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Human L1 element target‐primed reverse transcription in vitro
Open accessAbstract
L1 elements are ubiquitous human transposons that replicate via an RNA intermediate. We have reconstituted the initial stages of L1 element transposition in vitro. The reaction requires only the L1 ORF2 protein, L1 3' RNA, a target DNA and appropriate buffer components. We detect branched molecules consisting of junctions between transposon 3' end cDNA and the target DNA, resulting from priming at a nick in the target DNA. 5' junctions of transposon cDNA and target DNA are also observed. The nicking and reverse transcription steps in the reaction can be uncoupled, as priming at pre-existing nicks and even double-strand breaks can occur. We find evidence for specific positioning of the L1 RNA with the ORF2 protein, probably mediated in part by the polyadenosine portion of L1 RNA. Polyguanosine, similar to a conserved region of the L1 3' UTR, potently inhibits L1 endonuclease (L1 EN) activity. L1 EN activity is also repressed in the context of the full-length ORF2 protein, but it and a second cryptic nuclease activity are released by ORF2p proteolysis. Additionally, heterologous RNA species such as Alu element RNA and L1 transcripts with 3' extensions are substrates for the reaction.
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“The endonuclease nicks the bottom strand of genomic DNA at A/T rich sites (TTTT/AA consensus) to initiate a process known as target-primed reverse transcription (TPRT) (Fig. 2)18.”
From The role of retrotransposable elements in ageing and age-associated diseases (2021) · cites this paper as [18]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Cost, G. J., Feng, Q., Jacquier, A., & Boeke, J. D.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Boeke, Jef D.
- Venue
- The EMBO Journal
- Published
- 2002-11-01
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 5899-5910
- ISSN
- 0261-4189 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2075
- PMC
- PMC131089
- OpenAlex
- W1965141089
- Cited by
- 519
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 21.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The EMBO Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (CA-16519, P01CA016519)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Keywords
- target-primed reverse transcription, ORF2 protein, DNA nicking
- MeSH terms
- Base Sequence, DNA Transposable Elements, DNA Replication, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, RNA, Transcription, Genetic, DNA, Complementary
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