
- Cited by
- 375
- References
- 38
- FWCI
- 4.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Hagemann, T. (2004). Enhanced invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines upon co-cultivation with macrophages is due to TNF- dependent up-regulation of matrix metalloproteases. Carcinogenesis. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgh146
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