Longitudinal Structure-Function Correlates in Elderly Reveal MTL Dysfunction with Cognitive Decline
Abstract
By integrating behavioral measures and imaging data, previous investigations have explored the relationship between biological markers of aging and cognitive functions. Evidence from functional and structural neuroimaging has revealed that hippocampal volume and activation patterns in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) may predict cognitive performance in old age. Most past demonstrations of age-related differences in brain structure-function were based on cross-sectional comparisons. Here, the relationship between 6-year intraindividual change in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal and change in memory performance over 2 decades was examined. Correlations between intraindividual change in fMRI signal during episodic encoding and change in memory performance measured outside of scanning were used as an estimate for relating brain-behavior changes. The results revealed a positive relationship between activation change in the hippocampus (HC) and change in memory performance, reflecting reduced hippocampal activation in participants with declining performance. Using a similar analytic approach as for the functional data, we found that individuals with declining performance had reduced HC volume compared with individuals with intact performance. These observations provide a strong link between cognitive change in older adults and MTL structure and function and thus provide insights into brain correlates of individual variability in aging trajectories.
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Compensatory upregulation could explain the frequent finding that at least some age-related activity increases occur within the same brain regions that younger adults recruit during the same task.
“Compensatory upregulation could explain the frequent finding that at least some age-related activity increases are evident within the same brain regions that younger adults recruit during the same task.81”
From Maintenance, reserve and compensation: the cognitive neuroscience of healthy ageing (2018) · cites this paper as [81]
The Discussion suggests that increased parahippocampal activity in older adults with declining memory performance might be attempted functional compensation. It does not establish the claimed frequent finding that age-related increases occur in the same regions younger adults recruit during the same task; this study follows older adults over time rather than making that comparison. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Persson, J., Pudas, S., Lind, J., Kauppi, K., Nilsson, L.-G., & Nyberg, L.
- Affiliations
- Stockholm University (SE)
- Umeå University (SE)
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-11-07
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2297-2304
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- OpenAlex
- W2066754603
- Cited by
- 173
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 6.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- medial temporal lobe, hippocampus, cognitive decline, aging, episodic memory, hippocampal activation, hippocampal volume, within-person change, older adults
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aging, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Statistics as Topic, Temporal Lobe, Memory, Episodic
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