Cited by 120SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchCOVID-19 epidemiological studiesCOVID-19 Clinical Research Studies

Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccine on Asymptomatic Infection Among Patients Undergoing Preprocedural COVID-19 Molecular Screening

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Tande, Aaron J, Pollock, Benjamin D, Shah, Nilay D, Farrugia, Gianrico, Virk, Abinash, Swift, Melanie, Breeher, Laura, Binnicker, Matthew +1 more·2022·Clinical Infectious Diseases

Abstract

Background: Several vaccines are now available under emergency use authorization in the United States and have demonstrated efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19. Vaccine impact on asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is largely unknown. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of consecutive, asymptomatic adult patients (n = 39 156) within a large US healthcare system who underwent 48 333 preprocedural SARS-CoV-2 molecular screening tests between 17 December 2020 and 8 February 2021. The primary exposure of interest was vaccination with ≥1 dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. The primary outcome was relative risk (RR) of a positive SARS-CoV-2 molecular test among those asymptomatic persons who had received ≥1 dose of vaccine compared with persons who had not received vaccine during the same time period. RR was adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, patient residence relative to the hospital (local vs nonlocal), healthcare system regions, and repeated screenings among patients using mixed-effects log-binomial regression. Results: Positive molecular tests in asymptomatic individuals were reported in 42 (1.4%) of 3006 tests and 1436 (3.2%) of 45 327 tests performed on vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, respectively (RR, .44; 95% CI, .33–.60; P < .0001). Compared with unvaccinated patients, risk of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection was lower among those >10 days after the first dose (RR, .21; 95% CI, .12–.37; P < .0001) and >0 days after the second dose (RR, .20; 95% CI, .09–.44; P < .0001) in the adjusted analysis. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination with an mRNA-based vaccine showed a significant association with reduced risk of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection as measured during preprocedural molecular screening. Results of this study demonstrate the impact of the vaccines on reduction in asymptomatic infections supplementing the randomized trial results on symptomatic patients.

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Authors
Tande, A. J., Pollock, B. D., Shah, N. D., Farrugia, G., Virk, A., Swift, M., Breeher, L., Binnicker, M., & Berbari, E. F.
Affiliations
Mayo Clinic (US)
Corresponding author
Tande, Aaron J
Venue
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Published
2021-03-10
Volume
74
Issue
1
Pages
59-65
ISSN
  • 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
  • 1537-6591
OpenAlex
W3135724950
Cited by
120
References
12
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 1
FWCI
9.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Yale-Mayo Clinic Center for Excellence in Regulatory Science and Innovation (U01FD005938)
  • Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation
  • Transforming Clinical Practice Initiative
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (R01HS025164, R01HS025402, R03HS025517, K12HS026379)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
  • National Institutes of Health (R56HL130496, R01HL131535, R01HL151662)
  • National Science Foundation
  • Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
  • Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › COVID-19 epidemiological studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Keywords
COVID-19 vaccines, SARS-CoV-2, asymptomatic infection, mRNA vaccines, molecular testing, vaccine efficacy, second vaccine dose
MeSH terms
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, Adult, Humans, Retrospective Studies, United States, Asymptomatic Infections

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